why it is that we inherit mitochondrial DNA ONLY from our mothers?
Answer:
In se*ual reproduction, mitochondria are normally inherited exclusively from the mother; the mitochondria in mammalian sperm are usually destroyed by the egg cell after fertilization. ... The fact that mitochondrial DNA is maternally inherited enables genealogical researchers to trace maternal lineage far back in time.
) Discuss how the 3-cell model, El Niño Southern Oscillation, and the Madden-Julian Oscillation are related to each other. Your discussion should include locations, what each of these are, and how they all impact each other
b) Name two local influences on climate that can be more influential than a location’s position in the 3-cell model. Describe how and why these local influences impact the climate.
c) Do ENSO and the MJO impact hurricane activity? If yes, why? If no, why not?
The 3-cell model, ENSO, and the MJO are interconnected phenomena that impact each other and play crucial roles in shaping regional and global climate patterns. Topography and ocean currents are two local influences on climate that can be more influential than a location's position in the 3-cell model. ENSO and the MJO do impact hurricane activity, with El Niño and the active phase of the MJO suppressing hurricane activity, while La Niña and the inactive phase of the MJO can enhance it.
The 3-cell model, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) are all related to each other and impact each other in different ways.
1. The 3-cell model refers to the global atmospheric circulation pattern that divides the Earth into three cells: the Hadley cell, the Ferrel cell, and the Polar cell. These cells are responsible for the movement of air and transfer of heat from the equator to the poles. They play a significant role in determining regional climate patterns and wind systems.
2. El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate pattern that occurs in the tropical Pacific Ocean. It involves the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere, resulting in a warming or cooling of sea surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific. This phenomenon has a major impact on weather patterns worldwide, affecting rainfall distribution and temperatures.
3. The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is an eastward moving disturbance that travels around the equator. It is characterized by a large-scale, eastward-moving area of enhanced and suppressed rainfall. The MJO has a significant influence on tropical weather and can affect precipitation and atmospheric circulation patterns in various regions.
These three phenomena are related in that they all involve large-scale atmospheric and oceanic processes. For example, during an El Niño event, the warming of sea surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific can disrupt the normal trade winds and atmospheric circulation patterns associated with the 3-cell model. This disruption can, in turn, affect the behavior and strength of the MJO.
b) Two local influences on climate that can be more influential than a location's position in the 3-cell model are topography and ocean currents.
Topography refers to the physical features of the land, such as mountains, valleys, and coastlines. These features can greatly influence climate by affecting the distribution of precipitation, temperature, and wind patterns. For example, mountain ranges can block the flow of air masses, leading to differences in rainfall on the windward and leeward sides.
Ocean currents play a crucial role in climate regulation. They transport heat from the tropics to higher latitudes and influence regional temperature and precipitation patterns. For instance, the Gulf Stream, a warm ocean current, influences the climate of the eastern coast of the United States, making it warmer than other regions at similar latitudes.
c) Yes, ENSO and the MJO can impact hurricane activity.
During an El Niño event, the warming of sea surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific can alter atmospheric conditions, leading to the suppression of hurricane activity in the Atlantic Basin. El Niño creates stronger wind shear, which makes it difficult for hurricanes to form and intensify. On the other hand, La Niña, the cold phase of ENSO, can enhance hurricane activity in the Atlantic.
The MJO can also influence hurricane activity. When the MJO is in its active phase, it can create more favorable conditions for tropical storm development, such as increased moisture and decreased wind shear. Conversely, during the inactive phase of the MJO, hurricane activity tends to be suppressed.
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A company is growing algae in big tanks to make fish food. However, the algae is not growing very quickly, and they suspect either phosphorus, nitrogen, or iron is limiting. What could the company do to figure out which nutrient is limiting?a)Add phosphorus to one tank, nitrogen to another, and iron to a third, and see which treatment increases algal growth.b)Add phosphorus, iron, and nitrogen to all tanks, and see which nutrient increases algal growth.c)Add phosphorus to all tanks, because phosphorus is the nutrient that limits algal growth.d)Add nitrogen to all tanks, because nitrogen is the nutrient that limits algal growth.
Experiment
In this experiment, as the question the investigators are trying to answer is what component is the limiting one, it is necessary to test every one of them, independently. Therefore, the best option is to change the concentration of one of them and leave the rest unchanged. To accomplish this, would be necessary three different tanks, one for phosphorus, one for iron, and one for nitrogen (option A).
