please answer c and d
Give the definition of the components of the stress tensor σij in an elastic medium. [3] (ii) Consider a two-dimensional elastic crystal with a square lattice. Let (x, y) denote the coordinate system

In the earliest moments of the universe, shortly after the Big Bang, the universe was incredibly hot, dense, and filled with energy. At that time, all four fundamental forces of nature—the gravitational force, electromagnetic force, strong nuclear force.

As the universe expanded and cooled down, an event called cosmic inflation occurred. During this rapid expansion, the universe underwent a phase transition, causing it to expand exponentially within an extremely short period. This inflationary phase resulted in the uniformity and large-scale structure we observe in the universe today.

As the universe continued to cool down, it entered a phase known as the electroweak epoch. At this point, the strong nuclear force and the electroweak force were still combined. However, as the universe cooled further, the Higgs field, which is associated with the electroweak force, underwent a phase transition known as electroweak symmetry breaking. This led to the separation of the electromagnetic force from the weak nuclear force and the acquisition of mass by particles through their interactions with the Higgs field.

After the electroweak symmetry breaking, the universe entered the quark-gluon plasma phase, where particles called quarks and gluons roamed freely. As the universe cooled even more, the strong nuclear force, mediated by gluons, became confined within individual protons and neutrons. This confinement led to the formation of atomic nuclei during a period known as nucleosynthesis.

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Answer:

1) e

2)c

3)b

4)d

i dont know if these are right, but something along these lines if you understand the pattern

Explanation:

Your eye as well as the spider's image in the mirror are 1.28 meters apart.

A mirrors is a luminance that reflects light and creates an actual or fictitious picture. An device that returns an image is a reflector or looking glass, which reflects the image of the object when it is positioned in front of it. When focused through an eye or camera lens, light that reflects off a mirror will reveal an image of everything that was in front of it. Mirrors reflect light at an equal but opposite angle, reversing the orientation of the image.

The image distance is equal to the object distance:

Distance between the spider and mirror = 40cm

So, the image is formed 40cm inside the mirror

Distance between the person and mirror = 68cm

Distance between the image and person = 68+40= 128cm

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What Daryl said is correct and the relationship among them is a causation than a correlation, because we know that high pitched sound wave has more frequency than that of low pitched sound wave. and we also know that if the medium is same then velocity of wave is same* so if there is high pitched sound wave, it has shorter wavelength and if there's low pitched sound wave it has longer wavelength. since there's an inverse relationship between wavelength and frequency.

I hope it was easy to understand, let me know if you have doubts ~

Answer:

The correct option is;

F-Electrical

Explanation:

The energy moves through an electric circuit when the we put on the switch to allow the flow of current is electrical energy, which is the energy that is obtained from the existence of an electric potential difference (the kinetic energy of flowing electrons) in the completed circuit, that results in the flow of electrons from the negative to the positive terminals, and the flow of the electric current in the opposite direction.

Ignoring a defect in the exhaust system increases the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning, engine damage, decreased fuel efficiency, and potential safety hazards on the road.

Carbon monoxide is a toxic gas that can be deadly if inhaled in high concentrations, and a faulty exhaust system can lead to increased levels of this gas inside the vehicle. Engine damage can occur if the system is not functioning properly, leading to costly repairs or even engine failure.

Additionally, a malfunctioning exhaust system can decrease fuel efficiency and increase emissions, contributing to air pollution. Finally, ignoring defects in the exhaust system can pose a safety risk on the road, as a sudden failure of the system can cause the vehicle to stall or emit excessive smoke.

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Answer:

sorry

Explanation:

The statement that pressure refers to the ratio of force to the area over which the force is applied is True.

Pressure is defined as the amount of force exerted per unit area, and is expressed in units such as pounds per square inch (psi) or pascals (Pa). This means that the greater the force applied over a smaller area, the higher the pressure will be.

For example, if you press down on a table with your hand, the pressure you exert will be lower than if you press down with the same force using just the tip of your finger, because the force is distributed over a larger area in the first case. Understanding pressure is important in fields such as physics, engineering, and medicine.

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Initial velocity U = 0

Final velocity V = 32.23 m/s

Explanation:

Given that a coin is dropped from the top of the Tower of Pisa, 53m above the ground.

What is the coin's initial velocity ?

Since the coin is dropped from the tower, the initial velocity U will be equal to zero.

Therefore, U = 0

But the final velocity V will be calculated by using the formula

V^2 = U^2 + 2gH

V^2 = 0 + 2 × 9.8 × 53

V^2 = 1038.8

V = sqrt ( 1038.8)

V = 32.23 m/s

sorry if did not help :(

Answer: Bedrock

Explanation:

Bedrock is the solid layer of rock beneath the soil. Soil is a mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air, and water. The decayed organic material in soil is humus, a dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay.

