The fact that it aids in glucose stability, aids in glucose extraction and metabolism, and helps to regulate the pace of glucose metabolism.
The pentose phosphate pathway is a metabolic pathway that aids in the generation of ribose, which is required for nucleotide synthesis. The pathway also produces NADPH, which is required for reductive biosynthesis and the detoxification of oxidative agents in cells.
Glycolysis, on the other hand, is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. The energy generated by this pathway is used by the cell to fuel cellular processes. It is significant that the first step of both pathways involves glucose phosphorylation because glucose phosphorylation helps to stabilize glucose and prevents it from exiting the cell. It is also required to make glucose more easily accessible for subsequent metabolism by the cell, and to control the pace of glucose metabolism.
The last step of glycolysis involves the removal of a phosphate group to form pyruvate. This is significant because it produces ATP, which is the primary source of energy for the cell. Pyruvate can also be converted into other molecules, including acetyl-CoA, which can be used to fuel other metabolic pathways.In summary, the phosphorylation of glucose in the first step of both the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis is important because it stabilizes glucose, makes it more accessible for metabolism, and helps regulate the pace of glucose metabolism.
The removal of the phosphate group in the last step of glycolysis is significant because it generates ATP, which is the primary source of energy for the cell, and because pyruvate can be converted into other molecules to fuel other metabolic pathways.
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The floor beam in Fig. 1–8 is used to support the 6-ft width of a
lightweight plain concrete slab having a thickness of 4 in. The slab
serves as a portion of the ceiling for the floor below, and therefore its
bottom is coated with plaster. Furthermore, an 8-ft-high, 12-in.-thick
lightweight solid concrete block wall is directly over the top flange of
the beam. Determine the loading on the beam measured per foot of
length of the beam
The weight of the slab can be calculated by multiplying its area (6 ft width × thickness) by the unit weight of lightweight concrete, and the weight of the wall can be calculated by multiplying its area (6 ft width × thickness) by the unit weight of lightweight concrete blocks.
To calculate the loading on the beam per foot of length, we need to consider the weight of the concrete slab and the block wall. The weight of the slab can be determined by multiplying its area (6 ft width) by its thickness (4 in) and the density of lightweight concrete. The weight of the block wall can be calculated by multiplying its height (8 ft), thickness (12 in), and the density of lightweight solid concrete. By knowing the weights of the slab and block wall, we can determine the total load they impose on the beam per foot of length. However, without the specific weights and densities of the concrete materials, a precise calculation cannot be provided.
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1.3. If the surface tension coefficient of a fluid is 0,07 N/m and the radius
of the droplet is 2,5 mm. calculate:
1.3.1 surface tension force
(2)
1.3.2 difference in pressure of the droplet
(1)
Answer:
A) F = 0.011 N
B) ΔP = 5.6 N/m²
Explanation:
We are given;
surface tension coefficient; S = 0.07 N/m
Radius; r = 2.5 mm = 0.025 m
A) Formula to find the surface tension force(F) is given by;
F = SL
Where L is effective length = 2πr
F = 0.07 × 2π × 0.025
F = 0.011 N
B) Formula for difference in pressure droplet is;
ΔP = 2S/r
Thus;
ΔP = (2 × 0.07)/0.025
ΔP = 5.6 N/m²
7.1) (a) Find the torsional stiffness of the channel section shown. (b) Consider a structure for which t1 = % inch, 12 = 1 inch, b = 4 inches, a = 6 inches and G = 3x10' psi. Determine the angle of twist per unit length when the structure is subjected to a torque of 25,000 lb-ins, (e) If the total length of the structure of Part (b) is 6 ft, and the shaft is fixed at one end, determine the maximum angle of twist. What is the angle of twist at half- span? b
To find the torsional stiffness of the channel section, we can use the formula for torsional stiffness:
Torsional stiffness (k) = (4Gt1t2b^3)/(3a)
where:
G = Shear modulus of the material
t1 = Thickness of the flange
t2 = Thickness of the web
b = Width of the channel
a = Distance from the centroid of the channel to the extreme fiber
(b) Given the values:
t1 = 1 inch
t2 = 1 inch
b = 4 inches
a = 6 inches
G = 3x10^6 psi (Note: psi stands for pounds per square inch)
