Which of the following factors might make an endothermic reaction spontaneous?

Answer:

Explanation:

Rocco is making bonds when he prepares these compounds. Two pieces of evidence for this are:

The chemical reactions are written with an arrow pointing to the right, indicating that the reactants are being converted into products.

The reactions release heat, which is a sign of a chemical reaction occurring and bonds forming.

The bond type in these compounds is an ionic bond. Two pieces of evidence for this are:

The reactants in the chemical reactions consist of a metal (Li or Mg) and a nonmetal (Cl or Br), which are the types of elements that typically form ionic bonds.

The products of the reactions are compounds with a metal and a nonmetal, which also suggests an ionic bond.

The oxidation numbers of lithium and magnesium are +1 and +2 respectively. The oxidation number of chlorine and bromine are -1. Since the oxidation number of lithium is lower than the oxidation number of magnesium, lithium will lose an electron more easily than magnesium. So the reaction of lithium and chlorine is more favorable than magnesium and bromine. That's why Rocco is only getting half as much magnesium compound than lithium compound when preparing these chemicals. To increase his yield, Rocco can try to use a higher amount of magnesium or a lower amount of bromine in the reaction.

Answer:

the second one

Explanation:

THE answers is b

Answer:

density =mass/volume

=276.3/250

=1.105g/ml

The decreasing order of ionization energy will be Mg >Al >P>K.

Ionization energy sometimes referred to as ionization potential, would be the amount of energy it takes to eliminate an electron from a single, isolated atom or molecule.

On moving top to bottom in the periodic table, ionization energy will decrease rapidly.

Al =13 (group 3)

P =15 (group 5)

Mg =12 (group 2)

K =19 (group 1)

The decreasing order of ionization energy will be Mg >Al >P>K.

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Answer: 3 ,2, 6

Explanation:

3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 K3PO4 → Cu3(PO4)2 + 6 KNO3

Dalton's Law of Additive Pressure states that in a mixture of gases, the total pressure exerted by the mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas component.

Dalton's Law of Additive Pressure states that in a mixture of gases, the total pressure exerted by the mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas component.

In the given scenario, the room contains moist air composed of 0.3 moles of oxygen, 0.6 moles of nitrogen, and 0.1 moles of water vapor at room temperature and pressure.

To determine the specific enthalpy of each component, we need to consider the properties of the gases.

i. The total number of moles of moist air in the room can be calculated by summing the moles of each component: 0.3 + 0.6 + 0.1 = 1 mole.

ii. The specific enthalpy of oxygen can be determined by multiplying the moles of oxygen (0.3) by the specific enthalpy of air at 25°C (298.18 kJ/kg). This gives us the specific enthalpy of oxygen.

iii. Similarly, the specific enthalpy of nitrogen can be obtained by multiplying the moles of nitrogen (0.6) by the specific enthalpy of air.

iv. The specific enthalpy of water vapor can be calculated by multiplying the moles of water vapor (0.1) by the specific enthalpy of air.

By performing these calculations, we can determine the specific enthalpies of each component of the moist air mixture.

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Explanation:

Electron is negative in charge

Proton is positive in charge

Neutron has no charge

Explanation:

We have a 63.9 g sample of calcium hydroxide. First we have to convert those grams into moles. To do that we have to use the molar mass of calcium hydroxide.

Calcium hydroxide = Ca(OH)₂

molar mass of Ca = 40.08 g/mol

molar mass of O = 16.00 g/mol

molar mass of H = 1.01 g/mol

molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 1 * 40.08 g/mol + 2 * 16.00 g/mol + 2 * 1.01 g/mol

molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 74.10 g/mol

mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 63.9 g

moles of Ca(OH)₂ = 63.9 g /(74.10 g/mol)

moles of Ca(OH)₂ = 0.862 moles

In 1 molecule of Ca we have 2 atoms of O. So in 1 mol of Ca(OH)₂ we will have 2 moles of O atoms.

1 mol of Ca(OH)₂ = 2 moles of O atoms

moles of O atoms = 0.862 moles of Ca(OH)₂ * 2 moles of O /1 mol of Ca(OH)₂

moles of O atoms = 1.724 moles

One mol is similar to a dozen. When we say that we need a dozen eggs we know that we need 12 eggs. If we want a mol of eggs, we want 6.022*10^23 eggs. So one mol of something is 6.022 * 10^23 of that.

