what types of properties change during a chemical reaction?

Brownian motion is caused by thermal agitation. Brownian motion is the random movement of small particles suspended in a fluid. This movement is caused by the collision of the particles with the molecules of the fluid, which are constantly in motion due to thermal energy. The collisions result in a back-and-forth movement of the particles, which leads to the characteristic "jiggling" motion associated with Brownian motion.

In other words, Brownian motion occurs because of the kinetic energy of the fluid molecules, which leads to random collisions with the suspended particles. This is why Brownian motion is observed in a variety of systems, from the movement of pollen grains in water to the diffusion of molecules in a gas. It is a fundamental concept in the study of physical systems and plays a role in many different fields of science, including chemistry, physics, and biology.

learn more about Brownian motion

https://brainly.com/question/28199491?source=archive

#SPJ11

1) The theoretical yield is 18.02 g

2) The percent yield is 67%

3) The percent yield is  55.8 %

The balanced reaction equation is;

N2 + 3H2 ----> 2NH3

Number of moles of N2 = 15g/28 g/mol = 0.53 moles

If 1 moles of N2 produced 2 moles of NH3

0.53 moles of N2 will produce 0.53 * 2/1

= 1.06 moles

Theoretical yield = 1.06 moles * 17 g/mol

= 18.02 g

The percent yield = 12.1/18.02 * 100/1

= 67%

The percent yield = 19.8 g/35.5 g * 100/1

= 55.8 % as shown

Learn more about theoretical yield:https://brainly.com/question/14966377

#SPJ1

Answer:

Explanation:

Here, we want to get the name for the given chemical formula

Looking at the formula, we look at the names of the element

The names are sodium and fluorine

We write the name of the metal element first, then the non-metal atom

Thus, we have it as

Answer:

weathered rock and deceomposed material

Explanation:

Metals have a crystalline in nature, and a consistent shift in stress causes the structure to alter, causing the metal to stiffen and fracture. This is known as metal fatige. The bending causes that to occur.

A metal is a substance that has a shiny look when freshly processed, polished, or shattered, and conducts electricity and heat rather effectively. Generally speaking, metals are malleable and ductile.

These characteristics are the outcome of the metallic link that exists between the metal's atoms or molecules.

The earth's crust is where most pure metals are found. They are discovered in ores, which are solid materials from which metals and minerals may be extracted. The majority of the planet's iron mass, which makes up over a third of its mass, is located in its core.

Thus, Metals have a crystalline in nature, and a consistent shift in stress causes the structure to alter.

To learn more about metal, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/18153051

#SPJ2

Answer:

because the global sea level rises while the poles temperature increases

Explanation:

The charge of P in H₂P₂O₇⁻² is +5.

To find the charge of P in this compound, we can use the formula:

charge = (# of valence electrons) - (# of electrons assigned to atom in Lewis structure)

First, we need to determine the number of valence electrons for P. P is in group 5A on the periodic table, so it has 5 valence electrons.

Next, we need to determine the number of electrons assigned to P in the Lewis structure of H₂P₂O₇⁻².  Each P atom is bonded to 4 other atoms (2 O atoms and 2 H atoms), so it is assigned 4 electrons in the Lewis structure.

Using the formula, we can calculate the charge of P:

charge = (5) - (4) = +1

However, there are 2 P atoms in the compound, so the total charge of P is:

(+1) + (+1) = +2

Finally, we need to take into account the overall charge of the compound, which is -2. To find the charge of P, we can use the formula:

charge of P = (overall charge) - (charge of other atoms)

The charge of the other atoms (H and O) is:

(2)(+1) + (7)(-2) = -12

So the charge of P is:

(-2) - (-12) = +10

Since there are 2 P atoms, the charge of each P atom is:

(+10)/2 = +5

Therefore, the charge of P is 5, and the appropriate sign is "+".

Learn more about the charge of an electron here https://brainly.com/question/30478909

#SPJ11

The chemical formula for lead chromate is PbCrO4, which means that for each formula unit of lead chromate, there are one lead atom, one chromium atom, and four oxygen atoms. Thus, there are a total of one lead atom in each formula unit of lead chromate.

Explanation: The chemical formula for lead chromate is PbCrO4. The number of lead atoms present in each formula unit of lead chromate can be determined by analyzing the subscripts in the formula.The subscript of Pb in the formula is 1. This means that each formula unit of lead chromate contains 1 lead atom.Therefore, the number of lead atoms in each formula unit of lead chromate is 1.Lead chromate is a yellow pigment that has been used in many industrial applications. It is often used as a pigment in paints, plastics, and ceramics. It is also used in the production of varnishes, dyes, and pigments.The substance is toxic and carcinogenic. It can cause cancer and other serious health problems if inhaled or ingested. For this reason, the use of lead chromate has been restricted in many countries, and its use is closely monitored in others.Lead chromate is a compound made up of lead, chromium, and oxygen. It is produced by reacting lead nitrate with potassium chromate in the presence of an alkaline solution. The reaction produces lead chromate and potassium nitrate.

for more such questions on lead chromate

https://brainly.com/question/22437716

#SPJ11

the actual quantity of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium guaranteed to be applied to the maize field is 50 kg, 50 kg, and 25 kg, respectively.

