Question 2 (5 + 5 + 5 = 15 points): A networking company uses a compression technique to encode the message before transmitting over the network. The message contains the following characters with their frequency: character Frequency a b 5 9 12 13 16 45 d e f = = Assume that initially (before encoding) all characters require 3 bits to represent (a = 000, b = 001...). If the compression technique used is Huffman Coding, how many bits will be needed to represent each of these characters? How they will be represented? Determine how many bits will be saved in the message?
Answers
By using Huffman coding for compression, the characters will be represented using variable-length codes based on their frequency. The number of bits required to represent each character will vary, resulting in a more efficient encoding scheme. In this case, the message will require fewer bits than the initial fixed-length representation, resulting in saved bits.
Huffman coding is a variable-length prefix coding technique that assigns shorter codes to frequently occurring characters and longer codes to less frequent characters. To determine the number of bits needed to represent each character using Huffman coding, we need to construct a Huffman tree based on the character frequencies.
Starting with the given frequencies, we construct a binary tree by repeatedly merging the two characters with the lowest frequencies. The resulting tree represents the hierarchical structure of the encoding scheme. Assigning 0s and 1s to the left and right branches, we traverse the tree from the root to each character, generating the corresponding code. The characters with higher frequencies will have shorter codes, while characters with lower frequencies will have longer codes.
Based on the given frequencies, we construct the Huffman tree and assign the following codes:
a: 110
b: 101
c: 1111
d: 00
e: 01
f: 10
=: 1110
After encoding the message using Huffman coding, each character will be represented by its corresponding code. The number of bits required to represent each character will vary based on the code length. Comparing this with the initial fixed-length representation of 3 bits per character, we can calculate the number of saved bits. By summing the total bits required for the Huffman-coded message and subtracting it from the total bits required for the initial representation, we can determine the amount of bits saved in the message.
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Related Questions
Blizzards and hurricanes are examples of contrasting observable events
Answers
Answer:
Blizzards and hurricanes are both meteorological events that happen on earth when certain conditions are met,
Explanation:
hope this helps
Are you familiar with measuring using a ruler? When have you ever used a ruler to measure, and who taught you how to use the ruler? How confident are you in your ability to measure things using a ruler? Please help me answer this question
Answers
Answer:
I have used a ruler many times to meausre various things such as paper, my height, etc. I was taught how to use a ruler in elementary school. I am pretty confident in using a ruler because I have used one for a majority of my life.
Explanation:
Check ALL of the correct answers.
What would the following for loop print?
for i in range(2, 4):
print(i)
2
2
3
4.
1
Help now please
Answers
Answer:
2,3,4
Explanation:
Starts at two, goes to four. Thus it prints 2,3,4
When is it appropriate to delete an entire row or column as opposed to deleting the data in the row or column
Answers
Answer:
huh wdym
Explanation:
True/False
An operating system is an example of application software.
Answers
False. An operating system is not an example of application software.
An operating system (OS) is a system software that manages computer hardware and provides services and resources for other software applications to run. It acts as an intermediary between the hardware and user applications, controlling the execution of programs, managing memory and storage, handling input/output operations, and providing a user interface.
Application software, on the other hand, refers to software programs designed for specific tasks or purposes. These programs are built on top of the operating system and are intended to fulfill the needs and requirements of end-users. Examples of application software include word processors, spreadsheets, web browsers, graphic design tools, and video players.
While the operating system provides the foundational infrastructure and services for applications to function, it is distinct from the application software itself. The operating system is responsible for managing system resources and providing a platform for the execution of applications.
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4 Two people play a counting game.
The rules of the game are as follows:
The first player starts at 1
Each player may choose one, two or three numbers on their turn and the numbers must be in ascending order
Players take it in turns to choose
The player who chooses "15" loses the game. For example, if the first player chooses three numbers (1, 2, 3) then the second player could choose one number (4), two numbers (4, 5) or three numbers (4,5,6).
The first player then takes another go.
-Write an algorithm using pseudocode that allows two players to play this game.
The algorithm should:
--Alternate between player 1 and player 2
--Ask the player how many numbers they would like to choose, ensuring that this is between 1 and 3
--Display the numbers that the player has chosen Display a suitable message to say --which player has won once the number 15 has been displayed
Answers
Answer:
algorithm should:
--Alternate between player 1 and player 2
--Ask the player how many numbers they would like to choose, ensuring that this is between 1 and 3
An algorithm using pseudocode that allows two players to play the game is:
BEGIN Player One num "1"ASCENDING order num;TURN Player One num;TURN Player Two num;INCREMENT IF there is num "15"THENPLAYER losesWhat is a Pseudocode?This refers to the use of plain language to describe the sequence of steps for solving a problem.
