Answer:
The theoretical yield of ammonia is 15 g.
Explanation:
The statements are:
2.8g of hydrogen are left over.
Hydrogen is the excess reactant.
Nitrogen is the limiting reactant.
The theoretical yield of ammonia is 15 g.
To solve this question we must find the moles of each reactant. Thus, we can find the limiting reactant. With limitinf reactant we can find the theoretical yield and the amount in excess of the reactant that is in excess:
Moles Nitrogen -28g/mol-
10.0g * (1mol / 28g) = 0.357 moles
Moles hydrogen -2g/mol-
5.0g * (1mol / 2g) = 2.5 moles
For a complete reaction of 0.357 moles of nitrogen are required:
0.357mol N2 * (3mol H2 / 1molN2) = 1.071 moles hydrogen.
As there are 2.5 moles of hydrogen, hydrogen is the excess reactant and nitrogen is the limiting reactant
The moles of hydrogen that are left over are:
2.5moles - 1.071moles = 1.429moles Hydrogen
The mass is:
1.429moles Hydrogen * (2g / mol) = 2.8g of hydrogen are left over
The moles of ammonia produced are:
0.357mol N2 * (2mol NH3 / 1molN2) = 0.714 moles of ammonia are produced (Theoretical moles)
The theoretical mass is (Molar mass NH3 = 17g/mol):
0.714 moles of ammonia * (17g / mol) =
12g of ammonia is the theoretical mass
The false statement is:
The theoretical yield of ammonia is 15 g.The false statement, when 10 g of nitrogen reacts with 5.0 g of hydrogen to produce ammonia is that the theoretical yield of ammonia is 15g.
How moles is calculated?Moles of any substance will be calculated as:
n = W/M, where
W = given mass
M = molar mass
Given chemical reaction is:
N₂(g) + 3 H₂(g) → 2 NH₃(g)
Moles of 10g of N₂ = 10/28 = 0.357 moles
Moles of 5g of H₂ = 5/2 = 2.5 moles
From the stoichiometry of the reaction:
1 mole of N₂ = react with 3 moles of H₂
0.357 moles of N₂ = react with 3×0.357=1.071 moles of H₂
Here nitrogen is the limiting reactant and hydrogen is excess reactant, and formation of ammonia depends on the limiting reactant.
1 mole of N₂ = react with 2 moles of NH₃
0.357 moles of N₂ = react with 2×0.357=0.714 moles of NH₃
Now we calculate the mass of ammonia from the given moles as:
M = (0.714) (17) = 12 g.
Hence, the false statement is that theoretical yield of ammonia is 15g.
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what volume, in l, of 0.415 m silver nitrate will be required to precipitate as silver bromide all the bromide ion in 35.0 ml of 0.128 m calcium bromide? 2 agno3(aq) cabr2(aq) ca(no3)2(aq) 2 agbr(s)
The volume (in mL) of 0.415M silver nitrate will be required to precipitate as silver bromide is 10.8 ml.
What is Molarity?
Molarity is defined as the amount of solute (in moles) per liter of solution.
M= n/v
It is also known as the molar concentration of a solution, It is expressed in mol/l.
where n is the number of moles
and V is the volume in liters.
We can rearrange this equation to get the number of moles:
n= M * V
The molarity of calcium bromide is 0.064 M and the volume given is 35 ml,
the moles will be n = 0.064 * 35 = 2.24 moles
2AgNO₃(aq) + CaBr₂(aq) → 2AgBr(s) + Ca(NO₃)₂(aq)
From the reaction we can see that for every 1 mole of Calcium Bromide 2 moles of Silver Nitrate are needed, so for 2.24 moles, 4.48 moles will be needed.
The molarity is given as 0.415 M and the number of moles is 4.48 so the volume required can be calculated from the above formula
V=n/M
V=4.48/0.415
V=10.8ml
Hence the volume (in mL) of 0.415M silver nitrate will be required to precipitate as silver bromide is 10.8ml.