To determine which nutrient is limiting algal growth, the company can add phosphorus to one tank, nitrogen to another, and iron to a third, and see which treatment increases algal growth. Therefore, option A is correct.
By adding each nutrient separately to different tanks and observing the effects on algal growth, the company can identify which nutrient is limiting. If the addition of phosphorus to one tank leads to increased algal growth, it suggests that phosphorus was the limiting nutrient.
Similarly, if the addition of nitrogen or iron to their respective tanks results in increased algal growth, it indicates that nitrogen or iron, respectively, was the limiting nutrient. Thus, option A is correct.
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According to the antigenic diversity threshold hypothesis, ___ mutant strains build up over the course of an HIV infection, resulting the the development of AIDS.
According to the antigenic diversity threshold hypothesis, antigenic mutant strains build up over the course of an HIV infection, resulting in the development of AIDS.
This hypothesis asserts that during an HIV infection, the virus develops into a variety of strains, each with unique antigenic properties. The virus's surface antigens change so often that the immune system can't keep up, allowing the virus to evade detection and continue to replicate. This makes it difficult for the immune system to generate an effective immune response, resulting in the virus's continued spread and eventual development of AIDS.
The hypothesis is based on the observation that HIV has a high mutation rate and that new HIV variants emerge frequently in infected people, leading to a diverse population of viral strains. As the virus continues to mutate, it eventually reaches a threshold level of diversity that is beyond the immune system's ability to control. This leads to the collapse of the immune system and the onset of AIDS.
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Cell division. How and why does it happen? Cells can make exact copies through a process called mitosis. The parent cell undergoes DNA replication and makes a copy; same DNA, same chromosome number. Some simple organisms use mitosis as a method of asexual reproduction, but there is a disadvantage: no genetic variation. When organisms began undergoing sexual reproduction, there needed to be a way for parent cells to combine DNA in their offspring, hence facilitating genetic variation. Meiosis. In this process, DNA replication still takes place, but instead of two identical cells with the same DNA and chromosome number, four daughter cells are produced with half the chromosome number. We call these cells gametes. When gametes combine via fertilization, there is a new genetic combination and the chromosome number is restored.
Compare the two processes: mitosis and meiosis. Can you identify the the true statements about the two? (Choose 4)
Responses
A
There are four haploid daughter cells produced by meiosis. A mitosis produces four daughter cells that are diploid.
What are daughter cells?Daughter cells are defined as when a cell divides by mitosis, genetically identical cells are created. Genetically identical to both the original parent cell and the two daughter cells created during mitosis.
Mitosis comprises the division of body cells, as opposed to meiosis, which involves the division of sex cells. A cell divides twice during meiosis as opposed to just once during mitosis. Following mitosis and cytoplasmic division, two daughter cells are created, whereas four daughter cells are created after meiosis.
Thus, there are four haploid daughter cells produced by meiosis. A mitosis produces four daughter cells that are diploid.
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Your question is incomplete, but probably your complete question was
Cell division. How and why does it happen? Cells can make exact copies through a process called mitosis. The parent cell undergoes DNA replication and makes a copy; same DNA, same chromosome number. Some simple organisms use mitosis as a method of asexual reproduction, but there is a disadvantage: no genetic variation. When organisms began undergoing sexual reproduction, there needed to be a way for parent cells to combine DNA in their offspring, hence facilitating genetic variation. Meiosis. In this process, DNA replication still takes place, but instead of two identical cells with the same DNA and chromosome number, four daughter cells are produced with half the chromosome number. We call these cells gametes. When gametes combine via fertilization, there is a new genetic combination and the chromosome number is restored.
Compare the two processes: mitosis and meiosis. Can you identify the the true statements about the two? Meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells. Mitosis results in four diploid daughter cells. In both processes, DNA replication must occur. During meiosis the 2N mother cells produces N daughter cells. Mitosis is responsible for genetic continuity; in higher organisms it is essential for growth and repair. In plants, egg and sperm are produced via mitosis.
If you wanted to present evidence that red panda populations were becoming more diverse over time, which choice correctly identifies the
independent and dependent variables you would choose to use in your graph?
(1 point)
Independent = Generation and Dependent = Acres of Deforested Land
Independent = Nucleotide Diversity and Dependent = Generation
Independent = Generation and Dependent = Nucleotide Diversity
Independent = Acres of Deforested Land and Dependent = Generation
The
The correct choice is: Independent = Generation and Dependent = Nucleotide Diversity. To present evidence that red panda populations are becoming more diverse over time, you should choose the following:
Independent = Generation and Dependent = Nucleotide Diversity
In this case, the independent variable (Generation) represents different time periods, while the dependent variable (Nucleotide Diversity) measures the genetic diversity within the red panda population. By analyzing how nucleotide diversity changes across generations, you can show whether the population is becoming more diverse over time.
