When do we make a virtual function "pure", demonstrate with program? What are the implications of making a function a pure virtual function?
Answers
A pure virtual function is declared with "= 0" in the base class and must be overridden in derived classes. It enforces implementation in derived classes and allows for polymorphism and a more flexible design.
A virtual function is made "pure" when it is declared with "= 0" in the base class. This signifies that the function has no implementation in the base class and must be overridden in derived classes. The main purpose of a pure virtual function is to create an interface or contract that derived classes must adhere to.
When a function is declared as a pure virtual function, it means that the base class is defining a placeholder for the function that must be implemented by any derived class. This allows for polymorphism, where objects of different derived classes can be treated as objects of the base class.
To demonstrate the concept, consider the following example:
```
class Shape {
public:
virtual void calculateArea() = 0; // Pure virtual function
};
class Circle : public Shape {
public:
void calculateArea() override {
// Implementation for calculating the area of a circle
}
};
class Rectangle : public Shape {
public:
void calculateArea() override {
// Implementation for calculating the area of a rectangle
}
};
int main() {
Shape* shape1 = new Circle();
Shape* shape2 = new Rectangle();
shape1->calculateArea(); // Calls the calculateArea() implementation in Circle
shape2->calculateArea(); // Calls the calculateArea() implementation in Rectangle
delete shape1;
delete shape2;
return 0;
}
```
In this example, the `Shape` class declares a pure virtual function `calculateArea()`. The `Circle` and `Rectangle` classes inherit from `Shape` and provide their own implementations of `calculateArea()`. In the `main()` function, objects of `Circle` and `Rectangle` are treated as objects of the base class `Shape`, and the appropriate `calculateArea()` function is called based on the actual object type.
The implications of making a function a pure virtual function are:
1. It enforces derived classes to provide their own implementation of the function. This ensures that the derived classes adhere to the interface defined by the base class.
2. The base class becomes an abstract class, which cannot be instantiated directly. It can only be used as a base for deriving new classes. This allows for a more generic and polymorphic usage of objects.
In summary, making a function a pure virtual function in a base class allows for defining an interface that derived classes must implement. It enables polymorphism and ensures that objects of different derived classes can be treated uniformly based on the base class. The implications include enforcing implementation in derived classes and making the base class abstract, leading to a more flexible and extensible design.
To learn more about virtual function click here: brainly.com/question/12996492
#SPJ11
Related Questions
How does the fine print support the purpose of the CTA fare screen? Select two options. The fine print provides additional details about the CTA Reduced Fare permit. The fine print emphasizes the need for a reduced-fare program. The fine print helps riders determine if fare assistance is available. The fine print explains why different fares have been established. The fine print encourages riders to apply for the CTA Reduced Fare permit.
Answers
It should be noted that fine print supports the purpose of the CTA fare screen through the following ways:
The fine print provides additional details about the CTA Reduced Fare permit.The fine print helps riders determine if fare assistance is available.From the complete information, it should be noted that a transportation fare chart was given and it gave information about the Chicago transit authority fares.
In this case, it can be deduced that the fine print provides additional details about the CTA Reduced Fare permit and it helps riders determine if fare assistance is available.
Learn more about articles on:
https://brainly.com/question/13821736
Answer:
a and c
Explanation:
What is the purpose of a Post Mortem Review? (5 points)
Answers
Answer:
The interpretation of the discussion is characterized throughout the explanation portion below.
Explanation:
A post-mortem investigation, as well widely recognized as the autopsy, has become a post-mortem assessment of that same body. This same goal of some kind of post-mortem should be to investigate what happened. Post-mortems have been performed by pathologists (Physicians specializing in considering the mechanisms as well as tends to cause including its illness).
web services are less expensive to weave together than proprietary components. True or false?
Answers
It is true that web services are typically based on standardized protocols and technologies, making them more interoperable and easier to integrate compared to proprietary components.
This interoperability reduces the cost and effort required to weave together different web services as compared to integrating proprietary components, which may have unique interfaces and dependencies. Additionally, the widespread adoption of web services has led to the availability of various open-source and low-cost tools and frameworks that facilitate their integration, further reducing the overall cost.
Web services are typically based on standardized protocols and technologies such as XML (eXtensible Markup Language), SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), and REST (Representational State Transfer). These standards ensure a common and consistent approach to communication between different systems and platforms.
