You are interested in the causal relationship between an exercise program and educational achievement as measured by GPA. Group GPA Excercise Program 3.4 No Excercise Program 3.1 a. Can this information provide you an estimate of the causal effect of exercise on GPA? Explain. b. Provide an argument for why the estimate would be biased upward? c. Provide an argument for why the estimate would be biased downward? d. Describe an ideal experiment to estimate the causal relationship (5 sentences maximum).
Answers
a. This information alone cannot provide a reliable estimate of the causal effect of exercise on GPA.
b. An argument for why the estimate would be biased upward is that students
c. An argument for why the estimate would be biased downward is that there may be students in the no-exercise program who engage in exercise outside of the program.
d. An ideal experiment to estimate the causal relationship between exercise and GPA would involve randomly assigning students to either an exercise program or a control group (no exercise program).
a. While there is a correlation between exercise and higher GPA (i.e., those in the exercise program have a higher GPA than those not in the program), correlation does not necessarily imply causation. There may be other factors (confounding variables) that influence both exercise and GPA, making it difficult to isolate the true causal effect of exercise on GPA.
b. who participate in the exercise program may already have higher levels of motivation and self-discipline, which could also contribute to their higher GPA. Therefore, the observed correlation between exercise and GPA may be due, at least in part, to these other factors rather than exercise itself.
c. which would make the difference between the two groups smaller than it would be if only program participation was considered. This would underestimate the true causal effect of the exercise program on GPA.
d. The groups would be similar in all other respects (e.g., age, sex, prior GPA). The study would be double-blind, so that neither the students nor the researchers are aware of which group a student is in. The study would need to be conducted over a long enough period to allow for changes in GPA to occur (e.g., a full academic year).
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Related Questions
if the Moon is over the same spot on Earth only once per day, why are there two high tides per day?
Answers
Answer:
It's what's left over after removing the Moon's average gravitational pull on the whole planet from the Moon's specific gravitational pull at each location on Earth.
Answer:
When the moon is over a spot on the earth, the gravitational pull causes the high tide. Just the same, when the moon is on the other side of the planet, the water rises. The water that isn't in direct contact is being compressed by the gravitational pull, causing the water facing the moon, and the water on the direct opposite side of earth to bulge.
Explanation:
Which was NOT a way that freedom of speech was limited in Texas during World War I?
a.
Criticizing the government became a crime
b.
Professors were fired for disagreeing with the war effort
c.
High schools dropped German as a class
d.
Protestors were encouraged to disagree with the U.S. government
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
Answers
Answer:
d. Protestors were encouraged to disagree with the U.S. government
Explanation:
During World War I, freedom of speech was limited in many different places of the United States. The government believed that, if speech was not limited, many people would tend to disagree with the government. This could cause demotivation, making the war effort even harder. Some of the ways in which speech was restricted in Texas was by making criticism of the government a crime, firing professors who disagreed with the war effort, and dropping German from the high school curriculum.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Plz help!
Write a DBQ answer on whether or not the Guptic Empire was in its GoldenAge?
Answers
Answer:
Prosperity in the Gupta Empire initiated a period known as the Golden Age of India, marked by extensive inventions and discoveries in science, technology, engineering, art, dialectic, literature, logic, mathematics, astronomy, religion, and philosophy. The Gupta Empire saw a vast range of scientific and cultural achievements. To the chagrin of many high school math students, trigonometry and geometry got their start during this golden age. And Guptan mathematicians developed the concept of zero and the number system. Other major contributions from this era helped improve human health. Not only did scientists and doctors expand the alternative system of medicine called Ayurveda, but they also improved surgical practices and helped popularize vaccinations. Gupta Emperors followed a model of decentralized administration. They organized a hierarchy of officials exercising imperial authority in different parts of the country to help them systematically control their territories. There was a five tiered administration system in the regions which were under the direct control of the Gupta Empire. The hierarchy began at the imperial level with the Emperor and his Mantriparishad, or Council of Ministers; led by a Pradhan Mantri, or Prime Minister. The Gupta Period, among other things, was marked by economic prosperity and stable governance. There was abundant food with crops harvested twice a year. Several industries flourished and goods were exchanged within the empire as well as exported to other regions around the world. Urban centres; like Ujjian, Prayaga, Banaras, Gaya, Pataliputra and Ayodhya; experienced bustling trade and prosperity with people maintaining a high standard of living. Law and order was maintained through the empire. The Gupta period thus is generally regarded as a classic peak and golden age of North Indian art for all the major religious groups. The vast majority of surviving works from the period are religious sculpture; mostly in stone but some also in metal or terracotta. These sculptures include beautiful depictions of Hindu Gods and Goddesses; large scale depictions of Buddha; and Jain tirthankara figures. The Indian numerals, the first positional base 10 numeral system in the world, was transferred to China and back to the Middle East, and continued to migrate for another few centuries before finally reaching Europe. Much of the mathematical achievements in the world have come about due to the Indian numeral system and the concept of zero that it uses. Aryabhatta, a mathematician and astronomer active during the Gupta Period, is usually credited with this invention. Aryabhatta made numerous other contributions to mathematics.
