photosystem 1 and photosystem 2 are both composed of integral membrane proteins. what are two evolutionary advantages to these systems being membrane proteins instead of soluble proteins?

Answer:

Ya ................................

Answer:

The grazing pattern of European cattle, the near-extermination of prairie dogs, and the plowing and cultivation of the land, did the damage. Plowing cut tallgrass root systems and interrupted reproduction. Drainage changed the soil's water content, and soil erosion lost soil

Answer:

south eastern hemisphere

Explanation:

it's found on easternmost and southernmost side of asia although it's called oceania it's generally south east

A modern method of controlling pests on crops that seeks to reduce but not eliminate pest populations is called Integrated Pest Management (IPM).

IPM is an environmentally friendly and sustainable approach to pest management that uses a combination of techniques to control pests, including cultural, physical, biological, and chemical methods. The goal of IPM is to maintain pest populations below economically damaging levels while minimizing the use of chemical pesticides.

IPM requires regular monitoring of pest populations, identification of the pest species, and the use of multiple control strategies that target specific pests at different stages of their life cycle. By using IPM, farmers can reduce the negative impact of pesticides on the environment and human health while maintaining crop yields and profitability.

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The actions listed can be classified into two phases of pulmonary ventilation: inhalation and exhalation.

During inhalation, the diaphragm moves inferiorly and the external intercostal muscles contract, causing the ribs to move up and out. This results in an increase in the width and volume of the thorax. This allows air to flow into the lungs. Therefore, the following actions are associated with inhalation: diaphragm moves inferiorly, external intercostals contract, and thorax increases in volume.

During exhalation, the diaphragm moves superiorly, the internal intercostal muscles contract, and the ribs move down and in. This results in a decrease in the width and volume of the thorax, which forces air out of the lungs. Therefore, the following actions are associated with exhalation: diaphragm moves superiorly, internal intercostals contract, and ribs move down and in.

The actions of external intercostals contracting, diaphragm moving superiorly, and internal intercostals contracting are associated with exhalation. The actions of diaphragm moving inferiorly, external intercostals contracting, and thorax increasing in volume are associated with inhalation.

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Laboratory instruments are sterilized prior to reuse by autoclaving (steam autoclave).

An autoclave is a device used in industrial and scientific procedures that call for higher temperature and pressure in comparison to ambient temperature. Before surgery, autoclaves are used to sterilize the area. In the chemical sector, autoclaves are used to vulcanize rubber, cure coatings, and perform hydrothermal synthesis.

Industrial autoclaves are employed in a variety of industrial settings, particularly in the production of composite materials. Sterilization autoclaves are frequently employed in the fields of microbiology and mycology, medicine and the manufacture of prostheses, tattooing and body piercing, and burial rituals.

They are frequently referred to as retorts in the chemical and food sectors and vary in size and function based on the medium to be sterilized.

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The yellow cast to the skin that indicates liver disease is referred to as jaundice.

Jaundice is a condition characterized by a yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes that indicates an elevated level of bilirubin in the bloodstream. Bilirubin is a yellow-colored substance produced during the natural breakdown of red blood cells in the body.

When the liver is damaged, it is unable to process bilirubin effectively, leading to a buildup of bilirubin in the bloodstream, which causes jaundice. The yellowing of the skin is not the only symptom of liver disease.

Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, swelling, and tenderness, nausea, and vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue, weight loss, and fever. The severity of the symptoms varies depending on the underlying cause of the liver disease and the stage of the condition.

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Answer:A trait is a characteristic pattern of behavior or conscious motive which can be self‐assessed or assessed by peers. The term type is used to identify a certain collection of traits that make up a broad, general personality classification.

Explanation:

Answer:

what food web?

Explanation:

The main factors in ecosystem diversity include the physical characteristics of the environment and the diversity of species present.

This involves the environment containing different types of species and is affected by certain factors.

The factors which affect ecosystem diversity include physical characteristics of the environment and the diversity of species present.