Substituting these values into the torsional stiffness formula, we get:
k = (4 x 3x10^6 x 1 x 1 x 4^3)/(3 x 6) = 2560000 lb-in/rad
(c) To find the angle of twist per unit length when the structure is subjected to a torque of 25000 lb-ins, we can use the formula for angle of twist:
θ = (Tl)/(Gk)
where:
T = Applied torque
l = Length of the structure
G = Shear modulus of the material
k = Torsional stiffness
Given the values:
T = 25000 lb-ins
l = 1 inch (since we are finding the angle of twist per unit length)
G = 3x10^6 psi (Note: psi stands for pounds per square inch)
k = 2560000 lb-in/rad (from part (b))
Substituting these values into the angle of twist formula, we get:
θ = (25000 x 1)/(3x10^6 x 2560000) = 3.32x10^-6 rad/in
(d) If the total length of the structure is 6 ft (72 inches), and the shaft is fixed at one end, the maximum angle of twist will occur at the free end of the structure. The angle of twist at the free end can be calculated using the formula:θ_max = (3TL)/(2Gk)where:
T = Applied torque
L = Length of the structure
G = Shear modulus of the material
k = Torsional stiffnessGiven the values:
T = 25000 lb-ins
L = 72 inches
G = 3x10^6 psi (Note: psi stands for pounds per square inch)
k = 2560000 lb-in/rad (from part (b))Substituting these values into the formula, we get:θ_max = (3 x 25000 x 72)/(2 x 3x10^6 x 2560000) = 0.059 rad(e) The angle of twist at half-span can be calculated by considering the total length of the structure, which is 6 ft (72 inches), and assuming that the angle of twist is uniform along the length. Since the structure is fixed at one end and free at the other, the angle of twist at half-span will be half of the maximum angle of twist.
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according to the authors of machine, platform, crowd, if you had an effective algorithmic model and a pool of human experts, which would lead to a superior decision making outcome? assume that the algorithmic model and the pool of experts have access to the same data.
The algorithm model functioning alone is anticipated to produce the best decision-making output.
What kind of algorithm would that be?The formula of making a cake, the strategy we employ to tackle a long division puzzle, the act of doing washing, and the operation of such a web browser are all common instances of algorithms.
What is the simple definition of an algorithm?An algorithm is a method for doing calculations or finding solutions to issues. Algorithms perform as a precise set of commands that carry out preset activities consecutively in either equipment or app routines. Algorithm play a big role in software development throughout the board.
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Determine the enthalpy, volume and density of 1.0 kg of steam at a pressure of 0.5 MN/m2 and with a dryness fraction of 0.96
Answer:
Enthalpy, hsteam = 2663.7 kJ/kg
Volume, Vsteam = 0.3598613 m^3 / kg
Density = 2.67 kg/ m^3
Explanation:
Mass of steam, m = 1 kg
Pressure of the steam, P = 0.5 MN/m^2
Dryness fraction, x = 0.96
At P = 0.5 MPa:
Tsat = 151.831°C
Vf = 0.00109255 m^3 / kg
Vg = 0.37481 m^3 / kg
hf = 640.09 kJ/kg
hg = 2748.1 kJ/kg
hfg = 2108 kJ/kg
The enthalpy can be given by the formula:
hsteam = hf + x * hfg
hsteam = 640.09 + ( 0.96 * 2108)
hsteam = 2663.7 kJ/kg
The volume of the steam can be given as:
Vsteam = Vf + x(Vg - Vf)
Vsteam = 0.00109255 + 0.96(0.37481 - 640.09)
Vsteam = 0.3598613 m^3 / kg
From the steam table, the density of the steam at a pressure of 0.5 MPa is 2.67 kg/ m^3
In the formula shown, k is a correction factor for nonideal mixing. In the worst case, k is usually estimated to be:_______. Cppm = KMRT/KQVPM * 10^6 (Select the best answer and then click 'Submit.) a. 0b. 0.1c. 0.5d. 1.0
Answer:
d. 1.0
Explanation:
Correlation identifies the relationship between two variables. In the given scenario there is strong relation between non ideal mixing. The correction factor can be between -1 to 1 depending on the intensity of the relationship and dependency. The non ideal mixing efficiency is highly dependent on the factors that govern it this means there is high intensity relation so the k is estimated to be nearly 1.
Return the Greatest String:
Given a Strings consisting of lower and uppercase letters. A good string is a string which doesn't have two adjacent characters s[1] and
s[i+1] where:
0<-1<-s. Length-2;
s[i] and s[i+1] is the same letter but in Uppercase and vice versa
To make the string good you can take any two adjacent that make the string bad and remove them. You can keep doing this until the string becomes good. Notice that an empty String is also a good String. Test Case 1:
Input: abBACC
Output:""
The output for this test case is an empty string, "".