Chapter 8 confederation to constitution crossword puzzle
Answers
noooo not crosswords i suck at them ;((
fllw ig drewrarefr i need people to talk to
why constitution is called the supreme law of the land?ASAP!!No copy paste!
Answers
when state constitutions or laws passed by state legislatures or the national Congress are found to conflict with the federal Constitution, they have no force.
please help i’ll give brainliest to whoever (this was due 4 weeks ago n grades r gonna be submitted)
Answers
The culture of Africa is diverse and multifaceted, made up of a variety of nations and tribes, each with a distinctive attribute specific to the continent. It is a result of the numerous ethnic groups that call Africa and the African diaspora home.
The second-largest and second-most populous continent is Africa.One of the most widely accepted theories regarding the term's origins is that it derives from the Roman name for a tribe that lived in Tunisia's northernmost region and is thought to possibly be the Berber people. The Romans gave these people the names "Afri," "Afer," and "Ifir," respectively.
Africa is the second-most advanced continent after Asia. It occupies 20% of the planet's land area and 6% of its overall surface area, with a total area of around 30.3 million km2 when includes nearby islands. As of 2021, it has 1.4 billion inhabitants, or nearly 18% of all people on Earth.
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b. Why is it important to study the female side of the family as well as the male?
Answers
It is important to study the female side of the family as well as the male to gain a comprehensive understanding of genealogy, history, and social dynamics within a family.
Studying the female side of the family provides a more complete and balanced perspective on familial relationships and dynamics. It allows for the recognition and acknowledgement of the contributions, experiences, and influences of women throughout generations.
By examining the lineage and stories of female ancestors, we can uncover valuable insights into the roles they played, the challenges they faced, and the impact they had on shaping family values, traditions, and cultural heritage.Moreover, studying the female side of the family helps to challenge and break down traditional gender biases and stereotypes. It promotes gender equality and empowers individuals by highlighting the diverse experiences and achievements of women in different historical periods.By understanding the experiences of both men and women in the family, we can develop a more nuanced understanding of social, cultural, and historical contexts, and gain a deeper appreciation for the interconnectedness and complexity of family narratives.
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What journey is like for refugees fleeing their homeland.Why is it often perilous, full of danger and risk?
Answers
Answer:
The journey for refugees fleeing their homeland can vary depending on their specific circumstances, the country they are fleeing from, and the route they take. However, it is often a perilous and dangerous experience due to several reasons:
1. Conflict and persecution: Many refugees are forced to leave their homes due to armed conflict, persecution based on their race, religion, nationality, political beliefs, or membership in a particular social group. These conditions make their homeland unsafe, and they have no choice but to flee in search of safety.
2. Lack of legal options: In some cases, refugees do not have access to legal channels to leave their country and seek protection in another. This forces them to take irregular and dangerous routes, such as crossing borders illegally or relying on human smugglers and traffickers. These routes often involve risks such as dangerous sea crossings, treacherous terrains, or overcrowded and unsafe transportation.
3. Perils during the journey: Refugees often have to travel long distances on foot or using inadequate modes of transportation. They face physical exhaustion, exposure to extreme weather conditions, lack of proper food and water, and the risk of accidents or injuries. They may have to cross mountains, deserts, or dangerous bodies of water, putting their lives at great risk.