1 mol of O atoms = 6.022 * 10^23 atoms

n° of O atoms = 1.724 moles * 6.022 * 10^23 atoms/1 mol

n° of O atoms = 1.04 * 10^24 atoms

Answer: In a 63.9 g sample of Ca(OH)₂ we have 1.04 *10^24 atoms of oxygen.

3.6 ×10²⁴ atoms fluorine are in 410 g of UF\(_6\). Fluorine is an atomic number 9 chemical element with both the symbol F.

Fluorine is an atomic number 9 chemical element with both the symbol F. This is the smallest halogen as well as occurs as a very poisonous, pale yellow diatomic vapor under normal circumstances.

It is exceptionally reactive being the most electronegative active catalyst, reacting with all other elements save the light inert.

mole =  410 / 352.02 =1.16mole

number of atom= 1.16× 6.022×10²³=6.98×10²³

number of atom of fluorine =6× 6.98×10²³= 3.6   ×10²⁴ atoms

Therefore, 3.6 ×10²⁴ atoms fluorine are in 410 g of UF\(_6\).

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Answer:

Products

Explanation:

The materials you end up with in a reaction are called the products of the reaction.

For example;

        A  + B →  C + D

A and B are the reactants

C and D are the products.

To determine the moles of O₂ needed, we have to know in what ratio the two reactants react and then use the moles of C₂H₂  in reaction to determine the moles of O₂  needed. We can find this out based on their coefficient in a balanced equation:

Write a Balance Equation

2C₂H₂  +   5O₂   →     4CO₂   +   2H₂O

Compare the Mole Ratio (Equation Coefficient of C₂H₂  to  O₂)

Based on the equation, the mole ratio of C₂H₂  to  O₂  is 2 to 5. Therefore for every molecule of C₂H₂, ⁵/₂ C₂H₂ molecules are needed to react.

Find the moles of O₂

Since the number of moles of  C₂H₂   =    2.60 moles

                                then moles of O₂ = 2.60 moles × ⁵/₂

The present theory of the atom, which Erwin Schrodinger contributed to, maintains that electrons reside in areas known as orbitals or electron clouds.

The probability of an electron existing at any certain location surrounding the nucleus may be calculated using an equation that Schrödinger created. He determined the areas surrounding the nucleus where electrons are most likely to be based on his calculations. These areas are what he named orbitals.

The Schrödinger equation can be thought of as the Newton's second law of classical physics' quantum analogue. Newton's second law uses mathematics to predict the course that a particular physical system will take over time given a specific set of initial circumstances. The quantum-mechanical description of a standalone physical system, as well as the evolution through time of a wave function, are provided by the Schrödinger equation. The equation can be obtained from the requirement that the time-evolution operator be unitary, in which case the quantum Hamiltonian's exponential of a self-adjoint operator must be used to construct the time-evolution operator.

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For fermentation process to successfully occur, Oxygen gas (O2) must not enter the carboy, because the pyruvate used in the process, gets completely oxidized when oxygen gas is present.

Fermentation is a metabolic process that always must take place in the absence of oxygen. Many of the beneficial microorganisms, create desired changes in different types of beverages and foods through this process of fermentation. And the resulting products of fermentation reaction thus formed, have better/more favorable flavor and taste, and also more life as they get preserved during the process. In addition to this, these microorganisms also provide several health benefits.

The process of fermentation to occur successfully, does not require oxygen gas as it is an anaerobic process. If by any chance or means, oxygen gas is present, the pyruvate used would be completely oxidized during the reaction forming carbon dioxide and water molecules as the by products, by the action of yeast spiration. Moreover, these yeast species needed in the reaction, produce ethanol only in an anaerobic (oxygen-less) environment by another process called the Pasteur Effect.

There are generally three types of fermentation processes based on the end products obtained using the pyruvate. They are:

Acetic Acid Fermentation, Lactic Acid Fermentation, and Alcoholic Fermentation.

Therefore, Oxygen Gas is the correct answer to this question.

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With an amide, the electron pair is delocalized onto the carbonyl group by resonance.