The input string "abBACC" contains adjacent characters "B" and "A" that are the same letter but in different cases, making it a "bad" string. We can remove these characters to get the string "abCC". However, this string is still a "bad" string, as it contains adjacent characters "C" and "C" that are the same letter but in different cases. We can remove these characters to get the string "ab", which is a "good" string according to the given criteria.
To solve this problem, we can use a stack to keep track of the characters in the string. We iterate through the string, and if the current character is equal to the top element of the stack but in a different case, we pop the top element from the stack and skip the current character. Otherwise, we push the current character onto the stack. Finally, we construct a string from the remaining elements in the stack to get the final "good" string. If the stack is empty, the output is an empty string.
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Consider flow in between two parallel plates located a distance H from each other. Fluid flow is driven by the bottom plate moving to the right with a velocity of U (note, NO pressure gradient). The top plate has a fixed temperature of TT and the bottom plate has a temperature of Tb. Starting with the governing equations for incompressible flow, find the velocity profile and the temperature profile for the flow in between the plates. In addition, what is an expression for the heat flux at the bottom plate (assuming a thermal conductivity of k)
A platinum resistance temperature detector has a resistance of 100.00 V at 0°C, 138.50 V at 100°C and 175.83 V at 200°C. What will be the nonlinearity error in °C at 100°C if the detector is assumed to have a linear relationship between 0 and 200°C?
Answer:
about 1.54 °C
Explanation:
The error will be the difference between the temperature interpreted from the resistance value and the actual temperature. The linear equation used to translate the resistance reading to temperature will be ...
T = (200 -0)/(175.83 -100.00)(R -100.00)
T ≈ 2.637479(R -100)
At the temperature of 100°C, the resistance value of 138.50 will be interpreted to be a temperature of ...
T = 2.637479(138.50 -100) ≈ 101.543°C
This represents an error of 1.543°C relative to the actual temperature.
b) Explain how an isometric scale is used to draw an isometric drawing.
Consider a convergent-
Help this is very hard and I don't get it
Answer:
yes it is very hard you should find a reccomended doctor to aid in your situation. But in the meantime how about you give me that lil brainliest thingy :p
Signal sequences that direct proteins to the correct compartment are _________. (a) added to proteins through post-translational modification. (b) added to a protein by a protein translocator. (c) encoded in the amino acid sequence and sufficient for targeting a protein to its correct destination. (d) always removed once a protein is at the correct destination.
The answer to the question is (c), which is encoded in the amino acid sequence and is adequate to direct a protein to the right place.
Signal sequences that direct proteins to the correct compartment are encoded in the amino acid sequence and are sufficient for targeting a protein to its correct destination. Signal sequences are defined as a sequence of amino acids, usually located at the amino terminus of a protein, that helps to guide the protein to its appropriate location within or outside of the cell. They are made up of 15-60 amino acids and are usually located at the N-terminus of the polypeptide chain.
During translation, the signal sequence is recognized by a protein called a signal recognition particle (SRP). The SRP binds to the signal sequence, halts translation, and transports the nascent chain to a membrane-bound receptor. The receptor then inserts the protein into the membrane or transports it to its final location inside or outside of the cell. Therefore, choice (c) is the appropriate response. Enough to direct a protein to the desired location and encoded in the amino acid sequence.
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On some engines after torquing cylinder head fasteners you must
you must check that the head gasket is seated correctly and is not dislodged or slightly moved in some way or youl result in oil or coolant in the cylinders and loss of compression is possible to or a vacum leak in 1 or more cylinders
True or false? if i were to hook up an ac voltage source to a resistor, the voltage drop across the resistor would be in phase with the current in the circuit.
Answer: True
Explanation:
Warfare strategizing is a(n)
activity.
select the best answer from the choices provided.
oa. intellectually rigorous
ob. spiritually demanding
oc. physically tiring
od. intuitive
Warfare strategizing is an intellectually rigorous activity that requires careful planning and analysis.
It involves evaluating different options and potential outcomes, and making informed decisions based on the available information. This process can be challenging and complex, as it requires a deep understanding of military tactics and a keen sense of judgment. Despite the mental demands of strategizing, it is a critical component of warfare and plays a crucial role in achieving victory. Warfare strategizing is an activity best described as (a) intellectually rigorous. It requires a deep understanding of military tactics, extensive knowledge of the enemy's strengths and weaknesses, and the ability to make strategic decisions under pressure. While it may also be spiritually demanding, physically tiring, or intuitive, the primary characteristic of warfare strategizing is its intellectual rigor.