4. Exploitation and violence: During their journey, refugees are vulnerable to exploitation, abuse, and violence. They can become targets for human traffickers, who may exploit them for labor, sexual exploitation, or organ trafficking. Women and children are particularly at risk of gender-based violence and exploitation.
5. Border controls and legal challenges: Refugees often face strict border controls, detention, and deportation when they reach their destination countries. They may have to navigate complex legal processes to seek asylum, and they may not always receive fair and timely consideration of their claims. These challenges can lead to prolonged periods of uncertainty and insecurity for refugees.
6. Hostile attitudes and xenophobia: Refugees may encounter hostility, prejudice, and xenophobia in both transit countries and potential destination countries. They may face discrimination, social exclusion, and barriers to accessing basic services such as healthcare, education, and employment.
It is important to recognize the courage and resilience of refugees who undertake these perilous journeys in search of safety and a better future for themselves and their families. Efforts to provide safe and legal pathways for refugees, addressing the root causes of displacement, and promoting international cooperation and compassion are crucial to ensuring their protection and well-being.
The journey that refugees undertake when fleeing their homeland is typically perilous and fraught with risk and danger. The reasons for this are many, and include the following:
Political instability in the country of origin: When there is political instability in a nation, people may be forced to flee their homes and seek refuge elsewhere. This instability can arise from a variety of factors, including civil wars, natural disasters, and government oppression.
Violent conflicts in the country of origin: Conflicts between different factions in a country can also result in refugees fleeing. This may be due to sectarian tensions, ethnic divisions, or other factors that make life unsafe for people in their home countries.
Natural disasters: Natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and hurricanes can displace large numbers of people, who are then forced to flee their homes in search of safety.
Discrimination and persecution: Some people may be forced to flee their homes because of discrimination or persecution based on their race, religion, or other factors that make them targets of violence or discrimination.
Lack of access to basic services: Some refugees may be forced to flee their homes because they lack access to basic services such as food, water, and medical care, which are essential for their survival.
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Which scenario describes a child in the prealphabetic phase?
a. a child who responds "Meow!" when asked, "What is the first sound in cat?"
b. a child who sees the word fast and sounds it out accurately
c. a child who sees the word inactive and figures out that it means "not active"
d. a child who comes across the new word house but reads it as horse
Answers
The scenario that best describes a child in the pre-alphabetic phase is a child who responds "Meow!" when asked, "What is the first sound in a cat?”. Hence, the correct option is (A).
What Is the Pre-alphabetic Phase?The pre-alphabetic phase is the earliest phase experienced by children in reading development. This phase occurs when a child does not understand the letters in the alphabet and also how to sound the letters verbally. However, in this phase children usually understand other symbols that are not related to letters, as when a child sees a picture of a Christmas tree, he already understands that it is a Christmas tree. In addition, in this phase, the child is also able to imitate sounds from around him. Therefore, when asked about the sound from the cat, the child will imitate the sound from the cat and say Meow!
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discuss two contributing factors that led to the government implementing human rights restrictions
Answers
Answer:
The following four sections will cover, broadly speaking, the most studied causes of human rights violations identified by researchers and practitioners: (1) Government Behavior and Structure; (2) Armed Conflict; (3) Economic Factors; and (4) Psychological Factors.
Ancient civlizations were all distinct with very little in common witheach other true or false
Answers
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Most ancient civilizations had a lot in common especially in the areas of arts, weaponry and development of water supply system. It depends on what specific timeline your looking for.
match these items
!. being forced to resign from congress
2. heads commitee
3. sees that party members know party position
4. committee that helps party whip
5. means TWO HOUSE
6. government recieves authority from "Consent of the____"
7. party meetings that decide party strategy
WORD BANK
governed
caucus
chairman
whip
bicameral
steering
expulsion
I will be giving brainliest to the first answer i see *PLEASE ANSWER CORRECTLY AND NOT JUST BC IM GIVING BRAINLIEST
Answers
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was a response to ?
Answers
A threat that was posed by The Soviet Union
Explanation:
A threat that was posed by The Soviet Union
Answer:
I believe the answer is that it was a response to the threat posed by the Soviet Union.