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Which are the factors that favor SN2 reactions, as described in the lab lecture?
a) Strong nucleophile, good leaving group, polar protic solver, methyl or primary halide
b) Strong nucleophile, good leaving group, polar aprotic solvent, methyl or primary halide. c) Weak nucleophile, good leaving group, polar aprotic solvent, methyl or primary halide d) Strong nucleophile, poor leaving group, polar aprotic solvent, , tertiary halide.
e) Strong nucleophile, good leaving group, polar aprotic solvent, tertiary halide.
Strong nucleophile, good leaving group, polar aprotic solvent, methyl or primary halide. The correct answer is option: b.
In an SN2 reaction, a nucleophile attacks the carbon atom to which the leaving group is attached, while the leaving group departs from the molecule. The reaction proceeds in a single step, with the nucleophile and leaving group involved in the transition state. A strong nucleophile is required to attack the carbon atom, and a good leaving group is necessary to depart from the molecule. Methyl or primary halides are preferred substrates because they are less hindered, making the attack by the nucleophile easier. Option b is correct.
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Practice 55
Which hydrate contains the greatest
percent of water by mass?
1) LiCl H₂O
2) CaCl₂ 2H₂O
3) CuSO4 5H₂O
4) FeBr3 6H₂O
CaCl₂ 2H₂O contains the greatest percent of water by mass By halving the hydrate's formula , one may compute the theoretical (real) percent hydration.
What does it mean to hydrate?To provide with enough liquid or moisture; to make to occupy or mix with water or indeed the constituents of water. softens and moisturizes the skin. the intransitive verb "to hydrate"
What is a better hydrator than water?Milk is one of finest liquids for hydration, according to research, even more than water or caloric beverages. Researchers attribute milk's efficiency to its protein, carbs, and natural electrolytes.
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The molar mass is the mass of which of the following? (check all that apply)the mass of a substance per molethe average atomic mass unitsthe g/mol of a substance6.0221 x 10^23 particles of a substance
The molar mass is the mass of which of the following?
The mass of a substance per mole and the g/mol of a substance is correct.
The molar mass of a substance is the mass per mole of its entities (molecules, atoms, ions, etc)
6.0221x10^23 particles of a substance is also correct. The mole contains 6.022 x 1023 entities. The number of entities in a mole is called Avogadro's number.
Answer:
The mass of a substance per mole
The g/mol of a substance
6.0221 x 10^23 particles of a substance
What is the systematic name of HNO2?
Nitrous acid is the chemical name for HNO₂ and it is its systematic name.
Nitric acid has the chemical formula HNO₃. Compared to nitrous acid, it is more potent and stable. This is due to the fact that its conjugate base is more stable than that of nitrous acid. H₂N₂O₂ is the chemical formula for hyponitrous acid. HNO₂ is a wobbly, unstable, and mildly acidic substance. It is sometimes referred to as a nitrogen oxoacid. Its molecular weight is 47 g/mol. HNO₂ has a boiling point of 158°C.
Nitrous acid is commonly produced by acidifying nitrite salt with mineral acid. As a result, nitrous acid is the chemical term or the systematic name for HNO₂.
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How many atoms are present in a Neon molecule? *
Answer:
Neon molecule does not exist.
Explanation:
Neon is denoted by Ne which is noble gas. According to the "Molecular Orbital Theory", only those molecules exist that have a positive bond order and molecules with no bond or negative bond order cannot exist.
would it make any difference if the methylene chloride solution containing both the basic and neutral components was washed with 1m sodium hydroxide rather than 1m hydrochloric acid? if so, what would that difference be? would any layer separation be possible in the new solution? would it be possible to isolate the two components from one another using 1m sodium hydroxide rather than 1m hydrochloric acid? why or why not? provide a balanced equation to justify your answer.
No, it is ludicrous and not possible to separate and detach a basic and neutral compound by 1M NaOH in DCM. This is due to the fact that neutral compounds don't respond and react with NaOH, and NaOH itself occurs to be a base.
Uses for sodium hydroxide, often known as NaOHIt is employed in the production of detergents and soaps.It is employed in the creation of chlorine that is similar to bleach.It is a component of drain cleaners.The municipal water treatment facility employs it to remove heavy metals from the water.It serves as a barrier against the formation of mold and bacteria in food preservatives.It is employed in canning.It is employed in the production of paper as well as the recycling of paper.Why does soap contain sodium hydroxide?It is used in the manufacture of soap, not for shaving. Triglycerides from oil and fat combine with sodium hydroxide to create fatty acid glycerol and sodium salts, which are then converted into soaps. Due to its high causticity, surplus sodium hydroxide must be extracted carefully.