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what are the definitions for the following habitat
traits
pollination
ecosystem
Biosphere Ecology
Community Ecology
pollinators
plant reproduction
environment
pollen
chromosomes
heredity
ecology
DNA
Population Ecology
This is going to be a long one, here is all of the definitions:
Habitat - The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.
Traits - A distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.
Pollination - The transfer of pollen to a stigma, ovule, flower, or plant to allow fertilization.
Ecosystem - A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Biosphere Ecology - The regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth (or analogous parts of other planets) occupied by living organisms.
Community Ecology - A group of interdependent organisms of different species growing or living together in a specified habitat.
Pollinators - The organisms that pollinate plants, like a bee.
Plant Reproduction - The process by which plants generate new individuals, or offspring.
Environment - The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.
Pollen - A fine powdery substance, typically yellow, consisting of microscopic grains discharged from the male part of a flower or from a male cone.
Chromosomes - A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
Heredity - The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another. In other words, these traits cannot be changed.
Ecology - The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
Population Ecology - A community of animals, plants, or humans among whose members interbreeding occurs.
Which company produces comprehensive patch management software?
Quest
Motorola
Apple
Sony
the future of the earth. another way to look at the life of the earth is in problem 11b.10. this problem discusses the freezing of a spherical drop in terms of the solidification of a drop of wax. but with a slight (!) change of scale it also applies to the cooling of the earth. work only part a in problem 11b.10.
The rate at which the radius of the drop decreases can be expressed as -(η/C)(T-T_o).
What is radius?
Radius is a term used in geometry to describe the distance from the center of a circle to any point on its circumference. It is also used to describe the distance from the center of a sphere to any point on its surface. By definition, the radius of a circle is always equal to half of its diameter. The radius of a sphere is the distance between its center and its surface. The radius is a fundamental concept in geometry, and it is used to calculate the area and circumference of circles and the surface area and volume of spheres.
A spherical drop of wax is immersed in liquid wax and allowed to cool.
Part a: Find an expression for the rate at which the radius of the drop decreases as a function of time.
Solution: The rate at which the radius of the drop decreases is given by Newton's Law of Cooling:
Rate = -k(T-T_o)
where k is the thermal diffusivity of the wax, T is the temperature of the drop, and T_o is the temperature of the surrounding liquid wax. Assuming that the wax is Newtonian, the thermal diffusivity k can be found from the dynamic viscosity η and specific heat capacity C via
k = η/C.
Therefore, the rate at which the radius of the drop decreases can be expressed as
Rate = -(η/C)(T-T_o).
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In the given example, which type of interior designer is Sarah? Sarah is an interior designer. The state in which she resides applies practice acts to interior design professionals. Therefore, Sarah carries the title of a ____ interior designer.
Answer:
Sarah is a professional interior designer.
Therefore, Sarah carries the title of a _registered___ interior designer.
Explanation:
Some states require only the licensed designers to carry out interior designs, while some others allow both the licensed and unlicensed interior designers to carry on the work of interior designers. In the states where only the licensed designers are allowed to use the title of interior designer, they are registered after passing the state-prescribed examinations and meeting some professional experience requirements. The most common exam is the National Council for Interior Design Qualification (NCIDQ) examination, which only bachelor degree holders in interior design are allowed to sit for.
You are interested in looking at all flights to "STL". You want to know the total distance and the total hours flown by aircraft number for all flights to STL.AC_NUMBER Total Distance Total Hours1484P 980 6 4278Y 472 2.6
To find the total distance and hours flown by aircraft number for all flights to STL, simply sum up the distances and hours for each aircraft: 1484P has 980 miles and 6 hours, while 4278Y has 472 miles and 2.6 hours.
Explanation:
1. Identify the relevant data for each aircraft (AC_NUMBER, Total Distance, Total Hours)
- 1484P: 980 miles, 6 hours
- 4278Y: 472 miles, 2.6 hours
2. Add the total distances and hours for each aircraft to find the combined values:
- Total Distance: 980 + 472 = 1452 miles
- Total Hours: 6 + 2.6 = 8.6 hours
3. The resulting information for all flights to STL is:
- AC_NUMBER: 1484P & 4278Y
- Total Distance: 1452 miles
- Total Hours: 8.6 hours
The given data provides the total distance and total hours flown by each aircraft number for all flights to STL.