Standardized protocols allow web services to communicate effectively and seamlessly across various networks, operating systems, and programming languages. This interoperability is crucial for integrating different systems and components, as it eliminates the need for custom integration solutions and minimizes compatibility issues.
To know more about web services,
https://brainly.com/question/14504739
#SPJ11
a member of genz is someone born between 1997 and 2015 (inclusive). using boundary analysis write test cases to test the isgenz function which already exists and you can call using: genzhelper.isgenz() that takes a year of birth (in the gregorian calendar) and returns true if the person is a member of genz and false if it isn't. if the year is not a valid gregorian calendar year then the function throws illegalargumentexception.
Answers
A GenZ is someone born between 1997 and 2015 (inclusive).
How to write a function for GenZ?Simply said, a function is a "chunk" of code that you may reuse repeatedly rather than having to write it out several times. Programmers can divide an issue into smaller, more manageable parts, each of which can carry out a specific task, using functions.public bool Isgenz(int year)
{
try{
if(year>=1997 && year<= 2015)
{
return true;
}
else return false;
}
catch Exception(e){
throws illegalargumentexception;
}
To learn more about function, refer to
https://brainly.com/question/10439235
#SPJ1
assuming a 32 bit system: what value will sizeof report?
int** twod = new int*[10]; for(int i = 0; i < 10; i ) twod[i] = new int[i 1]; cout << sizeof(twod) << endl;
a. 40
b. 4
c. 220
d. 400
Answers
On a 32-bit system, the value that `sizeof` will report for the given code snippet is 4. So, option b is correct.
In the code snippet, an array of pointers to integers (`int** twod`) is dynamically allocated. The size of a pointer on a 32-bit system is 4 bytes.
The `new int*[10]` statement allocates an array of 10 pointers to integers, each taking up 4 bytes of memory. So, the total memory allocated for `twod` is 10 * 4 = 40 bytes.
However, when `sizeof` is used on a pointer variable, it returns the size of the pointer itself, not the size of the allocated memory. So, `sizeof(twod)` will give the size of the pointer `twod`, which is 4 bytes on a 32-bit system.
The sizes of dynamically allocated arrays are not directly retrievable through `sizeof`. If you need to track the size of dynamically allocated memory, you would typically need to manage that information separately.
So, option b is correct.
Learn more about 32-bit system:
https://brainly.com/question/12537544
#SPJ11
2. 16. 4: Happy Face
code. Hs website
Answers
The Happy Face code refers to emoticons used in digital communication to represent emotions. A website centered around this concept could provide valuable resources and tools for users looking to improve their online interactions and better convey their emotions through text-based communication.
It seems like you are looking for information related to the "Happy Face code" and a website. Based on the given terms, I can provide you with an answer as follows:
The Happy Face code is a concept often associated with emoticons or smiley faces used in digital communication. These symbols, such as ":-)" or ":-(", are utilized to convey emotions in a simple and concise way. They have become an integral part of online interactions, enhancing users' experience on various platforms, including websites and social media.
A hypothetical Happy Face code (HFC) website could serve as a resource dedicated to providing users with a comprehensive collection of emoticons, along with their meanings and usage guidelines. This site might also offer features such as customizing emoticons, enabling users to express themselves more creatively and personall
To learn more about Digital communication to represent emotions.
https://brainly.com/question/14521272
#SPJ11
Prepare a profile on major universities in the country Nepal
Answers
Answer:
Formal higher learning in Nepal began with the establishment of Tri-Chandra College in 1918, the first college in the country. Until 1985, Tribhuvan University (TU) was the only university in the country. The second university to be founded was Mahendra Sanskrit University. The inception of this university was soon followed by Kathmandu University in 1990, and Purbanchal and Pokhara Universities in 1995 and 1996, respectively. Many schools and colleges are run privately but none of the universities in Nepal are private.
This list includes all notable universities and colleges/campuses in Nepal. Entries are organised by courses offered, and listed in alphabetical order. Some entries that provide multiple courses may be duplicated in each of the relevant categories.