Explanation:
one of the main reasons why disorders of the elderly are getting more attention from researchers and clinicians is that:
Answers
One of the main reasons why disorders of the elderly are getting more attention from researchers and clinicians is that the population of the elderly is growing, and as people live longer, they are more likely to develop age-related health problems.
The number of elderly individuals is projected to increase significantly in the coming decades, which is expected to lead to an increase in the incidence of age-related disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, and cancer. This trend has prompted researchers and clinicians to focus more on understanding the causes and mechanisms of these disorders and developing effective treatments. Additionally, there is a growing awareness of the need to address the unique healthcare needs of the elderly, such as the need for preventive care, management of chronic conditions, and palliative care at the end of life.
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the most common style of interaction in intercultural marriages, the style, occurs when one partner abandons his or her own culture in favor of his or her partner's culture. compromise obliteration consensus immersion
Answers
Compromise is the most common form of interaction in intercultural marriages style, occurs when one partner abandons his or her own culture in favor of his or her partner's culture.
A compromise is a consensus between the two individual parties and each party give up the demand and decisions in a type of the agreement and these type of compromise often result in the negotiation and can be made when both the parties are agreed in the similar style of the interaction of events.
This situation can mostly be seen in intercultural marriages where the side preserving dominant culture and will force the other partner to manage or adjust according to his/her culture. Partner has to leave their own culture to fit in and compromise in the marriage and follow the dominant culture which the society also considers the right way.
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The closeness of meausured values to the accepted value is called A.accuracy b.precision c.replication d.repetition Please help
Answers
Answer:
A. accuracy
Explanation:
Accuracy defines that the value should be closest to a measured value to a known value.
In other words, the accuracy defines the correct value of a thing that is it can be a product or service that is to be offered by the company to the client.
Therefore according to the given scenario, the correct option is A.
how do you know when its time to run from your residential?
Answers
Answer:
Answer:
when you are told by the government
Identify two environmental issues in SWA.
Answers
2. Pollution
What are the type of countries according to developement of a country
Answers
Answer:
There is no established convention for the designation of "developed" and "developing" countries or areas in the United Nations system.
when and where was Mahatma Gandhi born
Answers
Answer:
He was born in October 2, 1869 In Porbandar present day Indian state of Gujarat
Explanation:
Porbandar is present day Indian state of Gujarat
Hope this helps :)
Answer: October 2, 1869 In Porbandar present day Indian state of Gujarat
Explanation:
What is the term used to describe the buildup of electric charges on an object?
The buildup of electric charges on an object is called
Answers
Answer:
static electricity
Explanation:
The buildup of electric charges on an object is called static electricity.
What is static electricity?Charged particles travel from one body to another in the electromagnetic phenomenon known as static electricity. It generally develops when both positive and negative charges are out of proportion.
Energy is the result of electrical charges combining. The electric force is the tension between two oppositely charged things. Charges develop on a surface due to static electricity; therefore do not flow constantly.
Once they identify a method to be unloaded or discharged, these charges may collect on an object's surface. A circuit is one method of releasing them. Some materials can exchange electrons or negative electrodes when they are rubbed against one another.
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________ words have only one meeting in python and cannot be used as variable names
Answers
Keywords have only one meeting in python and cannot be used as variable names
This is further explained below.
What is a keyword?Python keywords are distinct reserved terms that have defined meanings and applications, and these keywords can't be used for anything other than the purposes for which they were originally intended.
They are not used for anything else but the purposes that have been specified for them. It is not necessary for you to import these keywords into the code that you are now working on since they are always available to you.
There is a distinction to be made between the built-in functions and types that Python offers and the Python keywords.
In conclusion, Python only allows for one meeting per keyword, therefore they cannot be used for naming variables.
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For what reason was Salem Poor singled out?
Answers
Salem Poor was an African American soldier who fought in the American Revolutionary War and was singled out for his exceptional valor and remarkable achievements during the Battle of Bunker Hill.
As a former slave, Salem Poor purchased his freedom in 1769 and enlisted in the Massachusetts militia in 1775. Salem Poor demonstrated immense courage and skill in combat, playing a significant role in the defense of the strategically important Charlestown Peninsula. His contributions to the battle, including his part in neutralizing key British officers, were recognized by his fellow soldiers and officers, leading to a petition praising his gallantry being submitted to the Massachusetts General Court.