For Nitrogen (N):

The percentage of nitrogen in the fertilizer is 20%. Therefore, the amount of nitrogen applied can be calculated as:

Nitrogen = (20/100) * 250 kg

Nitrogen = 0.2 * 250 kg

Nitrogen = 50 kg

For Phosphorus (P):

The percentage of phosphorus in the fertilizer is also 20%. Thus, the amount of phosphorus applied can be calculated as:

Phosphorus = (20/100) * 250 kg

Phosphorus = 0.2 * 250 kg

Phosphorus = 50 kg

For Potassium (K):

The percentage of potassium in the fertilizer is 10%. So, the amount of potassium applied can be determined as:

Potassium = (10/100) * 250 kg

Potassium = 0.1 * 250 kg

Potassium = 25 kg

learn more about irrigation:

https://brainly.com/question/30090075

#SPJ4

585 moles of O₂ can be produced by letting 390.0 grams of KCIO3 react.

The term mole is defined as the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities.

One mole of any substance is equal to 6.023 × 10²³ units of that substance such as atoms, molecules, or ions. The number 6.023 × 10²³ is called as Avogadro's number or Avogadro's constant.

The mole concept can be used to convert between mass and number of particles.

The balanced equation for the decomposition of KClO3 is as follows:

2KClO3 ⇾ 2KCl + 3O2  

Now, use dimensional analysis and the stoichiometry (mole ratio) of the balanced equation:

390.00 mols KClO3 x 3 mole O2 / 2 mole KClO3

= 585 moles Oxygen.

Thus, 585 moles of O₂ can be produced by letting 390.0 grams of KCIO3 react.

To learn more about the mole, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/26416088

#SPJ9

Answer: by researching the experiment, it helps you make sure you get everything right. If you didn't research it, there's a possibility you can get the experiment wrong.

The energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of a substance by one kelvin is called specific heat. Specific heat is defined as the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one unit mass (usually one gram) of a substance by one degree Celsius or one kelvin. It is expressed in units of joules per gram per Kelvin (J/g*K).

Different substances have different specific heat values, which means they require different amounts of energy to be heated up or cooled down. For example, water has a high specific heat value of 4.184 J/g*K, which means it takes a lot of energy to raise its temperature. On the other hand, metals have lower specific heat values, which means they heat up and cool down quickly.
The concept of specific heat is important in various fields of science and engineering, including thermodynamics, materials science, and chemical engineering. It is used to calculate the amount of energy needed to heat or cool substances, design heating and cooling systems, and understand the behavior of materials under different temperature conditions.

To know more about temperature visit :

https://brainly.com/question/15267055

#SPJ11

Answer:

I believe- If there is more metal for the magnet to reach for, then the strength will grow but it may be harder to pick up off of a surface depending on the weight of the nail. If it is a light nail, it would be more efficient for a quick result in having the magnet to pick it up

Explanation:

Answer:

Ferromagnetic materials make the magnet stronger than non-ferromagnetic materials like paper, wood, or air. A wider nail will make the magnet stronger. Making the nail longer will not make the magnet stronger, unless you also add more turns to the coil.

Explanation:

I hope this helps!!

Answer:

131.293 u

Explanation:

The most stable carbocation would be formed by t-butyl bromide alkyl halide. Carbocation stability is typically correlated with the number of methyl groups connected to the core carbon.

Chemical substances called halides include halogens. There are halides in nature, and some of them, like salts and acids, are necessary for maintaining human existence. Halides are present in minerals, living things, and plants. Table salt, or NaCl, is the most popular halide.

The sodium, salt, and hydrochloric acid salts make up the group of minerals known as halides. This category of minerals includes the crystals halite, sylvite, and carnallite, which only include chloride with petrogenic significance. Rock salt, also known as halite (NaCl), is the crystalline form of sodium chloride.

To know more about halide visit:

https://brainly.com/question/28384269

#SPJ4

Answer:

b Atom X = 1; Atom Y = 7

Explanation:

a valence electron is an electron in the outer shell

So X has 1 in outer shell

Y has 7 in outer shell

The type of relationship in which one value increases by a certain factor if the other value decreases by the same factor is the inverse relationship.