There are fourteen universities in Nepal. They are: Khwopa University (Proposed)
Agriculture and Forestry University in Chitwan
Far-western University in Kanchanpur
Gandaki University in Tanahun
Kathmandu University in Dhulikhel
Lumbini Bouddha University
Madan Bhandari University of Science and Technology
Manmohan Technical University in Biratnagar
Mid Western University in Birendranagar
Nepal Open University[1][2] in Lalitpur
Nepal Sanskrit University
Pokhara University in Pokhara
Purbanchal University in Biratnagar
Rajarshi Janak University in Janakpurdham
Tribhuvan University in Kirtipur
The university that will be profiled in their case is the Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal.
The Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal offers undergraduate, graduate, and PhD programs in agricultural sciences.
The university has several faculties such as the faculty of agriculture and animal sciences, fisheries, and aquaculture.
Learn more about universities on:
https://brainly.com/question/25853486
A(n) _____ is not decrypted but is only used for comparison purposes.
A.key
B.stream
C.digest
D.algorithm
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is C
Explanation:
Digest
Which of these terms refers to how efficiently animations are used?
A.
fluidity
B.
elegance
C.
looping
D.
context
Answers
Is the right question
Answer: the answer is A. Fluidity
Explanation:
given string userstr on one line and integers idx1 and idx2 on a second line, change the character at index idx1 of userstr to the character at index idx2. ex: if the input is: tiger 0 1 then the output is: iiger note: assume the length of string userstr is greater than or equal to both idx1 and idx2.
Answers
Using the knowledge of computational language in C++ it is possible to describe given string userstr on one line and integers idx1 and idx2 on a second line, change the character at index idx1 of userstr to the character at index idx2.
Writting the code:#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main(){
string inputStr;
int idx1;
int idx2;
getline(cin, inputStr); // Input string by user
cin >> idx1; // Input index 1 to to add a new character from index 2
cin >> idx2; // Input index 2 to repalce the character in index 1
char ch = inputStr[idx2]; // get character of index 2
inputStr[idx1] = ch; // repalce character of index 2 in index 1
// display new string
cout << inputStr << endl;
return 0;
}
See more about C++ at brainly.com/question/18502436
#SPJ1
Differentiate between perfect and imperfect market
Answers
Imperfect markets are characterized by having competition for market share, high barriers to entry and exit, different products and services, and a small number of buyers and sellers. Perfect markets are theoretical and cannot exist in the real world; all real-world markets are imperfect markets.
Isabella is creating a video game and wants to include a unique mental obstacle. Which of the following should Isabella consider adding to her game? A. a riddle or puzzle B. a wall to jump over C. an enemy with a sword D. dynamite
Answers
Answer:
A. a riddle or puzzle
Explanation:
Isabella should consider adding a riddle or puzzle to her game as a unique mental obstacle. Riddles and puzzles are challenges that require players to use their mental abilities to solve them. They can be a fun and engaging way to add an extra level of difficulty to a game.
the card class represents a complete python program. true false
Answers
The given statement "the card class represents a complete python program" is False
Python is an object-oriented programming language, and it has several built-in classes. The Card class can only represent one class in Python, not a complete Python program. A class is a blueprint for the objects, and it consists of properties and methods to perform specific tasks. A Python program starts with an introduction, where the programmer writes a few lines of code to introduce the program and what it will do.
To learn more about Python, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30391554
#SPJ11
How do you create a variable with the numeric value 5?
Answers
Answer:
They are declared simply by writing a whole number. For example, the statement x = 5 will store the integer number 5 in the variable x.