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What happens when a mechanical wave travels through a medium?Analyzing Mechanical Waves and Energy. As a mechanical wave travels through a medium, its amplitude can decrease due to the wave being spread across more matter and energy being transformed into other forms. Select all statements that describe why a wave's amplitude might decrease as it moves through a medium.
Answer:
The amplitude of a wave can be decreased because of the second law of thermodynamics and/or the differences of the propagation medium.
Explanation:
The wave is formed by a transference of kinetic energy between particles in a fluid state. Different medium has different inertia. When a shock wave travels through the water it has a different velocity when the same energy is dissipated as a wave in the air. The lower the inertia of the medium the bigger is the amplitude and vice-versa.
Another way that wave's amplitude might decrease as it moves through a medium is because of energy losses accordingly to the second law of thermodynamics. That means, when a part of a closed system interacts with another part, the energy tends to divide evenly, until the system reaches a thermodynamic balance.
Which property of water causes ice wedging?
A. It moves downhill more quickly after it freezes.
B. It decreases in volume when it freezes
C. It increases in volume when it freezes.
o a
D. It causes more abrasion when it freezes.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
edge 2022
What type of cell is this
Answer: Sperm Cell
Explanation:
A male reproductive cell, forms of sexual reproduction
Many weeds that never previously existed in Canada were brought over by early European settlers who started wheat farming in the prairies. This is an example of
Answer: Introduced species or exotic species
Explanation:
The introduced species is also called as an exotic species. The exotic species is a species which is not native to a particular location or area but is introduced by humans either accidentally or with the desired species. Such species can be invasive means, it can compete with the native species for resources and can reduce the population of native species.
The given situation is an example of introduction of new species. The weeds are introduced exotic species which could have come along with the desired variety of wheat required for farming in the prairies.
According to the Central Dogma Theory, which pathway is correct?
A. Proteins to RNA to DNA
B. DNA to RNA to proteins
C. RNA to DNA to proteins
D. DNA to proteins to RNA
Human blood contains many cells and nondissolved particles. Because of this, blood is considered to be a
a. suspension
b. solution
c. mixture
d. a and c
e. all of these
Answer:
e. All of these
Explanation:
blood is suspension, mixture and even a solution
!!help me fill in the blank please n thank you!!
Answer:
magnetfiing galss
Explanation:
What are the biological differences between male and female bodies?
The biological differences between male and female bodies are determined by their genetic make-up. Human males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes.
The Y chromosome carries genes that are responsible for male sexual development, while the X chromosome carries genes that are responsible for female development. The following are some of the biological differences between males and females: 1. Reproductive organs - Males have testicles, which produce sperm. Females have ovaries, which produce eggs.2. Hormones - Males have more testosterone, while females have more estrogen.
These hormones influence the development of secondary sex characteristics, such as facial hair, muscle mass, and breast development.3. Body composition - Males tend to have more muscle mass and less body fat than females.4. Height - Males are typically taller than females.5. Voice pitch - Males tend to have a deeper voice pitch than females.6. Chromosomes - As mentioned earlier, males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes.
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List the potential challenges you may face when conducting a Research Design to investigate the impact of a school nutrition program on grade performance of students at high school. How would you deal with them?
You would face the issues of bias in sampling and compliance of subjects. This can be avoided by having a good experimental design.
What are the challenges?It can be difficult to ensure a representative and impartial sample of participants. You can use random sampling strategies to solve this and make sure the sample has a varied range of kids from various backgrounds and academic levels.
It can be difficult to ensure that children consistently participate in and adhere to the nutrition program. Improve compliance and reduce dropout rates by putting measures like frequent reminders, rewards, and communication with students, parents, and school personnel into place.
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1. Describe how the heart pumps
that enables blood to flow in one
direction through the heart.
Answer:
As the heart pumps blood, a series of valves open and close tightly. These valves ensure that blood flows in only one direction, preventing backflow. The tricuspid valve is situated between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Which body cavity has both anterior and posterior portions and houses many organs called viscera?.
The ventral cavity has both anterior and posterior portions a d houses many organs called viscera.
Numerous distinct organ systems are housed in the ventral cavity, the area inside the front of the body. The term viscera also refers to the internal organs of the ventral cavity. The diaphragm, a strip of skeletal muscle located below the lungs, divides the ventral cavity into anterior and posterior sections.
