Fragile X syndrome is caused due to a mutation in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome. Notation for several individual genotypes is given below. Superscript numbers refer to the number of CGG repeats seen in the promoter region of the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome.
Let's answer the following questions one by one.
A) X16X75 - This person does not have fragile X syndrome, but could this person have a child with fragile X syndrome? Clearly justify your answer. This person is a carrier. Their X chromosome has 75 CGG repeats, but they have a normal FMR1 gene on their other X chromosome with 16 CGG repeats. This person can pass on the mutated FMR1 gene to their child. This person can have a child with fragile X syndrome only if they have a child with an X chromosome that carries a large number of CGG repeats from the other parent. Hence, there is a chance of this person having a child with fragile X syndrome.
B) X225 Y- Does this person have fragile X syndrome? Why or why not? If they do not have the condition, is there anything else you can say about this person related to the condition? Fragile X syndrome only occurs in individuals with two copies of the FMR1 gene. The Y chromosome is not related to the FMR1 gene or the fragile X syndrome. Therefore, this person does not have fragile X syndrome.
C) X15 X225 - Does this person have fragile X syndrome? Why or why not? If they do not have the condition, is there anything else you can say about this person related to the condition? This person has only one copy of the FMR1 gene with a mutation and another copy of a normal FMR1 gene. To have fragile X syndrome, an individual must have a mutation in both copies of the FMR1 gene. Thus, this person does not have fragile X syndrome.
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How is the water cycle related to the nitrogen cycle?
what relatively recent fossil discovery has helped us understand the transition between the lobe-finned fishes and the tetrapods?
Tiktaalik's recent fossil discovery has helped us understand the transition between the lobe-finned fishes and the tetrapods.
Early lobe-finned fishes are hard fish with plump, lobed, matched blades, which are joined to the body by a solitary bone.
The discovery of well-preserved pelves and a portion of the pelvic fin from Tiktaalik roseae, a 375 million-year-old transitional species between fish and the first animals with legs, indicates that improved hind fins were the actual starting point for the evolution of hind legs.
The non-tetrapod Osteichthyes (bony fish) Tiktaalik was discovered in the Arctic of Canada. It has scales and gills, but it has a triangular, flattened head and unusual, cleaver-shaped fins.
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Paragraph 1 –Summarize the basic information about the science of genetics: what is it, when did it start, how does DNA relate, etc. Paragraphs 2 and 3 – research the impact of genetics on society. Each paragraph should include one specific example, with supporting details and
Paragraph 1:
Genetics is the scientific study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms. It involves understanding how traits are passed from one generation to another and how genes contribute to the development and functioning of organisms.
Paragraph 2:
Genetics has had a profound impact on society, particularly in the field of medicine. One notable example is the development of genetic testing and screening.
Paragraph 3:
Another significant impact of genetics on society is in the field of agriculture and food production.
Paragraph 1:
Genetics is the scientific study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms. It involves understanding how traits are passed from one generation to another and how genes contribute to the development and functioning of organisms.
The field of genetics began to take shape in the mid-19th century with the work of Gregor Mendel, who conducted experiments on pea plants and established the principles of inheritance. The discovery of DNA's structure by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 provided a significant breakthrough, as DNA is the genetic material that carries the instructions for building and maintaining living organisms.
Paragraph 2:
Genetics has had a profound impact on society, particularly in the field of medicine. One notable example is the development of genetic testing and screening. These techniques allow individuals to assess their genetic predisposition to certain diseases or conditions.
For instance, testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations can indicate an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer. This information enables individuals to make informed decisions about their health, such as pursuing preventive measures or early detection.
Genetic testing has also been used in prenatal screenings to identify genetic disorders in fetuses, empowering parents to make decisions regarding the continuation of the pregnancy or to prepare for the challenges ahead.
Paragraph 3:
Another significant impact of genetics on society is in the field of agriculture and food production. Genetic engineering and modification have allowed scientists to enhance crop traits such as pest resistance, drought tolerance, and nutritional content.
An example of this is the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), such as Bt corn and herbicide-resistant soybeans. These genetically modified crops have the potential to increase agricultural productivity, reduce the use of pesticides, and address food security concerns.
However, the use of GMOs also raises ethical and environmental concerns, as the long-term effects of introducing modified genes into ecosystems are still being studied. It highlights the need for careful regulation and consideration of the potential risks and benefits associated with genetic modifications in agriculture.
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Communication between cells is affected if there is an issue with which
two systems
Explanation:
As I think option B is the correct one.