The first row of data shows that aircraft number 1484P has flown a total distance of 980 miles and a total of 6 hours in all flights to STL.
The second row of data shows that aircraft number 4278Y has flown a total distance of 472 miles and a total of 2.6 hours in all flights to STL.
This information can be useful for analyzing the performance of different aircraft on flights to STL, identifying any trends or patterns, and making decisions related to aircraft usage and maintenance.
Further analysis can be done by comparing the data with other factors such as fuel consumption, passenger load, and weather conditions, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the flights to STL.
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What term describes a catalytic converter as it reaches its effective temperature?
At time t = 0, a particle is at rest in the x‐y plane at the coordinates (x0, y0) = (6, 0) in. If the particle is then subjected to the acceleration components ax = 0.5 − 0.35t in./sec^2 and ay = 0.15t − 0.02t^2 in./sec^2. Determine the coordinates of the particle position when t = 6 sec. Plot the path of the particle during this time period.
Answer:
(0, 0.04)
Explanation: Given that At time t = 0, a particle is at rest in the x‐y plane at the coordinates (x0, y0) = (6, 0) in. If the particle is then subjected to the acceleration components ax = 0.5 − 0.35t in./sec^2 and ay = 0.15t − 0.02t^2 in./sec^2.
differentiate ax and ay twice. That is, second derivatives to get the position
dax/dt = − 0.35
d^2ax/dt^2 = 0
and
day/dt = 0.15 − 0.04t
d^2ay/dt^2 = 0.04
the coordinate of the particle after t = 6 sec will be (0, 0.04)
the graph will be linear
l
l
l\
l \
l---- \----------------------------------------------------------------------------
l
The big ben clock tower in london has clocks on all four sides. If each clock has a minute hand that is 11.5 feed in length, how far does the tip of each hand travel in 52 minutes?
Answer:
Updated question
The big ben clock tower in London has clocks on all four sides. If each clock has a minute hand that is 11.5 feet in length, how far does the tip of each hand travel in 52 minutes?
The distance traveled by the tip of the minute hand of the clock would be 62.59 ft
Explanation:
Let us assume the shape of the clock is circular.
the minute hand is equal to the radius = 11.5 ft
Diameter = radius x 2
Diameter = 11.5 x 2 = 23 ft
The distance traveled by the tip of the minute hand can be calculated thus;
the fraction of the circumference traveled by the minute hand would be;
52/60 = 0.8667
Circumference of the clock would be;
C = pi x d
where C is the circumference
pi is a constant
d is the diameter
C = 3.14 x 23
C = 72.22 ft
Therefore the fraction of the circumference covered by the minute hand would be;
72.22 ft x 0.8667 = 62.59 ft
Therefore the distance traveled by the tip of the minute hand of the clock would be 62.59 ft
The sections of piping immediately upstream and downstream of a primary flow measuring device are known as
The sections of piping immediately upstream and downstream of a primary flow measuring device are known as the "straight run."
The straight run refers to the lengths of piping that are required to be present immediately upstream and downstream of a primary flow measuring device. These sections of piping are necessary to ensure that the flow profile is fully developed and unaffected by any disturbances caused by bends, fittings, or obstructions in the pipe. The straight run allows the fluid to flow smoothly and uniformly before entering or exiting the flow measuring device, ensuring accurate and reliable measurements.
By providing sufficient straight run lengths, the flow profile becomes stable, minimizing turbulence and disturbances that could impact the accuracy of the flow measurement.
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Please let me know the answer up to three decimals
Answer: 00.9666
Explanation: I don't know if this is the correct answer but, this question should've been under "Mathematics" and not under "Engineering" hope this helps. Have a good day/night ^^
Energy- Rich produces two products, A and B, which have profits of $9 and $7, respectively. Each unit of product must be processed on two assembly lines, where the required production times are as follows:
Product Hours/Unit
Line 1 Line 2
A
12
4
B
4
8
Total hours 60
40
a. Formulate a linear programming model to determine the optimal product mix that will maximize profit.
(8
points)
b. Solve this model by using graphical analysis
(12 points)
The maximum profit of $180 is obtained by producing 20 units of product A and 0 units of product B.
a. Linear Programming Model:
Let us assume that x and y be the units of A and B, respectively, that are produced. Then, the linear programming model can be formulated as:
Maximize Z = 9x + 7y,
Subject to:2x + 4y ≤ 40(Assembly Line 1)4x + 8y ≤ 60(Assembly Line 2)x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0b.