Write a loop that displays your name 10 times. 2. Write a loop that displays all the odd numbers from 1 through 49. 3. Write a loop that displays every fifth number from 0 through 100. 4. Write a code sample that uses a loop to write the numbers from 1 through 10 to a file. 5. Assume that a file named People.txt contains a list of names. Write a code sample that uses a while loop to
Answers
Answer:
The program in Python is as follows:
#1
for i in range(10):
print("MrRoyal",end=" ")
print()
#2
for i in range(1,50,2):
print(i,end=" ")
print()
#3
for i in range(0,101,5):
print(i,end=" ")
print()
#4
i = 1
while i <=10:
print(i,end =" ")
i+=1
#5
myfile = open("People.txt", "r")
eachLine = myfile.readline()
while eachLine:
print(eachLine)
eachLine = myfile.readline()
myfile.close()
Explanation:
The program in Python is as follows:
Program #1
This iterates from 1 to 10
for i in range(10):
This prints the name for each iteration [modify to your name]
print("MrRoyal",end=" ")
This prints a new line
print()
Program #2
This iterates from 1 to 49 with an increment of 2
for i in range(1,50,2):
This prints the odd numbers in the above range
print(i,end=" ")
This prints a new line
print()
Program #3
This iterates from 0 to 100 with a step of 5
for i in range(0,101,5):
This prints every 5th number
print(i,end=" ")
Print a new line
print()
Program #4
This initializes the number to 1
i = 1
This opens the file in an append mode
f = open("myfile.txt", "a")
This loop is repeated from 1 to 10
while i <=10:
This writes each number to the file
f.write(str(i))
Increment the number by 1
i+=1
Close the file
f.close()
Program #5
This opens the file in a read mode
myfile = open("People.txt", "r")
This reads each line
eachLine = myfile.readline()
This loop is repeated for every line
while eachLine:
Print the content on the line
print(eachLine)
Read another line
eachLine = myfile.readline()
Close the file
myfile.close()
Which of the following groups on the Home tab contains the commands to insert delete and format cell width and height? Question 1 options: Styles Cells Editing Number.
Answers
The cells feature is used to format the cells. The features in this section are insert, delete, and format cells. Cell size can be edited using this section.
What are the features available on the home screen of excel?Excel is a tool that is used to create sheets or tables to show data. It is capable of performing some complex tasks also. The home screen of excel contains many features.
Some of the features are:
Font: It is used to format the style and size of the characters. It also includes bold, italic, etc formattings.Alignment: This feature is used to align the text in the cells. The option included in this are merge cells, wrap text, center/left align, etc.Style: It is used to format or design the table or group of cells. it includes features like conditional formatting, format as a table, cell style.Cells: Cells feature is used to format the cells. The features in this section are insert, delete, and format cells. Cell size can be edited using this section.Editing: It is used to edit or use filter in the cell or cells.Number: This section defined the type of content present in the cell and its significant figures. The common types are currency, number, date, time, etc.Therefore, The cells option has the commands insert, delete, and format options.
Learn more about excel here:
https://brainly.com/question/25879801
Question 1 (5 points) When you are at a job interview, you should use effective communication strategies, like formal language. What is formal language and why do we use it? Formal language helps create the impression that the speaker is an expert on the topic. It suggests to audience members that the speaker's points deserve respectful consideration, and it presents the ideas of the speech in the most polished possible way.. Formal language is archaic and derived from Shakespeare to help us sound fancy in order to ensure that an employer can see that we are versatile Formal language is our ability to speak more than just one language. If we are bilingual, we have a better chance at being hired.
Answers
This prompt is about formal oanguage and styles of communication. See the explanation below.
What is formal language and why do we use it ?Formal language refers to a style of communication that follows specific grammatical and linguistic conventions, typically associated with academic, professional, or formal settings. It is characterized by the use of proper grammar, syntax, and vocabulary, and avoids slang or colloquial expressions.
We use formal language in job interviews to convey professionalism, competence, and respect for the setting and the interviewer. It also helps to convey our ideas in a clear and concise manner, without the distractions of informal language.
Contrary to the notion that formal language is archaic or derived from Shakespeare, it is a contemporary and widely used mode of communication in formal settings. It is not related to bilingualism, which refers to the ability to speak two languages fluently.
Learn more about formal language:
https://brainly.com/question/24222916
#SPJ1
3 alternativas donde puedas utilizar la tecnologia que nos ayude a reducir el impacto ambiental al medio ambiente
Answers
Answer:
El correo, las notas y las agendas ahora están archivados en el mundo digital, ayudando a reducir la deforestación. Coches eléctricos: se está trabajando meticulosamente en reducir la contaminación que producen los vehículos, haciendo que cada vez sean más sostenibles.
Explanation:
the routing protocol software on a single router in a network is compromised/faulty and generates incorrect (random) results. what is the overall scale and impact on overall network performance if the network is using link state routing? distance vector routing?
Answers
If the routing protocol software on a single router in a network is compromised/faulty and generates incorrect (random) results, the overall scale and impact on network performance would vary depending on whether the network is using link state routing or distance vector routing.
In a network using link state routing, the impact would be relatively limited. This is because link state routing protocols, such as OSPF, maintain a complete topological map of the entire network.