Hence, we can see that from the given game rules about the input that is made by a player where he starts at 1 and any player that selects 15 loses the game and there is an increment is displayed in a rough form above.
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Problem # I: Creating a BASELINE SCHEDULE - Show all calculations and highlight critical path(s). You have been assigned as a Project Engineer on a construction project and been asked by your project
Answers
As a project engineer on a construction project, creating a baseline schedule is a critical task.
This process involves identifying all tasks, estimating their durations, and mapping dependencies among them. The critical path is then determined, which is the sequence of tasks that must be completed on time for the project to finish as scheduled.
The first step is to list all the tasks required for the project and estimate their durations. This could be based on past projects, expert opinion, or using estimation techniques like PERT or CPM. The next step is to identify dependencies among tasks, i.e., which tasks must be completed before others can start. This information can be visualized in a Gantt chart or network diagram. The critical path is then identified as the longest path through this network, indicating the minimum time required to complete the project. Any delay in tasks on the critical path will result in a project delay.
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Can anyone help me with a mental ability work plzz
Answers
choose the correct option:
1) using
2) is
3) use
4) to eat
5) use
You would use the _______ conditional formatting options when analyzing a worksheet in which you want to highlight the highest or lowest values compared to other cells in the selection.
Answers
Answer:
Top/bottom conditional formatting
Explanation:
The top/bottom conditional formatting automatically carries out the task of finding the highest, lowest and even average values.
Conditional formatting formatting gives one the opportunity to enhance reports and dashboards as they work on excel.
You use the too/bottom formatting to highlight cells whose values of highest in a dataset and lowest in a dataset
a string of characters assigned by the dba to a database that the user must enter to access the database is known as a(n) .
Answers
A string of characters assigned by the dba to a database that the user must enter to access the database is known as a password.
A password is a word, phrase, or group of characters used to distinguish between an authorized user or process and an unauthorized user (in order to grant access). To put it another way, a password is used to establish one's identity or grant access to a resource. There is a strong implication that a password is private. A username or other authentication method is typically used in conjunction with a password to ensure security. A password with a minimum of 12 characters.
Passwords should be different, complex, and illogical. They should be made up of a combination of upper- and lower-case letters, numbers, and symbols, and should not contain dictionary words from any language or be related to anything that could be guessed (employee ID, dates, etc.). They should also not be sequences from a keyboard like "qwerty" or "zxcvb."
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Aliaa and Zhang Li are tennis-playing robots. Aliaa is 715\,\text{cm}715cm715, start text, c, m, end text from Zhang Li and 2{,}200\,\text{cm}2,200cm2, comma, 200, start text, c, m, end text from the far corner. Zhang Li measures an 91\degree91°91, degree angle between Aliaa and the far corner, as shown.
From Aliaa's viewpoint, what is the angle between Zhang Li and the far corner?
Do not round during your calculations. Round your final answer to the nearest degree.
Answers
Answer:
70
Explanation:
Law of Sines.
sin(91)/12 = sin(x)/715
x=19
180-91-19=70
can some one make me a pandora account and give me the email and the password to it please
Answers
Answer:
Ill do it but you do know someone can see the information right?
Explanation:
What are the typical switching voltages that may be applied to the inputs of a PLC?
Answers
A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is an industrial digital computer that controls various automation processes in industries. The typical switching voltages that may be applied to the inputs of a PLC can be categorized into two types: AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current) voltages.
1. AC Voltage Inputs: These are commonly used in industrial environments due to their ability to travel long distances with minimal power loss. The typical AC input voltages for a PLC range from 110V to 240V, with 120V and 240V being the most common in North America.
2. DC Voltage Inputs: DC voltages are often used in control circuits and sensors for their simplicity and stability. The typical DC input voltages for a PLC vary from 5V to 30V, with 12V, 24V, and 48V being the most common.
When designing a PLC system, it's important to consider the compatibility of the input voltages with the specific PLC model being used, as well as the voltage requirements of the sensors and devices connected to the PLC. Proper voltage selection ensures efficient communication and safe operation of the entire control system.
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when are the permanent codes assigned by who to replace chapter 22 temporary codes published
Answers
The temporary codes published under Chapter 22 of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) are used to report new and emerging health issues until permanent codes are assigned.
Permanent codes are assigned by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) in conjunction with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Once the NCHS and CMS determine that a temporary code has been used frequently enough and consistently enough to warrant a permanent code, the code is assigned and added to the ICD-10-CM. This ensures that there is a consistent and standardized way to report the particular health issue in medical records and healthcare claims. The timing of when permanent codes are assigned can vary depending on the frequency and consistency of use of the temporary code.