A collision domain is a network segment shared a data transmissions collide with one another. Give an example S of the Multiple Access Protocol:
channel partitioning protocols
random access protocols
"taking turns" protocols
Multiple Access Protocols are used in network communication to manage access to a shared medium. They provide a set of rules for devices to transmit data without collisions. Three examples of Multiple Access Protocols are channel partitioning protocols, random access protocols, and "taking turns" protocols.
Channel partitioning protocols divide the available channel or bandwidth into separate time slots or frequency bands, allowing different devices to transmit data during their designated time or frequency slot. An example of a channel partitioning protocol is Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), where each device is allocated a specific time slot to transmit data.
Random access protocols do not divide the channel but instead, allow devices to transmit data whenever they have data to send. Examples of random access protocols include Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), used in Ethernet networks, and Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA), used in wireless networks.
"Taking turns" protocols, also known as controlled access protocols, allow devices to take turns in accessing the shared medium. An example of a "taking turns" protocol is the Token Ring protocol, where a token is passed from one device to another in a sequential manner, granting the device holding the token the right to transmit data.
These Multiple Access Protocols help regulate access to a collision domain, ensuring efficient and fair data transmission among multiple devices sharing the same network segment.
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reduced bone and muscle mass and light- producing organs are adaptations most likely to be seen in fish living in the:
Reduced bone mass as well as muscle and light-producing organs are the most likely adaptations seen in fish living in the deep sea.
Deep-sea fish is a collective term for fish that live in the dark below the surface of sunlit waters, that is, below the epipelagic or photic zone in the oceans. By far the lantern fish are the most abundant deep-sea fish. Other marine fish include flashlightfish, cutting sharks, bristlemouth, anglerfish, viperfish, and several species of eelpout.
Organs that emit weak blue, yellow, or green light can be used to communicate. Lanternfish are very important to marine ecosystems, with whales, dolphins, and sharks too.
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The connection that exists between genes and hereditary traits is based on using the information encoded in genes to synthesize...
a) Codons
b) Nucleotides
c) Amino acids
d) Histones
e) Complementary bases
The connection that exists between genes and hereditary traits is based on using the information encoded in genes to synthesize : Amino acids
What are hereditary traits?We may pass on inherited features to the next generation since they are encoded in our DNA. Examples include eye colour, height, skin tone, and hair colour. The differences that come from reproduction may be passed down across families, increasing the likelihood that entities will survive.Behaviors that are genetically handed down are referred to as inherited behaviours. We typically think of our genes determining things like our height, eye colour, and hair type and colour. However, we rarely think about our genes determining our conduct. This is in part due to the fact that the majority of our habits are learnt rather than inbred.As it relates to genetics, a trait is a unique quality about a person. Genes, environmental influences, or a mix of both can influence traits. Qualitative traits, like eye colour, can also be quantitative (such as height or blood pressure).
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Introduction: Research: What is cell differentiation? How does it lead to so many cell types and functions? Include a thorough description of how all cells begin and when am how they differentiate
Cell differentiation is the process by which cells become specialized in structure and function. All cells in the body, including nerve cells, muscle cells, and skin cells, begin as stem cells, which are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to develop into many different types of cells.
During development, stem cells undergo a series of changes that lead to their specialization. This process is driven by a combination of genetic and environmental signals. For example, a stem cell in the developing brain may receive signals that tell it to become a neuron, while a stem cell in the developing heart may receive signals that tell it to become a heart muscle cell.
Differentiation occurs through a process called gene expression, in which certain genes are activated or turned on, while others are turned off. The combination of active and inactive genes determines the cell's structure and function. For example, a muscle cell will express genes that encode proteins needed for contraction, while a neuron will express genes that encode proteins needed for transmitting electrical signals.
Differentiation also involves changes in the cell's shape and organization. For example, a stem cell may differentiate into a nerve cell by extending long, branching processes called axons and dendrites, which are used for communication with other cells. Similarly, a stem cell may differentiate into a muscle cell by forming long, thin filaments called myofibrils, which are used for contraction.
Cell differentiation is a complex and highly regulated process that leads to the diversity of cell types and functions in the body. It is essential for the proper development and functioning of multicellular organisms.
These plants have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. There is one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall. Which plant or plants am I describing? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) 000000000 Ferns Cycads Selaginella Lycopodium Conifers Ginkgo Hornworts Mosses Angiosperms 3 pts Liverworts
The correct answers are: Ferns, Hornworts, Mosses, and Liverworts.