When a single router generates incorrect information, other routers can still rely on accurate data from the rest of the network to update their routing tables. As a result, the overall network performance may experience minor disruptions but should generally remain stable.On the other hand, in a network using distance vector routing, the impact could be more significant. Distance vector routing protocols, like RIP, rely on information from neighboring routers to update their routing tables.If a compromised router generates incorrect results, these errors could propagate through the network, causing suboptimal routing decisions and possibly creating routing loops. This could lead to decreased network performance and increased latency until the faulty router is identified and fixed.Thus, if the routing protocol software on a single router in a network is compromised/faulty and generates incorrect (random) results.Know more about the routing protocol
https://brainly.com/question/14883630
#SPJ11
when the values of package element persist throughout a user session and, therefore, can be referenced in code within various parts of the application during a user session, the elements are considered to be global. true false
Answers
The statement "when the values of package element persist throughout a user session and, therefore, can be referenced in code within various parts of the application during a user session, the elements are considered to be global" is False because,
when the values of a package element persist throughout a user session and can be referenced in code within various parts of the application during a user session, the elements are considered to be session-level, not global.
Global elements are those that can be accessed by any user or process in the application, regardless of the user session. In contrast, session-level elements are specific to a particular user session and are only accessible within that session.
For more question on code click on
https://brainly.com/question/30130277
#SPJ11
Discuss how the use of digital formats for audio-visual recording and editing has
transformed the film world.
Answers
Answer:
Digital formats allow for lossless data storage, fast editing (without the loss of original source material, ie having to manually clip pieces of film), and made collaboration easier.
all of the fields added to the form are from the customer table. because these controls are connected to a field in the database, they are called _____ controls.
Answers
The controls connected to fields in the database and added to the form are called "customer controls."
The term "customer controls" refers to the controls on a form that are directly connected to fields in the customer table of a database. These controls serve as a means of collecting and displaying information from the customer table within the form interface.
By linking these controls to specific fields in the database, any changes made through the form will be reflected in the corresponding customer records. This enables seamless data integration and ensures that the information entered or retrieved through the form is directly associated with the customer data in the database.
Examples of customer controls may include input fields for customer name, address, contact information, or dropdown menus for selecting customer categories or preferences. Overall, customer controls facilitate efficient data management and enhance the user experience by providing a direct connection between the form and the customer table in the database.
Learn more about database here:
https://brainly.com/question/6447559
#SPJ11
which set of features do wysiwyg editors provide? a. built-in database, seo, site templates, icons, buttons b. database connectivity, light web page, page layout, seo c. built-in database, separate js and css files, navigation bar, image slider d. database connectivity, seo, drag-and-drop of elements, page theme e. built-in database, light web page, buttons
Answers
Answer: D.
Explanation:
If you want the data associated with a variable called “game” to appear in the interpreter with a space after it, which of the following should you use?
game,
game.
game+
game_
Answers
Answer:
game+
Explanation:
The analysis given in the question is an illustration of concatenation.
Assume that variable game is a strong variable and we want a blank space appended to the data in this variable, we make use of the following syntax.
game + " "
The plus (+) sign between game and the blank space " " implies that space should appear immediately after the data in game.
Hence, option C answers the question.
Answer:
C. game+
Explanation:
When should the Clean Up command be used?
to move all message conversations to the deleted items folder
to ensure that no future messages of that type are delivered to him
to remove redundant messages to free up space in his inbox
to clean up the deleted items folder and permanently delete messages
Answers
Answer:
the correct option in c
Explanation:
Answer: The person below me is right, its C.
Explanation: I did it on Edg and I got it right.
Carmina works at a fast-food restaurant. During the slow afternoon hours, Carmina always find projects to keep her busy, like washing all the trays or deep-cleaning the drive-thru area. What workplace habit does Carmina show by doing this?
Answers
Answer:
This shows that Carmina knows how to manage her time, also called time management, and she took the initiative to do the jobs, even though she didn't have to.
D Question 18 6 pts Match different types of problems/limitations you may face (specified on the left) with solutions for these problems/limitations (specified on the right). Choose the best match if
Answers
The SVM under-fits the training data (accuracy on training data is very low) - Use a non-linear kernel for the SVM
The BSS metric (separation between clusters has a small value) - Increase the number of clusters
The WSS metric (cohesion in a cluster) has a large value - [Choose] Reduce the number of clusters
Why is this so?The SVM under-fits the training data when the accuracy on the training data is very low because it suggests that the model is not capturing the underlying patterns and complexities of the data.