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Calculate the quantitative concentration of HCl in the solution if in the reaction of 500 cm3 the solution with AgNO3 produces 0.7 g of AgCl AgNO3 + HCl -------> AgCl + HNO3
Answer:
9.77x10⁻³M HCl
Explanation:
Assuming the solution of AgNO₃ is in excess:
Based on the chemical equation:
AgNO₃ + HCl → AgCl + HNO₃
We must find the moles of AgCl that will be produced. With the moles and knowing 1 mole of AgCl is produced from 1 mole of HCl we can find the moles of HCl and its concentration as follows:
Moles AgCl -Molar mass: 143.32g/mol-:
0.7g AgCl * (1mol / 143.32g) = 4.88x10⁻³moles AgCl = Moles HCl
As the volume of the solution is 500cm³ = 0.500L, the concentration of HCl is:
4.88x10⁻³moles HCl / 0.500L =
9.77x10⁻³M HClIf an atom has 16 protons, 14 neutrons, and 18 electrons. What is the charge of the nucleus?
Answer:
The charge of nucleus will be +2.
Explanation:
Given that,
Proton = 16
Neutron = 14
electron = 18
We know that,
Atomic number :
The number of proton in the nucleus is equal to the atomic number.
The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons for neutral atom.
So, the atomic number is same as the number of electrons.
Here, the number of electron is more than 2 of number of proton.
Hence, The charge of nucleus will be +2.
Why and how does atom change during time
Adding or removing protons from the nucleus changes the charge of the nucleus and changes that atom's atomic number. So, adding or removing protons from the nucleus changes what element that atom is
which statement regarding the chemical grooming of pyruvate is false? which statement regarding the chemical grooming of pyruvate is false? each pyruvate molecule has a co2 added and then joins with an nadh
The statement that is false regarding the chemical grooming of pyruvate is "each pyruvate molecule has a CO2 added and then joins with an NADH.
Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis that further undergoes chemical grooming in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP. The complete oxidation of glucose produces a total of 36-38 ATPs per molecule.
Pyruvate is oxidized to produce Acetyl-CoA. During this process, the carboxyl group of pyruvate is removed and given off as CO2. This is known as decarboxylation.
The remaining 2-carbon molecule is then oxidized by the removal of electrons by the NAD+ which is reduced to NADH. This is called oxidative decarboxylation, and its purpose is to prepare the substrate for energy production.
The correct statement regarding the chemical grooming of pyruvate is, "Each pyruvate molecule loses a CO2 molecule and then joins with a coenzyme A to form acetyl-CoA, producing an NADH molecule."
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The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure on the surface of the liquid. The heat of vaporization of ethanol is 838 joules per gram.
A sample of ethanol has a mass of 65.0 grams and is boiling at 1.00 atmosphere. Calculate the minimum amount of heat required to completely vaporize this sample of ethanol.
The heat required to vaporize the ethanol is 54.47 kJ.
What heat is required to vaporize the ethanol?We know that the heat of vaporization would have to do with the heat that is required so as to be able to change the state of the object. It is the heat that is required so as to enable the phase to be changed from liquid to gas phase.
H = mL
H = heat required
L=Heat of vaporization
m = mass of the liquid
H = 65 g * 838 joules per gram
H = 54.47 kJ
The ethanol would be vaporized by 54.47 kJ. This is the heat that is required to vaporize ethanol from the calculation above.
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9. Identify which properties of each of the following elements make them ideal for their uses. KIU A (a) copper and aluminum for pots and pans (b) silver and gold for jewellery (C) argon in double-glazed windows for homes
Answer:
Each element has its own unique properties. Each contains a different number of protons and neutrons, giving it its own atomic number and mass number. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons that element contains. The mass number is the number of protons plus the number of neutrons of that element. Therefore, it is possible to determine the number of neutrons by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number.
Explanation:
Hope that helps you!
Each element has is own chemical and physical properties which make them unique and ideal for there uses.
What are properties?
Properties are defined as a characteristics of a particular substance that can observed in a chemical reaction.