The plants that fit the given description are:
Ferns: Ferns have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. Ferns produce one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall.Horworts: Hornworts also have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. Hornworts produce one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall.Mosses: Mosses have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. Mosses produce one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall.Liverworts: Liverworts also have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. Liverworts produce one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall.Therefore, the correct answers are: Ferns, Hornworts, Mosses, and Liverworts.
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Pinto LC, Falcetta MR, Rados DV, Leitao CB, Gross JL. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Scientific reports. 2019:9:1-6.
The study titled "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis" by Pinto LC, Falcetta MR, Rados DV, Leitao CB, Gross JL was published in Scientific Reports in 2019 (volume 9, pages 1-6).
The research aimed to assess the potential association between the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and the risk of pancreatic cancer. Through a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis, the authors analyzed existing evidence on this topic.
However, without access to the full article, specific findings and conclusions cannot be provided. It's important to consult the full study for a comprehensive understanding of their research methodology and results.
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what are the parts of the male structure of a flower?
The parts of the male structure of flower have three parts stamen ,sepals and petals. Flowers are two types male flower and female flower . Two categories of flowers differ by bisexual (male flower + female flower) and asexual (male flower/female flower).
Male flower reproductive part is called stamen. Stamen having two parts anthor lobe (which is in the shape oval at the top) and filament (which supports anthor lobe having shape thin cylinder shape). Anther lobe having two pollen which is filled with pollen grains. Sepals are outer part of the flower which supports the flower and petals are protect reproductive parts of flower which is spectacular color.
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Developing countries, such as Ethiopia, are areas where there is low technological advancement and poor standard of living. A major issue in these countries is malnutrition, which means they do not have access to enough nutrients for their bodies to perform all their normal functions and can lead to higher death rates. Often individuals in these countries live primarily on a single staple grain such as rice. Children living in these conditions will have similar characteristics such as extremely thin arms and legs.
What key macromolecule might be missing from children in this condition?
Answer: protein
Explanation:
Elisa’s diabetes causes her to have lower than normal numbers of glucose molecules in her cells. You already wrote about how this makes her tired. Now, write an explanation that answers the question how could elisa's diabetes also affect her body’s ability to grow and repair cells? use the following sentence to start your explanation, or use a sentence of your own. Diabetes could affect how well elisa's cells can grow and repair themselves. Word bank glucose oxygen cellular respiration amino acid protein energy.
Diabetes in the disease where cell's ability to uptake glucose efficiently is affected. As a result the cell will not able to produce energy by glucose breakdown and then whole process of performing cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen will shut down. Thus is the reason why the cell will not be able to produce the necessary proteins for body's growth and repair.
Diabetes is of two types. Diabetes 1 is the insulin-dependent diabetes where the body does not produce enough insulin. Diabetes 2 is the inability of the body cells to uptake glucose efficiently.
Cellular respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to yield energy for the cells. This energy is essential to perform the various functions of the cell and make it living.
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I’LL MARK BRAINLIEST
make a claim for how the cell cycle relates to the growth and maintenance of organisms
Every living thing is made up of cells. If cells did not exist, there would be no life.
Answer:
Most tissues of the body grow by increasing their cell number, but this growth is highly regulated to maintain a balance between different tissues. In adults most cell division is involved in tissue renewal rather than growth, many types of cells undergoing continuous replacement.
The multiplying of cells helps the body to either fight diseases or to keep up with the growth of adolescents all the way to adults.
Explanation:
Hope that helps
The basic objective of the layout decision is to __________. conform to manager preferences arrange activities in a line according to the sequence of operations needed minimize the number of nonadjacent loads ensure a smooth flow of work, material, people, and information through the system
The basic objective of the layout decision is to ensure a smooth flow of work, material, people, and information through the system.
This involves strategically arranging activities in a way that minimizes the number of nonadjacent loads and conforms to manager preferences, but ultimately the goal is to create an efficient and effective layout that allows for optimal productivity and workflow. Achieving this requires careful consideration of the sequence of operations needed. The basic objective of the layout decision is to ensure a smooth flow of work, material, people, and information through the system. This is achieved by organizing activities in an efficient manner, minimizing nonadjacent loads, and considering the sequence of operations required. While manager preferences may play a role, the main focus is on optimizing workflow and overall efficiency.
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the term meaning the degeneration of muscle tissue is
How did cyanobacteria aid the evolution of complex life on land? Do you think cyanobacteria are as significant to this process today as
they were during Precambrian time?
NEED ASAPPPP ITS TIMED
Cyanobacteria are one of the most ancient groups of photosynthetic organisms. They played a critical role in the evolution of complex life on land by producing oxygen. They are also known as blue-green algae. They have existed on Earth for more than 3.5 billion years and played an essential role in creating Earth's oxygen-rich atmosphere. The emergence of cyanobacteria marks a significant point in Earth's evolution.