An region of the body that is filled with fluid that houses and protects internal organs is known as a body cavity. The numerous bodily cavities in humans are separated by membranes and other structures. The two largest body cavities in humans are the dorsal cavity and the ventral cavity. Between these two body cavities are smaller bodily cavities. The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities make up the ventral cavity. The cranial and spinal cavities are separated by the dorsal cavity.
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Suppose you find an animal that had gills and a backbone. What can you infer about where the animal lives and the type of animal it might be?
Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone or spinal column, also called vertebrae. These animals include fish, birds, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles. How are they classified? Invertebrates are any other animal that is classified out of that class.
Explanation:
Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone or spinal column, also called vertebrae.
What are vertebrates?Organisms with an internal backbone, sometimes known as a vertebra, are referred to as vertebrates. They have a robust bone skeleton that anchors muscle and supports the body's tissue. Invertebrates are defined as animals without spines.
A vertebral column is present in all animals. The nerve cord is encased and shielded by the vertebral column, or backbone.
Vertebrates also have a fully formed brain, eyes, a heart-powered circulatory system, a pharynx, and a muscular mouth. Vertebrates include animals including humans, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Vertebrates are categorized into seven living groups.
Therefore, Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone or spinal column, also called vertebrae.
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"Brain tissue is made up of grey matter and what other type of matter?"
Brain tissue is made up of two types of matter: grey matter and white matter. Grey matter contains the cell bodies, dendrites, and axon terminals of neurons, while white matter consists of myelinated axons that are responsible for transmitting signals between different parts of the brain.
The white matter gets its name from the fatty substance that surrounds the axons, called myelin, which gives the tissue its white appearance. Together, grey and white matter work together to ensure proper brain function, with grey matter processing and analyzing information and white matter providing the means for communication and connection between different areas of the brain. This complex interplay of brain tissue is crucial for a wide range of cognitive and physiological processes, from perception and emotion to movement and memory.
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Why do you think the top carnivores, that are tertiary consumers, cause there to be an increase thenumber of different types of species found in the ecosystems they live in?
Answer:
Bio Diversity
Explanation:
Top carnivores don't eat everything in the ecosystem which would let the uneaten species able to evolve and become new species (I don't know I'm just guessing sorry if this is wrong)
Which of these is NOT a factor contributing to the loss of biodiversity?
a
urbanization
b
climate change
c
planting of trees
d
over exploitation of species
Answer:
Option C
GOOD LUCK FOR THE FUTURE! :)
Planting of trees is not a factor contributing to the loss of biodiversity. Thus, option C is correct.
What is five kingdom classification?
The main purpose of the classification of the Five kingdom has been known R.H. Whittaker. The five kindoms that has were included in this proposal were the Fungi, Protista, Monera.
Animalia as well as the kingdom Plantae. There are mainly five criteria or the conditions based on which the classification has been madeup of. These criteria has been includes the structure of the cell, as well as the nutrition mode, organisation of the thallus, or the relations of reproduction and phylogenetic.
Based on shoe characteristics they were to develop a classification hierarchy of shoes, beginning with the shoe "kingdom" and becoming more and more specific, just like scientists did for the classification of living things.
Therefore, Planting of trees is not a factor contributing to the loss of biodiversity. Thus, option C is correct.
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dragonflies are more closely related to crickets than to cockroaches because the labels are closer. blank
Dragonflies are not more closely related to crickets than to cockroaches solely based on the proximity of their labels. Phylogenetic relationships are determined through genetic analysis and shared ancestry, which reveal that dragonflies are actually more closely related to cockroaches than to crickets.
The classification and labeling of organisms in taxonomy are not solely based on their physical proximity or appearance but are determined by their evolutionary relationships. In this case, the claim that dragonflies are more closely related to crickets than to cockroaches because the labels are closer is not accurate.
Phylogenetic relationships are established by analyzing the genetic similarities and differences among organisms. By comparing the DNA sequences or other molecular markers, scientists can determine the degree of shared ancestry and thus establish the evolutionary relationships between different species.
Studies based on genetic analysis have shown that dragonflies and cockroaches belong to the same order, called Dictyoptera, while crickets belong to a separate order called Orthoptera. This indicates that dragonflies are more closely related to cockroaches than to crickets, as they share a more recent common ancestor.
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A fish farmer has a large pool used to grow a species of fish. The farmer decides to add a second species of fish to the pool. Both fish species feed on the same type of food, but the fish farmer does not increase the amount of food added to the pool, maintaining the same carrying capacity in the pool.