There are mainly two types of properties
Chemical propertiesPhysical propertiesBoth the chemical and physical properties are different for each elements and compounds.
Each elements has different number of protons and neutrons that contains its own atomic number and atomic mass
Thus, each element has is own chemical and physical properties which make them unique and ideal for there uses.
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A 74. 0 gram piece of metal at 94. 0 C is placed in 120. 0 g of water in a calorimeter area 26. 5 C. The final temperature in the calorimeter is 32. 0 C. Determine the specific heat of the metal. Show your work by listing various steps, and explain how the law of conservation of energy applies to this situation
The specific heat of the metal, given the data from the question is 0.60 J/gºC
Data obtained from the question
The following data were obtained from the question:
Mass of metal (M) = 74 g
Temperature of metal (T) = 94 °C
Mass of water (Mᵥᵥ) = 120 g
Temperature of water (Tᵥᵥ) = 26.5 °C
Equilibrium temperature (Tₑ) = 32 °C
Specific heat capacity of the water (Cᵥᵥ) = 4.184 J/gºC
Specific heat capacity of metal (C) =?How to determine the specific heat capacity of the metal
The specific heat capacity of the sample of gold can be obtained as follow:
According to the law of conservation of energy, we have:
Heat loss = Heat gain
MC(T –Tₑ) = MᵥᵥC(Tₑ – Tᵥᵥ)
74 × C(94 – 32) = 120 × 4.184 (32 – 26.5)
C × 4588 = 2761.44
Divide both side by 4588
C = 2761.44 / 4588
C = 0.60 J/gºC
Thus, the specific heat capacity of the metal is 0.60 J/gºC
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Given: 12 - x = 20 - 5x
To Prove: x = 2
Answer:
12 - x = 20 - 5x
Add 5x on both sides,
12 - x + 5x = 20 - 5x
12 + 4x = 20
Subtract 12 on both sides,
12 - 12 + 4x = 20 - 12
4x = 8
Divide 4 on both sides,
4x / 4 = 8 / 4
x = 2
Hence proved.
If I make a salt solution that has 1 grams of salt and 9 grams of water the percentage of salt in my solution is _____.
Group of answer choices
1%
10%
90 %
9%
Answer:
10%
Explanation:
We make observations by using our senses or scientific equipment.
false
true
nitrogen gas reacts with oxygen gas to produce nitrogen dioxide gas
Answer:
answer is nitrogen dioxide
nh4no3, whose heat of solution is 25.7kj/mol, is one substance that can be used in cold pack. if the goal is to decrease the temperature from 25.0 c to 5.0 c, how many grams of nh4no3 should we use for every 100.0 g of water in the cold pack? assume no heat was lost outside of cold pack, and the specific heat of the resulted solution was the same as water
Mass of NH4NO3 use for every 100 g of water is 32.56g.
Calculation:-
m = 100.0 g
dT = 50 -25 = 25 oC
Cp = 4.184 J / oc g
Q = m Cp dT
Q = 100 x 4.184 x 25
Q = 10460 J
Q = 10.46 kJ
delta H = Q / n
25.7 = 10.46 / n
n = 10.46 /25.7
n = 0.407
moles of NH4NO3 = 0.407
mass of NH4NO3 = moles x molar mass
= 0.407 x 80
= 32.56 g
mass of NH4NO3 needed = 32.56 g
If you are using an already-used instant cold pack strain the liquid and evaporate until dry. The crystals are ammonium nitrate. Dissolve 80 grams of ammonium nitrate in 70 milliliters of hot water. This will take some time, so please be patient. Adding ammonium nitrate to water cools the mixture, a good example of an endothermic chemical reaction. An endothermic reaction occurs at the moment the substances come into contact with each other.
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Gold's natural state has a definite shape and a definite volume. What is gold's natural state(s)?
O solid
liquid
ОООО
solid or gas
O liquid or gas
Answer:
Solid
Explanation:
How many grams are there in 9.4 x 1025 molecules of H2?
Answer:
Mass = 312 g
Explanation:
Given data:
Number of molecules of H₂ = 9.4 × 10²⁵
Mass in gram = ?
Solution:
First of all we will calculate the number of moles of H₂.