The presence of oxygen allowed for the development of complex organisms, including plants and animals. Cyanobacteria aided the evolution of complex life on land by their ability to photosynthesize. They were the first organisms to evolve a complex process that enabled them to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose.
This process is known as photosynthesis, and it is responsible for the oxygen-rich atmosphere of our planet. Cyanobacteria were the first photosynthetic organisms to produce oxygen. During Precambrian time, cyanobacteria produced more oxygen than any other organism. They were responsible for oxygenating Earth's atmosphere and allowing for the evolution of aerobic organisms.
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Mechanisms of Evolution [7C. S, 7D. S, 7E. R, 7F. S]:Question 3
A desert plant has developed sharp, needle like leaves that cover its
surface. His adaptation would be an example of natural selection if it
helps the plant-
Select one:
O
survive and undergo mutations in their DNA
reduce the rate of evaporation from its leaves
reproduce and increase the frequency of their genes in the population
el
increase its life span and grow larger
The adaptation of developing sharp, needle-like leaves in a desert plant would be an example of natural selection if it helps the plant reduce the rate of evaporation from its leaves.
In the harsh desert environment, water is scarce, and plants face the challenge of preventing excessive water loss through evaporation. The development of sharp, needle-like leaves is an adaptation that can help the plant reduce water loss by minimizing the surface area exposed to the dry air and reducing the flow of air over the leaf surface.
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TRUE/FALSE. Crossing over is the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and results in decreased genetic variability in offspring.
FALSE. Crossing over is the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and results in increased genetic variability in offspring.
True/False: Crossing over is the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and results in decreased genetic variability in offspring.
Answer: False. Crossing over is indeed the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes, but it actually results in increased genetic variability in offspring. This process allows for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, creating new combinations of alleles in the resulting gametes. This increased genetic diversity contributes to the adaptation and evolution of species over time.
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FALSE. Crossing over is the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and results in increased genetic variability in offspring. During crossing over, sections of DNA are exchanged between homologous chromosomes, resulting in new combinations of genetic material.
This process is one of the main sources of genetic diversity in sexually reproducing organisms. Therefore, crossing over actually increases the genetic variability in offspring, rather than decreasing it.
The statement "Crossing over is the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and results in decreased genetic variability in offspring" is FALSE. Crossing over does involve the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. However, it leads to an INCREASE in genetic variability in offspring, not a decrease. This process allows for the exchange of genetic material between the maternal and paternal chromosomes, creating new combinations of alleles, which results in greater genetic diversity among the offspring.
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Part C
What did the author mean when he said that summer storms can "snap" a heat wave? Why was the word snap used?
Answer:
because it can change in an instant
Explanation:
Answer:
The word snap was used because summer storms can end heat waves very quickly by bringing in colder temperatures.
Explanation:
Plato sample answer
Which is the most common isotope of helium
Answer:
Helium-4
Explanation:
I hope it helped you
Answer:
Hey there!
Helium-4 Is the most common isotope of Helium.
Hope this helps :)
1. one of a botanist's hybridization experiments with peas yielded 752 offspring with 195 of those peas (or 26 %) having yellow pods. according to genetic theory, 25% of the offspring peas should have yellow pods. does the result have statistical significance? does the result have practical significance? explain
The result of the botanist's hybridization experiment with peas can be evaluated for both statistical and practical significance.
The probability that a result is not the result of chance or random variation but rather represents a true difference or effect is known as statistical significance. The botanist can use a statistical test, such as a chi-squared test or a t-test, to compare the observed proportion of yellow pods (26%) to the expected proportion (25%), in order to evaluate statistical significance. A low p-value indicates that the difference between the observed and anticipated proportions is statistically significant and not the result of chance if the test yields one (often less than 0.05).
Practical significance is the significance or applicability of the conclusion in terms of the real world. Even while the outcome in this instance might be statistically significant, it might not have any practical value. The observed and expected proportions of yellow pods varied by about 1%, which is not very much and would not have a big effect on the botanist's research or comprehension of the biology of the pea plants.
the botanist's experiment's outcome might be statistically significant, but it might not have any real-world implications. To fully understand the significance and effect of the result, more investigation would be required, including additional experiments and observations.
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The photograph shows an alarm clock ringing.
What is the medium for the sound waves?