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consider a simple game in which the player one rolls a die. if the value is 1, 2, 3, or 4, the player loses $1. if it is 5 or 6, the player wins $1. calculate the expected return.
Answers
The expected return in this game is -$0.33, which means that, on average, the player can expect to lose approximately $0.33 per game.To calculate the expected return in this game, we need to determine the probability of each outcome and multiply it by the corresponding amount won or lost.
In this case, there are 6 possible outcomes when rolling a fair die: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. Out of these, 4 outcomes result in a loss of $1 (1, 2, 3, or 4), and 2 outcomes result in a win of $1 (5 or 6).
The probability of rolling a specific number on a fair die is 1/6. So, the probability of losing $1 is (4/6), and the probability of winning $1 is (2/6).
To calculate the expected return, we multiply the probability of each outcome by the corresponding amount won or lost:
Expected Return = (Probability of winning $1 * Amount won) + (Probability of losing $1 * Amount lost)
Expected Return = ((2/6) * $1) + ((4/6) * -$1)
Simplifying this expression, we get:
Expected Return = (2/6) - (4/6)
Expected Return = -2/6
Simplifying further, we get:
Expected Return = -1/3
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A bottom-up approach is better for smaller problems.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is true.
Sorry for late answer.
Hope this helps.
Explanation:
I got it right on edge.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
difference between tablet and smart phone
Answers
Answer:
What is the difference between tablets and smartphones? The main difference is the size of the screen. Smartphones usually have screen sizes between 4″/10cm and 7″/17cm, a tablet is anything over this. When it comes to processing power and available apps—they usually share the same capabilities.
Explanation:
Tablets are overwhelmingly used to play games and access entertainment (67 per cent), while smartphones are divided between games, social networking, and utilities (to name a few). Basically, tablets are seen as an entertainment platform, while smartphones are considered mostly a communications device.
What is the output of the following snippet?
my_list =
[[0, 1, 2, 3] for i in range (2) ]
print (my_list [2] [0])
Answers
Answer:
Explanation is being shown in the file that takes you to the link
When you write a program that will run in a GUI environment as opposed to a command-line environment, ____________.a. The logic is very differentb. Some syntax is differentc. You do not need to plan the logicd. Users are more confused
Answers
Answer: B. Some syntax is different
Explanation: The graphical user interface and the command line are both ways of interacting with our computer such that through them we can perform numerous functions very easily. However, the graphical user interface and the command line both offers different methods or ways of interaction with our computers. GUI's provides an interactive platform with our computer using visual icons and representarion, hence increasing usability especially for an average user. The command line on the other hand allows interaction with our computer through the use of text typed from the command line interpreter by following a defined syntax for each type of command or task to be performed.
Programs may be written and designed to run in ith environment, however application developers need to pay attention to the syntax due to the differences which exists while writing programs designed for each of the interfaces.
This does not make any sense. proc1(str2) isn't part of a DISPLAY. The only thing that should be displayed at all would be DISPLAY (str1) which is birthday.
Answers
Note that the output of the procedure call proc2( "birthday", "to you") would be: "birthday to you" (Option A)
What is the justification for the above response?This is because proc2 first displays str1 ("birthday") followed by a space and then str2 ("to you"), resulting in the output "birthday to you". The procl procedure call within proc2 does not affect the output since it only displays its input string (str2) and does not return any value.
Note that a procedure call is a statement in a program that invokes a procedure or function to perform a specific task or set of tasks.
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Choose all items that represent examples of good website accessibility.
site easily found using a search engine
font size can be changed
site text makes sense when read aloud to a blind person
pages load quickly
the Tab and Enter keys can be used to move through a website
Answers
Answer:
B,C, E
Explanation:
I did it on edge :)
Answer:
b, c, and e !!
Explanation:
just did the assignment, hope this helps !! <3
brainliest pls? :)
Assume a processor scheduler which needs to handle the following incoming processes:
P1, arrival at t=0, burst time = 4
P2, arrival at t=1, burst time = 3
P3, arrival at t=2, burst time = 1
Trace the following processor scheduling algorithms:
a) First come first serve
b) Shortest task first (non-preemptive)
c) Shortest task first (preemptive)
d) Round robin with quantum = 1
Answers
a) First come first serve (FCFS):
The order of process execution is P1, P2, P3.
b) Shortest task first (non-preemptive):
The order of process execution is P3, P2, P1.
c) Shortest task first (preemptive):
The order of process execution is P3, P2, P1.
d) Round robin with quantum = 1:
The order of process execution is P1, P2, P3.