Let's first resolve the two forces into their components as shown in the diagram below: The larger force (617 N) makes an angle of 46° with the horizontal axis.

Therefore, the horizontal component will be given by:

H = 617 cos 46°H = 617 × 0.69H = 425.73 N

The vertical component will be given by:V = 617 sin 46°V = 617 × 0.73V = 450.66 NOn the other hand, the smaller force (411 N) makes an angle of (90° - 46°) = 44° with the horizontal axis. Therefore, the horizontal component will be given by:H = 411 cos 44°H = 411 × 0.72H

= 296.52 N

The vertical component will be given by:V = 411 sin 44°V = 411 × 0.67V = 274.47 N The resultant horizontal component, R will be given by:R = 425.73 + 296.52R = 722.25 N The resultant vertical component, R will be given by:R = 450.66 + 274.47R = 725.13 N The magnitude of the resultant, R will be given by:R² = (722.25)² + (725.13)²R = √(522198.06)R = 722.82 N The angle that R makes with the larger force (617 N) will be given by:θ = tan⁻¹(725.13/722.25)θ = 45.23° Therefore, the magnitude of the resultant is 722.82 N and it makes an angle of 45.23° with the larger force.

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Answer:

V = 2500V

Explanation:

Given the following data;

Current = 0.5A

Resistance = 5K ohms = 5*10³ = 5000 ohms

To find the voltage;

Ohm's law states that at constant temperature, the current flowing in an electrical circuit is directly proportional to the voltage applied across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance in the electrical circuit.

Mathematically, Ohm's law is given by the formula;

\( V = IR\)

Where;

Substituting into the equation, we have;

\( V = 0.5 * 5000 \)

V = 2500 V.

Therefore, the voltage needed to pass the current is 2500 volts.

Answer: replicated

Explanation:

An essential part of the scientific method is that all experiments can be replicated; that is, anyone should be able to perform the experiment and obtain the same results.

The image of the truck formed by the rear-view mirror is smaller and virtual, located in front of the mirror.

To calculate the size of the image relative to the size of the truck formed by the rear-view mirror, we can use the mirror equation:1/f = 1/u + 1/v,

where f is the focal length (radius of curvature) of the mirror, u is the object distance, and v is the image distance.

Given that the radius of curvature of the mirror is 4m and the truck is located 5m from the mirror, we can determine the object distance:

u = -5m (since the object is behind the mirror and its distance is negative)

Substituting these values into the mirror equation, we get:

1/4 = 1/(-5) + 1/v

Simplifying the equation:

1/v = 1/4 + 1/5

1/v = (5 + 4) / (4 * 5)

1/v = 9/20

v = 20/9

Now, we can calculate the size of the image relative to the size of the truck using the magnification formula:

magnification = -v/u

Substituting the values:

magnification = -(20/9) / (-5)

magnification = 4/9

Therefore, the size of the image relative to the size of the truck is 4/9. This means the image formed by the rear-view mirror is smaller than the actual truck.

As for the position and nature of the image, since the image distance (v) is positive, the image is formed on the same side of the mirror as the object. In this case, it means the image is formed in front of the rear-view mirror. The positive image distance also indicates that the image is virtual.

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Answer:

Explanation:

speed of sound in 24 degrees celsius

345.48m/s

hence 345.48m/s x 3s = 1036.44m

We can start by using the formula for tangential acceleration:

a_t = r * α

α = a_t / r = 1.3 m/s^2 / 150 m = 0.00867 rad/s^2

a_total = √(a_t^2 + a_c^2)

where a_c is the centripetal acceleration. We can rearrange this equation to solve for a_c:

a_c = √(a_total^2 - a_t^2) = √(3.0^2 - 1.3^2) = 2.5 m/s^2

a_c = r * ω^2

where ω is the angular velocity. Rearranging this equation, we get:

ω = √(a_c / r) = √(2.5 m/s^2 / 150 m) = 0.1155 rad/s

Finally, we can use the formula for angular displacement:

θ= ω^2 * t / 2

v_i = 0

a = a_t

to find the time it takes for the car to reach the required total acceleration of 3.0 m/s^2:

a = (v_f - v_i) / t

t = (v_f - v_i) / a

t = v_f / a

where v_f is the final velocity. Using the formula for final velocity and the fact that the car starts from rest, we get:

v_f^2 = 2 * a_t * θ

v_f = √(2 * a_t * θ)

t = √(2 * θ / a_t)

t = √(2 * θ / 1.3) = √(1.5385 * θ)

t = v_f / a = √(2 * a_t * θ) / a_t = √(2 * θ / 1.3)

Setting these two expressions for t equal to each other, we get:

√(1.5385 * θ) = √(2 * θ / 1.3)

Squaring both sides and solving for θ, we get:

θ = 4.89 radians

Therefore, the car will have traveled through an angle of 4.89 radians when the magnitude of its total acceleration is 3.0 m/s^2.