O A. Air
O B. Rocks
O C. Water
D. Ears
Answer:
I'm pretty sure the answer is A
33. Diagram meiosis in an animal with four pairs of chromosomes. Include all the phases and important events, including DNA replication, and crossing over. Be sure to indicate which cells are haploid and which are diploid.
The diagram illustrating meiosis is attached.
What is meiosis?In sexually reproducing organisms, meiosis is a type of cell division that results in a reduction in the number of chromosomes in gametes (the sex cells, or egg and sperm). Body (or somatic) cells in humans are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes (one from each parent)
Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the production of four gamete cells and a 50% reduction in the number of chromosomes in the parent cell. To produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction, this process is necessary. Cells go through prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase during each round of division.
Interphase: The DNA in the cell is copied resulting in two identical full sets of chromosomes.
Prophase: Each chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids containing identical genetic information.
Metaphase: The chromosome pairs line up next to each other along the center of the cell.
Anaphase: The meiotic spindle then separates the pair of chromosomes by pulling one chromosome to one pole and the other chromosome to the opposite pole of the cell.
Telophase and cytokinesis: The chromosomes complete their move to the opposite poles of the cell.
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How can someone reduce CO2 from being introduced into the atmosphere?
Group of answer choices
a photosynthesizing
b carpooling
c burning fossil fuels
d respirating
Answer:
It's B=carpooling
Explanation:
How does a sweating person maintain their water balance?
Answer: When you sweat you don't lose a ton of water, you can gain water back when the brain tells your body to ingest a fluid to help your body keep a steady rhythm
I've been struggling with this for a few hours. If someone could provide an answer I could greatly appreciate it!
Answer:
See explain
Explanation:
I gotchu. First, let's just remove A from the beaker and feed it to a rat. If he lives, the poison is A, if not it's still in one of the 3. Now, remove B and feed to a rat. If he dies, it's not B or A . . . so on until you have your answer.
Answer:
Looking at the substances with a telescope or the smell if it smells bad it might be poison
Explanation:
List the inputs of photosynthesis
List the outputs of photosynthesis
Explain the difference between carbon dioxide(CO2) and carbon monoxide(CO)
How does carbon dioxide get into a tree? Be specific
What is the name of the structure inside plant cells where photosynthesis happens?
The inputs of photosynthesis include carbon dioxide, sunlight and water, while the outputs of photosynthesis include oxygen and glucose (questions 1 and 2). The difference between carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide photosynthesis is that the second molecule contains only one carbon, and carbon dioxide enters the plants through stomata which are specialized structures for gas exchange (questions 3 and 4). Finally, the structure inside plant cells where photosynthesis happens is the chloroplasts, which are organelles that contain chlorophyll (question 3).
What is the process of photosynthesis?
The process of photosynthesis is a series of metabolic pathways in which the plant cell can generate simple carbs such as glucose in presence of oxygen and solar radiation, which mainly occurs in the chloroplasts of cells.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the process of photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts and produces glucose, which is a source of biomass and chemical energy.
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What sediments are moved to create stalactites?
Limestone rock sediments create stalactites.
What are stalactites ?They are icicle-shaped deposits that appear where water has dissolved limestone above and subsequently placed calcium carbonate along cave ceilings or floors. In ceilings, stalagmites grow and hang downward.
How stalactites are formed ?Chemical sedimentary rocks are produced as a result of precipitation or the development of new minerals in water. Large sedimentary structures like stalactites and stalagmites, which grow in caves, can be produced by precipitation.
When rainwater drips through limestone rock, stalagmites and stalagtites are created. According to the National Park Service, it gathers up carbon dioxide as it travels by from the air and whatever organic materials it passes as it drips down.
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Deer are mammals, which means all deer are covered in fur. Deer live in many different environments, and all deer have fur all year round. In the winter, deer grow thicker fur coats to help keep them warm. Which of these traits is inherited? Which is acquired?
Fur is an inherited trait of deers, but growing thick fur coats in winter may be an adaptive trait.
Inherited and acquired traitsInherited traits are dictated by genes while acquired traits are not backed by any gene.
Traits may be acquired as a result of a continued adaptation of organisms in order to survive in an environment.
However, some traits evolve by natural selection as organisms continue to struggle in their environments. Such traits are selected for by forces of natural selection and have genes that condition them.
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Answer:
A fur coat is an inheirted trait. A thick winter coat is an acquired.
Explanation:
inheirted means from their parents of by birth.
acquired is something where we learn from of that happens by the inviorment, or needs.
So, a fur coat is inheirted deers almost need it all the time since birth. And a thick winter coat deers only need for winter so its acquired.
hope it helps byeeee.