An inverse relationship is one in which two variables change in opposite directions. The inverse relationship is expressed as y = k/x, where k is a constant. For example, if x increases by a certain factor, y decreases by the same factor, and if x decreases by a certain factor, y increases by the same factor. In this relationship, the product of the two variables remains constant, and as one variable increases, the other decreases.

The inverse relationship is different from a direct relationship, in which both variables change in the same direction. In a direct relationship, as one variable increases, the other also increases, and vice versa. For example, the relationship between distance and time is a direct relationship, since as the time increases, the distance covered also increases.

Learn more about direct relationship here:

https://brainly.com/question/30824820

#SPJ11

The rate of disappearance of Br2 is 2.7×10^-5 M/s.

The rate of disappearance of Br2 can be calculated using the rate law for the reaction. The rate law is given by:
Rate = k[NO]^2[Br2]

Where k is the rate constant, [NO] is the concentration of NO, and [Br2] is the concentration of Br2.

Given that [NO] = 7.1×10^-2 M and [Br2] = 0.21 M, we can plug these values into the rate law to find the rate of disappearance of Br2:

Rate = k(7.1×10^-2)^2(0.21)

To find the rate of disappearance of Br2, we need to know the value of the rate constant k. Without this value, we cannot calculate the rate of disappearance of Br2.

If the value of k is given, we can plug it into the rate law and calculate the rate of disappearance of Br2. Once we have the rate, we can express it using two significant figures.

For example, if k = 2.5×10^-3, then:

Rate = (2.5×10^-3)(7.1×10^-2)^2(0.21) = 2.68×10^-5

Expressed using two significant figures, the rate of disappearance of Br2 is 2.7×10^-5 M/s.

To know more about Br2 click here:

https://brainly.com/question/22174845#

#SPJ11

The mole fraction of Cl- in the given solution is 0.0632.

Given: Mass of CaCl2 (w1) = 23.7 g

Density of water (d2) = 1.05 g/mL

Volume of water (V2) = 375 g/1.05 g/mL = 357.14 mL

Using the following formula, Mole fraction = moles of chloride ions / total moles of the solution.

First, we need to find the moles of CaCl2 using its mass and molar mass,

MM of CaCl2 = 40.08 + 2 × 35.45 = 110.98 g/mol

The moles of CaCl2 = mass of CaCl2 / MM of CaCl2= 23.7 g / 110.98 g/mol = 0.2133 moles.

Now, calculate the moles of water using its mass and molar mass,

MM of water = 18.015 g/mol

The moles of water = mass of water / MM of water= 375 g / 18.015 g/mol = 20.82 moles.

Moles of Cl- in CaCl2:Since one mole of CaCl2 contains two moles of chloride ions.

Thus, the moles of chloride ions in CaCl2 = 2 × 0.2133 moles = 0.4266 moles.

Total moles of the solution: Total moles of the solution = moles of CaCl2 + moles of water= 0.2133 moles + 20.82 moles = 21.033 moles.

Finally, the mole fraction of Cl- in the given solution: Mole fraction of Cl- = 0.4266 / 21.033= 0.0632Therefore, the mole fraction of Cl- in the given solution is 0.0632.

to know more about  mole fractions here:

brainly.com/question/30724931

#SPJ11

To determine the order of increasing molarity for the given salt solutions, we need to compare their molarities, which is calculated by dividing the moles of solute by the volume of the solution.

a. Solution a has 4.0 moles of NaCl dissolved in 8.0 L of solution. Therefore, its molarity is 4.0 mol/8.0 L = 0.5 M.

b. Solution b has 6.0 moles of NaCl dissolved in 6.0 L of solution. Its molarity can be calculated as 6.0 mol/6.0 L = 1.0 M.

c. Solution c has 1.0 mole of NaCl dissolved in 10 L of solution. The molarity of this solution is 1.0 mol/10 L = 0.1 M.

Now, comparing the molarities, we find that the order of increasing molarity is:

c (0.1 M) < a (0.5 M) < b (1.0 M).

Therefore, the correct order of increasing molarity for the given salt solutions is solution c (1.0 mol/10 L), solution a (4.0 mol/8.0 L), and solution b (6.0 mol/6.0 L).

To know more about molarity click this link-

https://brainly.com/question/31545539

#SPJ11

yes similar, Absorbance measures the amount of light with a specific wavelength that a given substance prevents from passing through it.

The two main factors that affect absorbance are concentration of the substance and path length.

Relation between concentration and absorbance: Absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration of the substance. The higher the concentration, the higher its absorbance. This is because the proportion of light that gets absorbed is affected by the number of molecules that it interacts with. Solutions that are more concentrated have a larger number of molecules that interact with the light that enters, thus increasing its absorbance. In a diluted solution the absorbance is low because fewer molecules are available to interact with the light.