This petition, signed by 14 officers, highlighted his exceptional abilities and requested that he be acknowledged for his distinguished service. Such recognition was rare, especially for an African American soldier, making Salem Poor's accomplishments even more extraordinary.
In conclusion, Salem Poor was singled out for his exceptional bravery and crucial contributions during the Battle of Bunker Hill. His recognition was a notable exception in a time when African American soldiers faced discrimination and limited opportunities for advancement. His actions in the battle, combined with the endorsement from fellow soldiers and officers, secured his place in history as an important figure in the American Revolutionary War.
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what do you hate about yourself and why?
Answers
Answer:
my attitude
Explanation:
because I'm just normally like I don give a hell bout anything n I could be rude if anyone jus talked to me so like i don't want to change it since everyone hates me either ways
Most Incan poeple were
OA
O A) weavers
B) shepherds
C) farmers
OD nobles
Answers
Most common people were farmers.
There were no slaves in Inca society. Lower-class men and women farmed on government lands, served in the army, worked in mines, and built roads.
your psychology professor argues that personality is a collection of response tendencies that are tied to various stimulus situations. which of the following theories of personality is she presenting?
Answers
The theories of personality that she is presenting is behaviourism.
Behaviorism which also known as behavioral psychology is a theory of learning which states all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment through a process known as conditioning. Therefore, behavior is simply a response to environmental stimuli.
Psychology professor argues that personality is a collection of response tendencies that are tied to various stimulus situations. Here, the behaviourism is the theories of personality that is presenting here by her.
Therefore, the answer is behaviourism.
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Which indicators are most important when ranking the world's top tourism
destinations? (BUBBLE TWO)
International Tourist Arrivals
International Tourist Destinations
International Tourist Receipts
International Visitor Spending
Answers
When ranking the world's top tourism destinations, the most important indicators to consider are: 1. International Tourist Arrival, 2. International Tourist Receipts, 3. International Visitor Spending
The indicators are most important when ranking the world's top tourism1. International Tourist Arrivals: This indicator measures the number of international tourists visiting a particular destination. It provides an overview of the popularity and attractiveness of a destination to international travelers.
2. International Tourist Receipts: This indicator represents the total amount of money spent by international tourists in a destination. It reflects the economic impact of tourism and the level of tourism expenditure within a country.
3. International Visitor Spending: This indicator specifically focuses on the spending behavior of international visitors in a destination. It provides insights into the average expenditure per visitor and the potential economic contribution of tourism to the local economy.
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I will give brainiest!!! How did the 15th Amendment impact voting rights?
It prohibited the use of a poll tax to establish voting eligibility.
It prohibited the denial of voting rights based on race.
It extended voting rights to all property owners.
It extended voting rights to all literate men.
Answers
Answer:
the 15th amendment prohibited the denial of voting rights based on race.
Answer: It prohibited the denial of voting rights based on race.
Explanation: The 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." Although ratified on ...
The English created a system of
when they first colonized North America.
Answers
Answer:
They created a system of mercantilism
Explanation:
Mercantilism is a system that is designed to maximize exports of products while minimizing the import of a country. More higher exports usually means that the country will accumulate more wealth from their economic activity.
This was the intention of the English settlers when they colonized North America.
They obtained the resources that exist in North America by forcing the people to work for them. They English government act as de-facto employer and owner of the resources accumulated in the colony. They give the people in their colony with low labor and material price when they obtain it. Then, English government will transform that resources into finished product and sell it to other advanced country in a much higher price.
how can you think the introduction of the telephone affect the way americans conduct business
Answers
Before the telephone, people had to rely on more time-consuming methods of communication, such as sending letters or telegrams, or physically traveling to meet with someone in person. The telephone allowed people to communicate instantly and from a distance, which made it much easier for people to conduct business with one another.
The telephone also made it possible for people to work remotely or from home, which increased the flexibility and efficiency of business operations. It also allowed businesses to expand their reach and communicate with customers and clients located far away.
Overall, the telephone revolutionized the way people conduct business by making it easier and more efficient to communicate and transact with one another.