Which graph shows how the population of the two fish species will change?
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The optic nerve passes information on to the {{c1::lateral geniculate nucleus}} of the thalamus
The optic nerve transmits visual information to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus.
The optic nerve is a bundle of nerve fibers responsible for carrying visual information from the retina to the brain.The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) is a small structure located in the thalamus, which acts as a relay station for visual information received from the optic nerve. The LGN is responsible for processing and filtering visual information before it is transmitted to the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe for further processing.
The optic nerve is the second cranial nerve and is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain. It consists of a bundle of axons from the ganglion cells in the retina, which come together to form the optic nerve.
In summary, the optic nerve passes visual information onto the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus, which is responsible for processing and filtering visual information before it is transmitted to the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
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some tissues contain microvilli, which are tiny extensions of cell surfaces that increase surface area to allow for more absorption and secretion to occur. what type of tissue has microvilli, and on what side of the tissue are microvilli found?
Epithelial tissues, or the tissues that line the body's cavities and organ surfaces, include microvilli.
Many parts of the body contain epithelial tissues, which are categorized according to their shape and function.
Microvilli are often present on the apical surface of epithelial cells, which is the portion that faces the lumen or the exterior of the body. The existence of microvilli enhances the surface area accessible for these processes to take place since this surface is frequently exposed to substances that need to be absorbed or released. The lining of the small intestine, the kidney tubules, and the inner ear are a few tissues that possess microvilli.
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8) What happened in factories during this time? What did all of this cause?
During the Industrial Revolution, factories were tiny and enclosed locations. They were frequently built without windows or sufficient ventilation
what does factories means ?
a structure or collection of buildings having facilities for the manufacturing of commodities.
any location that produces a homogenous product with little regard for individuality:
They call it a legal school, but it's really just a degree mill.
(previously) a place of business for factors and merchants doing business in another nation.
A plant is a structure or set of buildings where items are made.
Check out the factory ship.
A foreign business establishment for commercial agents or factors.
A rock band that was a hit-tune factory; a hotel that acted as an illicit narcotics factory were the sources of prolific output.
During the Industrial Revolution, factories were tiny and enclosed locations. They were frequently built without windows or sufficient ventilation, and as a result, the machinery rapidly caused the factory's interior temperature to rise substantially. All of this combined to make the workers' situation dreadful.
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What could happen to the human population if Earth’s resources were completely used up?
Answer:
If Earth's resources were completely used up, the human population could face serious consequences, including food and water shortages, energy crises, and economic instability. In the long term, it could lead to a decline in human numbers and potentially even extinction. Therefore, it is important to manage Earth's resources sustainably, to ensure their availability for future generations.
Answer:
If Earth's resources were completely used up, the consequences for the human population would be severe.
Firstly, the availability of basic necessities such as food, water, and energy would become scarce, leading to widespread famine, thirst, and lack of power. The depletion of resources such as oil, natural gas, and coal would cause the collapse of modern transportation, industry, and communication systems, leading to widespread poverty and social upheaval.
Moreover, without natural resources such as forests, minerals, and fertile soil, the human population would face environmental degradation and loss of habitat. This would lead to a decline in biodiversity and a reduction in the availability of essential ecosystem services, such as pollination and pest control.
In addition, the depletion of resources could lead to conflicts over the remaining resources, with countries, communities, and even individuals vying for control of the dwindling supplies. This could result in war, violence, and mass migration, leading to further instability and suffering for the human population.
In conclusion, if Earth's resources were completely used up, the consequences for the human population would be far-reaching and devastating, with severe impacts on health, security, and well-being.
Knitting yarn into a scarf is a
physical change
chemical change
Figure 1.20 shows part of a fungus. The photograph
was taken with an electron microscope.
Name the structure labelled A.
Answer:
the name of the structure is mycelium
Explanation:
it's made up of hyhae, the fruiting bodies and the shores
course hero what are homologous features? explain why they are important in biological classification, and give an example of a homologous feature.
They point to linkages in evolution. One such instance is the humerus bone, which is present in all vertebrates with limbs and was passed down from the ancestor of all vertebrates with limbs (an early amphibian).
What is the humerus bone and what does it do?The bone in your upper arm between your elbow and shoulder is called the humerus. Its primary job is to give your shoulder support and a wide range of arm movements.
What makes the humerus significant?The humerus supports the arm structurally and serves as the place at which numerous significant upper body muscles, including the pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, and rotator cuff muscles, insert.
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