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Answer:

Below

Explanation:

Speed of sound at 16 degrees C = 340.866 m/s

  (Speed of sound at 0 degrees C is 331.3 m/s   ....I do not know where they got the incorrect value of 345 m/s at 0 °C)

2.5 s   *   340.866 m/s =  852 m away from fireworks

It can be seen that the minor loss is much greater than the major loss. The friction losses in the straight pipe sections are negligible compared to losses in the threaded elbows and fittings of the system.

Diameter of the galvanized iron pipe (D) = 0.75 inc

Flow rate (Q) = 0.020 ft3/s it can be seen that the pipe system contains different fittings that are creating an obstruction in the flow of water.

The friction loss caused by the straight sections of the pipe is called the major loss. The friction loss caused by the fittings is called minor loss. The sum of both losses is called total head loss.

Calculating the minor loss:

The minor loss caused by each fitting can be calculated using the K factor. The K factor is defined as the ratio of the head loss caused by the fitting to the velocity head at the same section. The velocity head is given as;

VH = V²/2gWhere;V = Velocity of flow

g = Acceleration due to gravity

Now we can find the minor loss for each fitting as follows;

For threaded elbows;K3 = 0.6/(V²/2g)K3 = 0.6/(6.5209²/2×32.2)K3 = 1.6928For reducer;K4 = 1.75For Tee;K6 = 1.5For closed ball valve;K7 = 0.2

Total minor loss; ΔhL = Σ (K x VH)ΔhL = K3 x VH + K4 x VH + K6 x VH + K7 x VHΔhL = 1.6928 × (6.5209²/2×32.2) + 1.75 × (6.5209²/2×32.2) + 1.5 × (6.5209²/2×32.2) + 0.2 × (6.5209²/2×32.2)ΔhL = 0.4569 ft

Total head loss;ΔHTotal = ΔH + ΔhLΔHTotal = 1.7764 + 0.4569ΔHTotal = 2.2333 ft

The total head loss is 2.2333 ft. From the calculations, it can be seen that the minor loss is much greater than the major loss.

Therefore, we can conclude that the boss is right. The friction losses in the straight pipe sections are negligible compared to losses in the threaded elbows and fittings of the system.

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The total energy of the system is 19.58 J.

T = 2(0.029 m)/(2.2 m/s) ≈ 0.026 s

ω = 2π/T ≈ 241.9 rad/s

v = ωA = (241.9 rad/s)(0.029 m) ≈ 7.01 m/s

K = (1/2)(0.8 kg)(7.01 m/s)^2 ≈ 19.58 J

Amplitude refers to the maximum displacement or distance of a waveform from its resting position, also known as the equilibrium or zero point. It is a fundamental property of waves, including electromagnetic waves such as light and sound waves.

In the context of sound waves, the amplitude is often associated with the volume or loudness of a sound. A sound wave with a higher amplitude will produce a louder sound than a wave with a lower amplitude. However, it is important to note that the relationship between amplitude and volume is not always straightforward and can be influenced by other factors such as frequency.

In physics, the amplitude is often used to describe the strength or intensity of a wave. For example, in the study of light waves, the amplitude can be used to describe the brightness or intensity of the light.

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The original length of the coil spring is zero.

The force exerted by the weight of an object hanging from a spring is given by Hooke's Law as:

F = kx

where F is the force, x is the displacement from the spring's resting position, and k is the spring constant.

In this problem, we can assume that the spring is ideal and obeys Hooke's Law. We are given that the spring length when a 40-gram mass is suspended from it is 24 inches, and when an 80-gram mass is suspended from it, the length is 36 inches. Let's use these values to find the spring constant k:

For the 40-gram mass:

F = kx

mg = kx

k = mg / x

k = (0.04 kg) x (9.81 m/s²) / (0.6096 m)

k = 0.64 N/m

For the 80-gram mass:

F = kx

mg = kx

k = mg / x

k = (0.08 kg) x (9.81 m/s²) / (0.9144 m)

k = 0.86 N/m

Now that we have found the spring constant k for the coil spring, we can use it to find the original length of the spring without any weight applied. When no weight is applied to the spring, the displacement x is zero, so we can solve for the original length L as follows:

F = kx

0 = k(L - 0)

L = 0

Therefore, the original length of the coil spring is zero. This means that the spring was already compressed or stretched to some degree before the 40-gram mass was suspended from it.

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Answer:

B)  golf

Explanation:

i think

Galileo's experiments primarily challenged Aristotle's ideas about the types of motion.