Using a non-linear kernel for the SVM can help address this issue by allowing the model to capture non-linear relationships and better fit the training data, improving its accuracy.
Learn more about training data at:
https://brainly.com/question/33326181
#SPJ4
Full Question:
Question 18 6 pts Match different types of problems/limitations you may face (specified on the left) with solutions for these problems/limitations (specified on the right). Choose the best match if multiple matches are possible. Note that you can select the same answer for multiple cases and also there may be some solutions that are not used. The SVM under-fits the training data (accuracy on training data in very low) [Choose] Reduce the number of clusters Use a non-linear kernel for the SVM The BSS metric (separation between clusters has a small value Use a linear kernel to simplify the SVM boundary The WSS metric (cohesion in a cluster) has a large value Increase the number of clusters [Choose] [Choose]
How will i go about the investigation considering all the pat requirements
Answers
Investigations can vary widely in their scope and requirements, depending on the situation and the goals of the investigation. However, there are some general steps that can be helpful in conducting a thorough and effective investigation:
Define the scope and purpose of the investigation: Before starting an investigation, it is important to define what you hope to achieve and what the investigation will cover. This could include defining the timeframe, identifying key players, and establishing the boundaries of the investigation.Gather information and evidence: This step involves collecting information and evidence that is relevant to the investigation. This could include interviewing witnesses, reviewing documents and records, and collecting physical evidence.Analyze the information and evidence: Once you have collected the information and evidence, you will need to analyze it to identify patterns, inconsistencies, and potential leads. This may involve using data analysis tools, creating timelines, and conducting background research on individuals and organizations involved in the investigation.Draw conclusions and make recommendations: Based on the analysis, you will need to draw conclusions about what happened and make recommendations for how to proceed. This could include recommending further investigation, disciplinary action, or changes to policies and procedures.Communicate findings: Finally, you will need to communicate the findings of the investigation to relevant stakeholders. This could include writing a report, giving a presentation, or testifying in court.Throughout the investigation, it is important to maintain a clear and objective perspective, follow established protocols and procedures, and ensure that all relevant legal and ethical requirements are met.
To learn more about Investigations click the link below:
brainly.com/question/29659466
#SPJ4
Which scientific computing library provides data structures and data analysis tools for python?
Answers
Pandas is an open-source Python package that provides high-performance, easy-to-use data structures and data analysis tools for the labeled data in Python programming language.
Which Python library is used for data analysis?Pandas (Python data analysis) is a must in the data science life cycle. It is the most popular and widely used Python library for data science, along with NumPy in matplotlib.
Which are the three most used languages for data science?Python. Python is the most widely used data science programming language in the world today. It is an open-source, easy-to-use language that has been around since the year 1991. ...JavaScript. JavaScript is another object-oriented programming language used by data scientists.To learn more about Python, refer
https://brainly.com/question/27666303
#SPJ4
question 1 which products (of those we covered) allow you to build data pipelines using graphical user interface and no coding?
Answers
Note that the products (of those we covered) that allow one to build data pipelines using the graphical user interface and no coding is: "IBM SPSS Modeler and Modeler Flows in Watson Studio" (Option D)
What does IBM SPSS Modeler and Modeler Flow in Watson Studio do?IBM SPSS Modeler is a data mining and text analytics program that uses a graphical user interface to develop prediction models and do other data analysis activities.
Modeler Flows in Watson Studio is a component of IBM's cloud-based data science platform that allows you to utilize a graphical user interface and no code to design, visualize, and deploy machine learning models and data pipelines.
Modeler Flows allows you to import and prepare data, apply machine learning algorithms, and deliver your models to production without having to write any code.
Learn more about Graphical User Interface:
https://brainly.com/question/10247948
#SPJ1
Full Question:
Which products (of those we covered) allow you to build data pipelines using graphical user interface and no coding?
a. Only IBM SPSS Statistics
b. Only IBM SPSS Modeler
c. OpenScale
d. IBM SPSS Modeler and Modeler Flows in Watson Studio
e. All of the above