Graphical Analysis:
Given below is the graph of the constraints for the given problem, To find out the solution graphically, we need to look at the vertices of the feasible region, and then choose the one that will maximize our objective function.
The coordinates of the vertices of the feasible region are,(0, 10), (6, 7.5), (15, 5), and (20, 0).
By substituting these values in the objective function, we get the following results:
(0, 10): Z = 7 × 10 = 70(6, 7.5): Z = 9 × 6 + 7 × 7.5 = 94.5(15, 5): Z = 9 × 15 + 7 × 5 = 150(20, 0): Z = 9 × 20 = 180
Hence, the maximum profit of $180 is obtained by producing 20 units of product A and 0 units of product B.
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2023 ariya has an available portable 120/240-volt evse cable that can be used for ________.
The portable 120/240-volt evse cable is used for standard charging connected to a 240-volt outlet and trickle charging when connected to a 120-volt outlet.
What do you mean by portable cable?A cable with multiple conductors that are used for temporary electrical power connections requires flexibility is called as a portable cord.
Portable cable is allowed for Standard charging connected to a 240-volt outlet and Trickle charging when connected to a 120-volt outlet. This is an outlet for charging that is added to the Ariya vehicle by the Nissan manufacturer.
hence, The portable 120/240-volt evse cable is used for standard charging connected to a 240-volt outlet and trickle charging when connected to a 120-volt outlet.
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this footwear may be designed to be electrically conductive or non-conductive:
The footwear may be designed to be either electrically conductive or non-conductive. Electrical conductivity in footwear is important in certain industries to protect workers from electrical hazards. If the workplace involves exposure to electricity, conductive footwear is required.
On the other hand, in industries where there is a risk of static electricity buildup, non-conductive footwear is necessary to prevent electrostatic discharge. The design of the footwear will depend on the specific needs of the industry and the hazards present in the workplace. Electrically conductive footwear is made with materials that allow electricity to flow through them, while non-conductive footwear is made with insulating materials that prevent the flow of electricity. In addition to their specific function, other factors such as comfort, durability, and slip resistance may also be taken into consideration in the design of the footwear.
ESD footwear is designed to control the buildup of static electricity in the body by providing a path for electrical discharge. They can be either electrically conductive or non-conductive depending on the specific requirements of the workplace or environment in which they are used. ESD footwear may be designed to be electrically conductive or non-conductive to control static electricity and provide a safe working environment.
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A cylindrical bar of metal having a diameter of 20.5 mm and a length of 201 mm is deformed elastically in tension with a force of 46300 N. Given that the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the metal are 60.5 GPa and 0.33, respectively, determine the following: (a) The amount by which this specimen will elongate in the direction of the applied stress. (b) The change in diameter of the specimen. Indicate an increase in diameter with a positive number and a decrease with a negative number.
Answer:
a) The amount by which this specimen will elongate in the direction of the applied stress is 0.466 mm
b) The change in diameter of the specimen is - 0.015 mm
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
(a) The amount by which this specimen will elongate in the direction of the applied stress.
First we find the area of the cross section of the specimen
A = \(\frac{\pi }{4}\) d²
our given diameter is 20.5 mm so we substitute
A = \(\frac{\pi }{4}\) ( 20.5 mm )²
A = 330.06 mm²
Next, we find the change in length of the specimen using young's modulus formula
E = σ/∈
E = P/A × L/ΔL
ΔL = PL/AE
P is force ( 46300 N), L is length ( 201 mm ), A is area ( 330.06 mm² ) and E is elastic modulus (60.5 GPa) = 60.5 × 10⁹ N/m² = 60500 N/mm²
so we substitute
ΔL = (46300 N × 201 mm) / ( 330.06 mm² × 60500 N/mm² )
ΔL = 0.466 mm
Therefore, The amount by which this specimen will elongate in the direction of the applied stress is 0.466 mm
(b) The change in diameter of the specimen. Indicate an increase in diameter with a positive number and a decrease with a negative number.
Using the following relation for Poisson ratio
μ = - Δd/d / ΔL/L
given that Poisson's ratio of the metal is 0.33
so we substitute
0.33 = - Δd/20.5 / 0.466/201
0.33 = - Δd201 / 20.5 × 0.466
0.33 = - Δd201 / 9.143
0.33 × 9.143 = - Δd201
3.01719 = -Δd201
Δd = 3.01719 / - 201
Δd = - 0.015 mm
Therefore, The change in diameter of the specimen is - 0.015 mm