This resonance stabilization makes the amide much less basic than an alkylamine.

This means that the double bond character of the carbonyl group is partially transferred onto the nitrogen atom, resulting in a partially double bond character between the nitrogen and carbon atoms. This resonance stabilization makes the amide much less basic than an alkylamine, which does not have this electron delocalization.

The nitrogen atom in an amide is less likely to donate a lone pair of electrons to form a new bond, as these electrons are involved in the resonance stabilization.

As a result, amides are less reactive towards acids or electrophiles than alkylamines.

In summary, the delocalization of the electron pair onto the carbonyl group by resonance in an amide makes it less basic and less reactive than an alkylamine.

In an amide, the electron pair (lone pair) on the nitrogen atom (1) is delocalized onto the carbonyl group's oxygen atom (2) by resonance. This delocalization process spreads the electron density across multiple atoms, making the amide nitrogen (3) much less nucleophilic and basic (4) than an alkylamine.

The decreased nucleophilicity and basicity result from the electron pair's involvement in resonance stabilization, reducing its availability for interaction with other molecules or ions.

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Answer:

ture

Explanation:

The potential energy of any system veritably depends upon the distance depending upon the types of forces acting on the objects. The potential energy undeniably depends upon the distance and is inversely proportional to each other. If the force between the two is attractive then the potential energy will increase with increasing distance between them both, and if the force is repulsive then the potential energy will increase will decreasing the distance between them.

Answer:

A bee sting has a ph of 5, and is therefore an acid. Litmus paper goes red (or stays red) in acidic solutions.

Answer:

The Blue Litmus Paper should turn red

Explanation:

Bee venom has a pH of 5.5, which means it is mildly acidic which in turn should make the Litmus paper turn Red. Hope this helps!

Based on the Lewis diagrams of NH3 and NF3, the correct prediction is that NH3 is a stronger base than NF3.

NH3 has a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom that is available for donation to a proton, making it a Lewis base. In contrast, NF3 has a similar lone pair on nitrogen, but the presence of electronegative fluorine atoms reduces the electron density on nitrogen, making the lone pair less available for donation. The stronger electron availability in NH3 allows it to more readily accept a proton, making it a stronger base compared to NF3.

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Arsenic, hydraulic fracturing, lead, and PFAS present chemical threats to global drinking water supplies in different ways.

Let's discuss each of them in detail:

(a) Arsenic - The origin of arsenic exposure is natural deposits or contamination from agricultural or industrial practices. Human health consequences include skin, lung, liver, and bladder cancers. It can also lead to cardiovascular diseases, skin lesions, and neurodevelopmental effects. Drivers of continued exposure include poor regulation and monitoring. Modern solutions include rainwater harvesting and treatment.

(b) Hydraulic fracturing - Hydraulic fracturing involves using a mixture of chemicals, water, and sand to extract natural gas and oil from shale rock formations. The origin of exposure is contaminated surface and groundwater due to the release of chemicals from fracking fluids and other sources. Human health consequences include skin, eye, and respiratory irritation, headaches, dizziness, and reproductive and developmental problems. Drivers of continued exposure include lack of regulation and poor oversight. Modern solutions include alternative energy sources and regulation of the industry.

(c) Lead - Lead contamination in drinking water can occur due to corrosion of plumbing materials. Human health consequences include neurological damage, developmental delays, anemia, and hypertension. Drivers of continued exposure include aging infrastructure and poor maintenance. Modern solutions include replacing lead service lines, testing for lead levels, and implementing corrosion control.

(d) PFAS - PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are human-made chemicals used in a variety of consumer and industrial products. They can enter the water supply through wastewater discharges, firefighting foams, and other sources. Human health consequences include developmental effects, immune system damage, cancer, and thyroid hormone disruption. Drivers of continued exposure include the continued use of PFAS in consumer and industrial products. Modern solutions include reducing the use of PFAS in products and treatment methods such as granular activated carbon.

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Answer:

This equation is balanced

A baseball’s resultant velocity is 17.23 m/s, at 26.02° from the level ground then the  horizontal component of the baseball’s velocity is 15.4835m/s

Velocity means the direction of the movement of the body or the object here given data is velocity =17.23 m/s, at angle= 26.02° and we have to find  horizontal component of the baseball’s velocity=?