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Answer:

Roughage is the portion of plant foods, such as whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, that your body can't digest. However, it's an important food source for the beneficial bacteria in your gut. It may also aid weight management and decrease certain risk factors for heart disease.

Explanation:

Just reword this

Answer:

is the portion of plant foods, such as whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, that your body can't digest. Your body needs this because these plant foods benefit the good bacteria in your gut, also it decrease some risks for your heart

The dendrites are extensions of the cytoplasm of the cell that are to receive information, while the axon, a tubular extension of the body of the neuron, is to transmit information.

It is a cell of the central nervous system that has the ability to receive and decode information in the form of electrical and chemical signals.

The function of the dendrites in general is to make the main contact point for the neurotransmitters that arrive from outside.

The axon allows the passage of the electrical stimulus from one end of the cell to the other, at the end of the axon there is a series of terminals that allow it to physically connect with other neurons and cells of another type.

Therefore, we can conclude that the transmission of a nerve impulse causes an electrical discharge perceived by the axon of the neuron.

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During the first phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), the "alarm" response is suddenly activated. This phase involves the body's immediate reaction to a stressor, preparing for the adaptation process.

During the first phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), the "alarm" response is suddenly activated. This is the initial phase where the body responds to a stressor by activating the fight or flight response, which prepares the body to either confront or escape the perceived threat. This phase is followed by the resistance phase, where the body adapts and tries to cope with the stressor, and the exhaustion phase, where the body's resources become depleted if the stressor persists.

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Answer:

40

Explanation:

given

product of two numbers =160

hcf =4 we know that

hcf*LCM=product of the numbers

LCM*4=160

LCM=160/4

LCM=40

Answer:

Sporangiophore

Explanation:

a fertile hypha that bears a sac-like structure called a sporangium

The energetic cost of converting lactate back to glucose per molecule of glucose generated is 6 ATPs.

Lactate is produced by anaerobic respiration in muscles when oxygen demand exceeds supply, causing fatigue. The liver converts the lactate back to glucose, which muscles can utilize for further energy production. There are two main pathways that produce ATP in human cells: aerobic respiration (requiring oxygen) and anaerobic respiration (not requiring oxygen).

During anaerobic respiration, energy is obtained from glucose without the use of oxygen. As a result of anaerobic metabolism, red blood cells generate lactate. Red blood cells are the only mammalian cells that lack mitochondria and consequently depend solely on anaerobic metabolism for energy production. This reliance on anaerobic metabolism has significant consequences, with lactate being continually produced as a byproduct.

The liver is responsible for converting lactate back to glucose in a process known as gluconeogenesis. It is an ATP-intensive process that consumes 6 ATP molecules per molecule of glucose generated, according to research.

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Rabbits' coat color is determined by a gene with four alleles that compose a multiple allelic series. The possible gentoypes of chinchilla rabbits are 1) Cch Cch, 2) Cch ch, 3) Cch c.

When talking about allelic series, we refer to the alleles involved in trait determination. These alleles interact, and according to their dominance pattern, they express a certain phenotype.

A multiple allelic series usually refers to a gene with more than two alleles involved in the feature determination. One of these alleles is the most dominant one, another allele is recessive to all the other alleles, and intermediate alleles are dominant over some of them and recessive to others.

The four alleles involved in rabbits' coat color are part of a multiple allelic series.

To answer the following question, we should know that Rabbits' coat color is coded by a gene with four alleles,

So, the allelic series is C > Cch > ch > c

The possible genotypes of a chinchilla rabbit are,

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Answer:

the first answer

Explanation:

C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2

The wall of the eyeball is composed of 3 concentric layers: the sclera, the choroid, and the retina. The wall of the eyeball is composed of 3 concentric layers.

The sclera is the outermost layer of the eyeball and is made up of dense, fibrous connective tissue. This tough outer layer offers protection to the inner eye, and it is known as the white of the eye. The choroid is a vascular layer, and it's between the sclera and the retina. It has several blood vessels, melanocytes, and nerves, which are important for eye health. The choroid helps supply blood to the retina and provides nutrients and oxygen to it.