1 mole of H₂ contain 6.022× 10²³ molecules
9.4 × 10²⁵ molecules × 1 mol / 6.022× 10²³ molecules
1.56× 10² mol
156 moles of H₂:
Mass in gram:
Mass = number of mole × molar mass
Mass = 156 mol × 2 g/mol
Mass = 312 g
how many o atoms are in ammonium acetate? how many o atoms are in ammonium acetate? 5 2 1 3 none of the above
There are 2 O atoms are in Ammonium acetate ( CH₃COONH₄ ).
Ammonium ( NH₄⁺ ) comes from Ammonia ( NH₃ ) :
NH₃ + H⁺ → NH₄⁺ ( Ammonium ion )
Acetate ( CH₃COO⁻ ) comes from Acetic acid ( CH₃COOH ) :
CH₃COOH → CH₃COO⁻ + H⁺
Ammonium acetate :
NH₄⁺ + CH₃COO⁻ = CH₃COONH₄
Here, Ammonium ion does not have any O atom and acetate have 2 o atoms,
0-O + 2-O = Total number of atom O
Total number of atom O = 2
So, the right option is B. 2, there are 2 O atoms are in Ammonium acetate ( CH₃COONH₄ ).
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How do you convert kilograms to pounds?
Answer: (1 Kilogram = 2.20462 pounds) . There are 2.2046226218 lb in 1 kilogram. To convert kilograms to pounds, multiply your figure by 2.205 for an approximate result. 1 kilogram is also equal to 2 lb and 3.27396195 oz. Working out a rough estimate in your head for converting to pounds and ounces may be tricky - remember that there are 16 ounces in a pound.
during a chemical reaction when the products of that reaction require less potential energy describe what happens to the surroundings?
If 42. 0 kj of heat is added to a 32. 0- g sample of liquid methane under 1 atm of pressure at a temperature of − 170 ∘c , what is the final state of the methane once the system equilibrates? assume no heat is lost to the surroundings. The normal boiling point of methane is − 161. 5 ∘c. The specific heats of liquid and gaseous methane are 3. 48 and 2. 22 j/g⋅k , respectively.
The final state of the methane once the system equilibrates is T = 458.53K
Total heat added, Q-42 kJ
mass of methane, m = 32 g
Initial temperature 170 °C=103 K
boiling point = - 161.5 °C=111.5 K
Heat required to raise the temperature upto boiling point,
q1 =m x cp x delta T
=32 x 3.48 x (111.5-103)
=946.56 J
= 0.94656 kJ
moles of methane = mass of methane/molar mass of methane =32g/16g/mol
=2moles
Heat required to change it to vapour form,
q2 = 2x = x delta H vap
= 2 x 8.20
= 16.4 kJ
Let the final temperature be T
Heat required to raise the temperature from 111.5 K to T,
q3= m x cp x delta T
=32 x 2.22 x (T-111.5)
= 0.07104 × (T-111.5)
Total heat added = q₁ +q2+q3
42= 0.94656 kJ + 16.4 kJ + 0.07104 × (T-111.5)
42=17.34656kJ+ 0.07104 × (T-111.5)
24.65344 = 0.07104 × (T-111.5)
347.03 T-111.5
T= 458,53 K
Hence, the final state of the methane once the system equilibrates is T = 458.53K
What do you know about methane?
Methane, dreary, scentless gas that happens bounteously in nature and as a result of specific human exercises. Methane is the least complex individual from the paraffin series of hydrocarbons and is among the most intense of the ozone depleting substances. Its synthetic recipe is CH4.
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. Choose a problem that could be tested using the scientific method. Once you have stated the problem, explain how you are going to set up the experiment to test the problem (procedure of experiment). Be sure to identify the independent, dependent, and controlled variables.
A problem that can be tested using the scientific method is the association between greenhouse gases and global warming, in this case, the dependent variable is the temperature, the independent variable is the amount of gas and the controlled variables may be the presence of non-greenhouse gases.
What is a controlled variable in an experiment?A controlled variable in an experiment is any conditions manipulated by the researcher that allow us to make comparisons regarding the change in the dependent variable.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that controlled variables in an experiment are useful to determine the extension of the change in the dependent variable.