So, Horizontal distance can be expressed as x=V × t

Cos26.02°=x/17.23 for vector component, this means that the

17.23cos26.02°= x horizontal component is the hypotenuse length

x=15.4835m/s is the horizontal component of the baseball’s velocity

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There are 0.83 moles of ammonium ions present in 567 mL of solution.

This can be calculated by first converting the given amount of ammonium sulfate into moles (0.083 moles) and then multiplying it by the number of ammonium ions present in each mole of ammonium sulfate (2). The resulting number is 0.83 moles of ammonium ions. This number can then be converted to milliliters using the molarity equation (M = n/V). This equation can be rearranged to solve for n (the number of moles). Plugging in the values from the given problem yields n = 0.83 moles of ammonium ions present in 567 mL of solution.

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1. The empirical formula for the sweetener is C₅H₆O

2. The molecular formula for the sweetener is C₁₀H₁₂O₂

The empirical formula for the sweetener can be obtained as follow:

Divide by their molar mass

C = 3 / 12 = 0.25

H = 0.3 / 1 = 0.3

O = 0.8 / 16 = 0.05

Divide by the smallest

C = 0.25 / 0.05 = 5

H = 0.3 / 0.05 = 6

O = 0.05 / 0.05 = 1

Thus, the empirical formula is C₅H₆O

The molecular formula for the sweetener can be obtained as follow:

Molecular formula = empirical × n

Molecular formula = mass number

Thus,

Empirical × n = mass number

[C₅H₆O]n = 164

[(12 × 5) + (1 × 6) + 16]n = 164

[60 + 6 + 16]n = 164

82n = 164

Divide both sides by 82

n = 164 / 82

n = 2

Molecular formula = [C₅H₆O]n

Molecular formula = [C₅H₆O]₂

Molecular formula = C₁₀H₁₂O₂

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Answer:

3.374L

Explanation:

According to Charle's Law:

V1/T1=V2/T2 (At constant pressure and moles)

where V=Volume and T=Temperature.

The temperature must be in kelvin.

K=C°+273

T1=40+273=313K

T2=55+273=328K

By applying the formula, we get:

3.22/313=V2/328

V2=(3.22*328)/313

V2=3.374L

The expected product is (R)-2-bromobutane.

Stereochemistry plays a crucial role in determining the outcome of chemical reactions. In the given question, the stereochemistry of the intermediate I needs to be considered to determine the expected product.

The intermediate I indicates a chiral carbon center, denoted by an asterisk (*), which means it has four different substituents attached to it. This chiral carbon results in two possible stereoisomers: (R)-2-bromobutane and (S)-2-bromobutane.

When a reaction occurs at a chiral carbon, the stereochemistry of the reactant is usually retained in the product, assuming no racemization or inversion takes place during the reaction. In this case, the intermediate I has an (R) configuration, which implies that the product will also have an (R) configuration.

Therefore, the expected product is (R)-2-bromobutane.

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Answer:

The answer would be topaz

Answer:

Uranium-238

Explanation:

Examples:

Original element Decay product Half-life (years)

Uranium-238 Lead-206 4.5 billion

Uranium-235 Lead-207 704 million

Rubidium-87 Strontium-87 48.8 billion

The Lewis structure for iodoethane (C2H,1) is as follows.

I - C - C - H

| |

H H

| |

H H

A Lewis structure, also known as a Lewis dot diagram, is a way to represent the bonding and non-bonding electrons in a molecule. It is named after Gilbert N. Lewis, who introduced it in 1916. A Lewis structure shows the chemical symbol of each atom in the molecule and the electrons that are involved in the chemical bonds. It is used to predict the molecular geometry, reactivity, and other chemical properties of a molecule.

In this structure, the central atom is the carbon atom, and the outer atoms are the hydrogen and iodine atoms. The carbon atoms each have four bonds, which are satisfied by the three hydrogen atoms and the iodine atom. The iodine atom has one lone pair, which is not shown in the structure.

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Answer:

flammable

Explanation:

flammble is about flame in it so chemical

It's option B) Flammable.

Answer:

The reactants for photosynthesis are light energy, water, carbon dioxide and chlorophyll, while the products are glucose (sugar), oxygen and water.