The retina is the innermost layer of the eye, and it contains the photoreceptor cells called rods and cones, which are sensitive to light. The retina is responsible for converting the light entering the eye into neural signals, which are then sent to the brain for processing.

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An example which shows that new cells are being made include the following below:

This is referred to as the simplest unit of life and undergoes division on the form of meiosis and mitosis to produce new cells.

An egg being fertilized by a sperm and developing into a zygote and a child growing requires the production of new cells and the cell division involved are meiosis and mitosis respectively.

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Answer:

created

Explanation:

you make engery by eating food

matter is made by making someing

Answer: Conserved

Explanation:

You cannot create nor destroy matter nor energy

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

Lungs aw we know are considered lateral to the heart. And the heart is medial to the lungs.

So the answer is YES

Answer:

The cells of the body produce waste materials. The body needs to get rid of these waste materials because they can make us sick. Getting rid of this waste keeps us healthy.

Answer: Water is a nonliving factor so it is considered abiotic. Abiotic is any nonliving factor of the ecosystem, With said that water is not living so it is considered abiotic. Hope this helps.

The correct answers to the questions are, in order, intrusive, sedimentary, extrusive, sedimentary, chemical, foliated, non-foliated and rock cycle.

8. Igneous rocks that form when lava cools under the crust inside Earth, rather than on the surface, are called INTRUSIVE Igneous rocks.

9. Rocks produced when pieces of other rocks, plant and animal matter, or dissolved minerals collect to form rock layers are called SEDIMENTARY rocks.

10. Igneous rocks that form when lava cools on Earth's surface are called EXTRUSIVE igneous rocks.

11. Detrital rocks are a kind of SEDIMENTARY rock made of grains from minerals or other rocks that have moved and been deposited in layers.

12. CHEMICAL rocks form from evaporation of seawater or from other chemical processes.

13. Metamorphic rocks that have distinct bands of minerals that have been heated and squeezed into parallel layers are called FOLIATED rocks.

14. NON-FOLIATED metamorphic rocks, such as quartzite, marble, and soapstone, do not have distinct layers or bands.

15. The ROCK CYCLE shows how rocks are recycled from one type to another.

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Answer:

It could mean that those two populations could be common ancestors because the spelling differences are the same

Explanation:

The similar spelling variations between the two populations could imply that they share common ancestry.

Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the name given to the genetic material carried by humans and nearly all other species. An individual's DNA is present in nearly all of their cells.

Nucleotides are the molecular building components that make up DNA. A phosphate group, a sugar group, and one of four different nitrogen bases make up these building components. Nucleotides are joined into chains and the locations of the phosphate and sugar groups are switched to form DNA strands.

Every cell in the body has DNA in its nucleus. Groups of these firmly bound fragments make form chromosomes. The majority of people possess 46 pairs of chromosomes, or 23 pairs per pair.

Thus, The similar spelling variations between the two populations.

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The false statement concerning infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is that certain serovars cause lymphogranuloma venereum, a rare but serious STD. This statement is partially true, as certain serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis can indeed cause lymphogranuloma venereum, which is a rare but serious STD.

However, it is not false to say that Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common cause of bacterial STDs, as it is indeed the most common bacterial STD in the world. Additionally, it is true that Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen, meaning that it can only survive and reproduce within the cells of its host.

Finally, it is also true that Chlamydia trachomatis is transmitted by contact, most commonly through sexual contact.

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1. The trophic level is something's position in the food chain/food web.

2. Energy travels through out the food chain because all the animals eat each other and take each other's energy. The decomposers are eaten, the producers are eaten, but the primary consumers get all the energy.

3. The energy decreases because each animal decomposes the energy a little, before getting eaten. By the time the food reaches the top of the web, the energy is barely left.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

C

Explanation:

When an organism eats anothee organism matter transfers