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In the Haber Process, ammonia is synthesized from nitrogen andhydrogen:
N2 (g) + 3H2 -----> 2NH3(g)
ΔG at 298K for this reaction is -33.3 kj/mol. the valuef ΔG at 298 K for a reaction mixture that consists of 1.9 atmN2, 1.6 atm H2 and 0.65 atm NH3 is________.
a.) -3.86 x 103
b.) -1.8
c.) -7.25 x 103
d.) -40.5
e.) -104.5
The value of ΔG at 298 K for a reaction mixture containing 1.9 atm N2, 1.6 atm H2, and 0.65 atm, the answer is (a) -3.86 × 10^3.
NH3 can be calculated using the equation:
ΔG = ΔG° + RT ln(Q)
where ΔG is the standard Gibbs free energy change, ΔG° is the standard Gibbs free energy change at standard conditions, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and Q is the reaction quotient.
In this case, we are given ΔG° as -33.3 kJ/mol. To calculate Q, we need to use the partial pressures of the gases in the reaction mixture. The reaction stoichiometry tells us that the ratio of the partial pressures of N2, H2, and NH3 is 1:3:2. Therefore, we can write:
Q = (P(NH3))^2 / (P(N2) * P(H2)^3)
Plugging in the given values of P(N2) = 1.9 atm, P(H2) = 1.6 atm, and P(NH3) = 0.65 atm, we can calculate Q. Then, using the value of R = 8.314 J/(mol·K) and the temperature T = 298 K, we can substitute these values into the equation and solve for ΔG.
The calculated value of ΔG at 298 K for the given reaction mixture is approximately -3.86 × 10^3 J/mol. This value is equivalent to -3.86 kJ/mol. Therefore, the answer is (a) -3.86 × 10^3.
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whats the molar volume (of a solution)?
<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3
Answer:
Molarity can be used to calculate the volume of solvent or the amount of solute. The relationship between two solutions with the same amount of moles of solute can be represented by the formula c1V1 = c2V2, where c is concentration and V is volume.
<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3<3
A certain kind of fish in the ocean eats only algae a seal Easter fish then a bear eats the seal when the bear dies, it is recycled by bacteria. The second consumer in this scenario is the.
Answer:
The seal
Explanation:
This question depicts a typical food chain, which is the linear relationship that shows the transfer of energy from one organism to another. Every food chain consists of organism in trophic levels. One organism in each trophic level. The food chain starts with a PRIMARY PRODUCER, which is the algae in this case.
The fish is the PRIMARY CONSUMER because it feeds directly on the algae (producer). The secondary consumer is the SEAL, which feeds on the fish. The summarized food chain is as follows;
Algae → Fish → Seal → Bear → Bacteria
A fundamental equation of thermodynamics, the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation, is a linear equation that relates free energy change, AG, to absolute temperature, T. The equation is AG = AH -TAS, where AH is enthalpy change and AS is entropy change. Using the above equation, find AG at 400 K for a reaction in which AH = 61.0 kcal and AS = 0.020 kcal/K. 7. A cost equation is known to be y = 10x + 250, where x is the number of units produced and y is the cost in $. Find the total cost of producing 5 000 units. Round your answer to four significant digits (SD).
At 400 K, the free energy change (ΔG) for the reaction is 53.0 kcal. The total cost of producing 5,000 units is $50,250.
To find ΔG at 400 K using the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation, we need to substitute the given values of ΔH and ΔS into the equation.
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
Given;
ΔH = 61.0 kcal
ΔS = 0.020 kcal/K
T = 400 K
Substituting these values into the equation;
ΔG = 61.0 kcal - (400 K)(0.020 kcal/K)
ΔG = 61.0 kcal - 8.0 kcal
ΔG = 53.0 kcal
Therefore, at 400 K, the free energy change (ΔG) for the reaction is 53.0 kcal.
To find the total cost of producing 5,000 units using the cost equation y = 10x + 250, we need to substitute x = 5,000 into the equation.
y = 10x + 250
Given;
x = 5,000
Substituting x = 5,000 into the equation:
y = 10(5,000) + 250
y = 50,000 + 250
y = 50,250
Therefore, the total cost of producing 5,000 units is $50,250.
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