In the first-come-first-serve (FCFS) scheduling algorithm, the processes are executed in the order they arrive. In this case, P1 arrives first, followed by P2 and P3. Therefore, P1 is executed first, then P2, and finally P3.In the shortest task first (non-preemptive) scheduling algorithm, the process with the shortest burst time is executed first, without preemption. Here, P3 has the shortest burst time, so it is executed first, followed by P2 and P1.In the shortest task first (preemptive) scheduling algorithm, the process with the shortest burst time is executed first, but it can be preempted by a process with an even shorter burst time. Again, P3 has the shortest burst time and is executed first. However, since P2 arrives before P1, it preempts the execution of P3. Once P2 is completed, P3 resumes execution, and finally, P1 is executed.In the round-robin scheduling algorithm with a quantum of 1, each process is given a time slice (quantum) of 1 unit, and they take turns executing. P1 is executed first, followed by P2 and P3. The process execution continues in a circular manner, with each process receiving one unit of execution time until all processes are completed.Learn more about First come first serve
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1. You are designing a program that will keep track of the boxes in a doctor’s office. Each box will have three attributes: date, contents, and location. Write a class that will consist of box objects.
Answers
Answer:
Public class Box
{
private String myDate;
private String myContents;
private String myLocation;
public class Box(String date, String contents, String location)
{
myDate = date;
myContents = contents;
myLocation = location;
}
}
Hope this is what you're looking for! If not, let me know and I can try to help more. :)
Each box will have three attributes: date, contents, and location. It is class box.
What is class box?There is a method in the box class of this program. Box is a brand-new data type for the class.
Box is used to declare objects of this type as having double height; Class declaration just generates a template; it does not generate any actual objects. None of the objects of type are affected by this code. Box void volume
Therefore, Each box will have three attributes: date, contents, and location. It is class box.
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When you install drives what type of connection can be used to connect SSD’s, HDD’s and Optical drive?
Answers
Answer:
Two drives: one being an SSD and one being an HDD
Explanation:
SSHD is a hybrid of the SSD and HDD. It has the capacity of a HHD and the speed close to that of a SSD. Frequently used software are stored in the SSD part for quick access and everything else is stored in the HDD.
Explanation:
in linux, how is a specific partition acquired, as opposed to an entire drive?
Answers
In Linux, a specific partition can be acquired by using the "fdisk" command to create a partition on a physical drive.
Once the partition is created, it can be formatted with a file system using the "mkfs" command. The partition can then be mounted using the "mount" command to make it accessible to the system. This allows for specific partitions to be used for different purposes, such as storing data or running applications. Acquiring a specific partition is different from acquiring an entire drive because it allows for more precise control over the storage space and can help prevent data loss in case of issues with the drive.
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Which activity might be a job or task of an IT worker who manages work
Answers
Answer: Sets up a LAN for the office
Explanation:
The activity that might be a job or task of an IT worker who manages work is the setting up of a local area network for the office.
Through the setting up of the local area network, the computers in the company can be interconnected together within the organization.
You know that you should check the room for security against unwanted entry do you check locks on doors and windows. What else do you want to check
Answers
You are working as a project manager. One of the web developers regularly creates dynamic pages with a half dozen parameters. Another developer regularly complains that this will harm the project’s search rankings. How would you handle this dispute?
Answers
From the planning stage up to the deployment of such initiatives live online, web project managers oversee their creation.They oversee teams that build websites, work with stakeholders to determine the scope of web-based projects, and produce project status report.
What techniques are used to raise search rankings?
If you follow these suggestions, your website will become more search engine optimized and will rank better in search engine results (SEO).Publish Knowledgeable, Useful Content.Update Your Content Frequently.facts about facts.possess a link-worthy website.Use alt tags.Workplace Conflict Resolution Techniques.Talk about it with the other person.Pay more attention to events and behavior than to individuals.Take note of everything.Determine the points of agreement and disagreement.Prioritize the problem areas first.Make a plan to resolve each issue.Put your plan into action and profit from your victory.Project managers are in charge of overseeing the planning, execution, monitoring, control, and closure of projects.They are accountable for the project's overall scope, team and resources, budget, and success or failure at the end of the process.Due to the agility of the Agile methodology, projects are broken into cycles or sprints.This enables development leads to design challenging launches by dividing various project life cycle stages while taking on a significant quantity of additional labor.We can use CSS to change the page's background color each time a user clicks a button.Using JavaScript, we can ask the user for their name, and the website will then dynamically display it.A dynamic list page: This page functions as a menu from which users can access the product pages and presents a list of all your products.It appears as "Collection Name" in your website's Pages section.To learn more about search rankings. refer
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____ is a technology that exists inside another device
Answers
Answer:
Embedded technology is a technology that exists inside another device.
Answer:
Embedded
Explanation:
An embedded system is a combination of computer hardware and software designed for a specific function.
Who is the founder of C language?
Answers
Answer:
Dennis Ritchie is the founder of C language.