According to Aristotle, objects of different weights would fall at different speeds, with heavier objects falling faster. However, Galileo conducted experiments with inclined planes and rolling balls, showing that objects of different weights, when released from the same height, would reach the ground at the same time. This contradicted Aristotle's notion of natural motion and supported the concept of uniform acceleration due to gravity. Galileo's findings laid the foundation for the modern understanding of motion and led to the development of the principle of inertia, which states that objects will remain in their state of motion unless acted upon by an external force.

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Answer:

a. To find the current in the circuit, we can use Ohm's Law which states that current (I) equals voltage (V) divided by resistance (R). The potential difference across R1 is given as 24 V, and we know the voltage of the battery is 40 V. Therefore, the potential difference across the other two resistances in the circuit must be 40 V - 24 V = 16 V.

Using Ohm's Law for each resistance:

I₁ = V₁ / R₁ = 24 V / 240 Ω = 0.1 A

I₂ = V₂ / R₂

I₃ = V₃ / R₃ = 16 V / 120 Ω = 0.133 A

Since the resistances are in series, the same current flows through all of them. Therefore, the current in the circuit is:

I = I₁ = I₂ = I₃ = 0.1 A

b. To find the equivalent resistance of the circuit, we can use the formula for the total resistance of resistors in series, which states that the equivalent resistance (R_eq) is equal to the sum of the individual resistances (R1 + R2 + R3):

R_eq = R1 + R2 + R3

R_eq = 240 Ω + R2 + 120 Ω (since R3 is given as 120 2 which we assume is a typo)

R_eq = 360 Ω + R2

c. To find the resistance of R2, we can rearrange the equation for R_eq:

R_eq = 360 Ω + R2

R2 = R_eq - 360 Ω

We don't know the value of R_eq yet, but we can find it using Ohm's Law again. Since the current is the same through all the resistances in the circuit, we can add up the voltage drops across each resistance to get the total voltage drop across the circuit:

V_total = V1 + V2 + V3

V_total = IR1 + IR2 + IR3

V_total = I(R1 + R2 + R3)

V_total = I*R_eq

We know that V_total is equal to the voltage of the battery, which is 40 V. Therefore:

40 V = I*R_eq

R_eq = 40 V / I

R_eq = 40 V / 0.1 A

R_eq = 400 Ω

Now we can substitute this value into the equation for R2:

R2 = R_eq - 360 Ω

R2 = 400 Ω - 360 Ω

R2 = 40 Ω

Therefore, the resistance of R2 is 40 Ω.

Answer:

hitting it with a hammer to determine if it breaks or bends

Answer:

exposing it to a flame to see if it catches on fire

Explanation:

A chemical property is when the matter changes into a different substance. This is true when you expose it to a flame because if a substance is burned, it will change into a new substance. All the other options are examples of physical changes.

-I also took the quiz and got 100%

Hope this helps!

Answer:

Dry lubricants or solid lubricants are materials that, despite being in the solid phase, are able to reduce friction between two surfaces sliding against each other without the need for a liquid oil medium.

Explanation:

Answer:

Your answer is graphite :) Have a nice day

Explanation:

The magnetic field at the center of a current-carrying loop is given by the formula: B = (μ₀/4π) * (2I/ r)

where B is the magnetic field at the center of the loop, I is the current in the loop, r is the radius of the loop, and μ₀ is the permeability of free space. In this case, we are given the magnetic field B = 3.00 mT = 3.00 × 10^(-3)  T and the radius r = 0.700 cm = 0.00700 m.Substituting these values into the above formula, we can solve for the current I: I = (B * r * 4π)/ (2 * μ₀)

I = (3.00 × 10^(-3) T * 0.00700 m * 4π)/ (2 * 4π × 10^(-7) T·m/A)

I = 0.0133 A

Therefore, the current in the loop is 0.0133 A (amperes).

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Answer: AERODYNAMIC BENEFITS

Explanation: The reason why a bicycle fairing will be helpful on a hand powered vehicle is because the fairing design is very important that is a long and also sealed fairing provides the best compensation for the added weight. However,for road riding,a tailbox may actually will not be able to repay the weight penalty.

a is correct

Explanation:

beacuse d is directly proportional bto velocity and the time taken

Answer:

C. d=vt

Explanation:

We are given this formula:

\(v=\frac{d}{t}\)

and asked to solve for the variable d.

In order to solve for d, we must isolate it on one side of the equation.

d is being divided by t. The inverse of division is multiplication. Multiply both sides of the equation by t.

\(t*v=\frac{d}{t} *t\)

\(t*v=d\)

\(tv=d\)

\(d=tv\)

Due to the commutative property of multiplication, we can switch the v and the t.

\(d=vt\)

The formula solved for d is d=vt and C is the correct answer.