Relation between concentration and path length: Absorbance is also directly proportional to the path length, where path length refers to the distance the light travels through the substance. With a longer path length, the light interacts with a larger number of molecules as it travels the longer distance through the solution. This increases the absorbance.

As opposed to absorption, which occurs when electrons move up to a higher energy state from a lower energy state, emission occurs when electrons move down to a lower energy state, giving rise to a negative energy. When electrons undergo an energy change that is positive and migrate from one state of lower energy to another, this is called absorption. The color that can be seen by the eye is called the transmitted color, whereas the color that cannot be seen is called the absorbed color. The complementary color is discernible.

Click here for more information on absorbance.

Brainly.com/question/1446990

#SPJ4

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

The chemical equation in which the number of atoms in the reactants is the same as that of products would be Zn + 2HCl → H2 + ZnCl2. The correct option would be A.

Let us consider all the component atoms in the equation: Zn + 2HCl → H2 + ZnCl2

In Li2CO3 → LiO + CO2:

In CO2 + H2O → CH2OH + O2

In CH4 + O2 → CO2 + 2H2O

Hence, the only equation in which the number of atoms in the reactants is the same as that of products is Zn + 2HCl → H2 + ZnCl2

More on balancing chemical equations can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/21049751

Assuming the solution is taken in 1 L volume so that the number of moles of AgNO₃ with 10.6 g or two spoon is 0.062 moles. Thus the concentration of the solution is 0.06 molar.

Molarity of a solution is the ratio of its number of moles of solute to the volume of solution in liters. Molarity is a temperature dependent quantity. This is the most common term for concentration of a solution.

The molar mass of AgNO₃ is 169.9 g/mol. One tea  spoon silver nitrate is 5.3 g thus, two tea spoon is 10.6 g. The number of moles of 10.6 AgNO₃

= mass/weight

= 10.6 g / 169.9 g/mol

= 0.062 moles.

Thus the concentration of 0.062 moles in 1 L solution is 0.062 molar.

To find more on molarity, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/8732513

#SPJ1

It's important to note that there can be variations in the specific reactants and conditions used for Friedel-Crafts acylation. The general mechanism described above provides a basic understanding of how the electrophile is generated in this reaction.

To generate the electrophile used for Friedel-Crafts acylation, we need to follow a step-by-step mechanism. Let's go through each step:
Step 1: Add a curved arrow ⟶
In this step, we need to add a curved arrow to indicate the movement of electrons. The curved arrow should start from the carbon atom in the acyl halide (R-C(=O)-X), specifically the carbon-oxygen bond (C=O). The arrow should move towards the oxygen atom, indicating the formation of a lone pair on the oxygen atom.

Step 2: Complete the structure and add a curved arrow ⟶
Now, we need to complete the structure by adding an aluminum halide (AlX3) to the reaction mixture. The oxygen atom, with the newly formed lone pair, will coordinate with the aluminum atom in the aluminum halide. This coordination creates a Lewis acid-base complex, which is the electrophile.
Step 3: Complete the structures
In this step, we need to complete the structures of the reactants and products. The acyl halide should be shown as R-C(=O)-X, where R represents the rest of the molecule attached to the carbonyl carbon. The electrophile, formed in the previous step, can be represented as R-C(=O)-AlX3.

To know more about Friedel-Crafts acylation visit:

brainly.com/question/31283133

#SPJ11

Answer:

9.5

Explanation:

that the answer I hope am correct

Answer:

the force resisting motion. it slows things down

There will be 3 H NMR signals for 2-chloro-3-methyl-2-butene.

The variety of protons present in a molecule is represented by the number of NMR signals. The illustration we used to explain NMR spectroscopy is as follows: Five signals on the spectrum signify five different types of protons. can be calculated simply by counting the number of unique hydrogens on one side of the symmetry plane. Nuclear magnetic resonance is used in proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR, proton NMR, or hydrogen-1 NMR), which uses hydrogen-1 nuclei within a substance's molecules to determine the structure of those molecules. Using NMR technique one can analyze the molecular structure of a molecule by observing the nuclear spins in electric field.

To learn more about NMR click here:

https://brainly.com/question/17564948

#SPJ4

Answer

A reaction generally can be made to go more quickly by:

B. Adding a catalyst

C. Lowering the activation energy

D. Shaking the reactants

Explanation

The presence of a catalyst increases the rate of a reaction by lowering its activation energy. Chemical reactions occur when molecules collide with each other and undergo a chemical transformation.

Stirring and shaking provide some kinetic energy to the system. It increases slightly its temperature and the reaction rate. increasing the kinetic energy of reactant particles also means more of the reactant particles will have the minimum amount of energy required to form products (ie, activation energy) which leads to more successful collisions and therefore increases the reaction rate.