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Electric current flow is the result of the movement of b) cations and c) electrons.

Cations are positively charged ions that move towards the negative electrode, while electrons are negatively charged particles that move towards the positive electrode.

Anions, negatively charged ions, do not contribute to electric current flow as they move towards the positive electrode, opposite to the direction of electron flow.

Molecules, which are made up of atoms and can be charged or uncharged, do not move as a whole in electric circuits but their constituent particles, such as electrons and cations, may contribute to current flow. Therefore, options a) and d) are incorrect.

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The total nuclear charge of an atom is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus, which is also known as the atomic number. The atomic number of aluminum is 13, which means that aluminum has 13 protons in its nucleus.  1.6858 x 10⁻¹⁸ kg of aluminum has a total nuclear charge of 1.1 C.

The isotope of aluminum with 14 neutrons is known as aluminum-27, and its atomic mass is equal to 13 protons + 14 neutrons = 27 atomic mass units.

We can calculate the mass of aluminum with a total nuclear charge of 1.1 C by using the following formula:

mass = (total nuclear charge) / (elementary charge) x (atomic mass)

where the elementary charge is 1.602176634 x 10⁻¹⁹ C.

Plugging in the values, we get:

mass = (1.1 C) / (1.602176634 x 10⁻¹⁹ C) x (27 atomic mass units)

mass = 1.6858 x 10⁻¹⁸ kg

Therefore, 1.6858 x 10⁻¹⁸ kg of aluminum has a total nuclear charge of 1.1 C.

The nuclear charge, also known as the atomic number, is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The protons are positively charged particles, and the number of protons in an atom determines the atomic number and the identity of an element. The nuclear charge of an atom determines its chemical behavior, as elements with the same number of protons are chemically similar.

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Answer:

2 mole of Sodium hydroxide reacts with 1 mole of Sulfuric acid

Explanation:

Write down the equation in the beginning with reactants and products:

NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + H₂0

Now try to balance it. Try with Na first:

2NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + H₂0

Na atoms are balanced. There are 6 Oxygen atoms on the right and 5 on the left. Balance by increasing the H₂O moles:

2NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂0

Check if H atoms are also balanced. They are. That means our final reaction is:

2NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂0

2 Moles of NaOH reacts with 1 mole of H₂SO₄

The moles of sodium hydroxide required to neutralize 1 mole of sulfuric acid have been 2 mol.

The balanced chemical equation for the titration of sodium hydroxide against sulfuric acid has been:

\(\rm 2\;NaOH\;+\;H_2SO_4\;\rightarrow\;Na_2SO_4\;+\;2\;H_2O\)

From the balanced chemical equation, for the titration of 1 mole of sulfuric acid, 2 moles of sodium hydroxide has been required.

The moles of sodium hydroxide required for the titration of sulfuric acid has been:

\(\rm 1\;mol\;H_2SO_4=2\;mol\;NaOH\)

Thus, the neutralization of 1 mole of sulfuric acid has been required 2 mol of sodium hydroxide.

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Answer:

A new element

Explanation:

As you add mopre and more protons and electrons and neutrons it keeps on crating new.

The wavelength of the wave having a frequency of 5.00×10¹⁴ s⁻¹ is 6×10⁻⁷ m

We know that the velocity is related to wavelength and frequency according to the following formula:

Velocity (v) = wavelength (λ) × frequency (f)

v = λf

Thus, with the above formula, we can determine the wavelength. Details below:

Velocity (v) = wavelength (λ) × frequency (f)

3×10⁸ = wavelength × 5.00×10¹⁴

Divide both sides by 5.00×10¹⁴

Wavelength = 3×10⁸ / 5.00×10¹⁴

Wavelength = 6×10⁻⁷ m

Therforee, the wavelength is 6×10⁻⁷ m

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Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, the minimum number of grams of ClO₂ that a chemistry must use to make 50 g of HClO₃ is 47.92 grams.

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

6 ClO₂ + 3 H₂O  → 5 HClO₃ + HCl

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

The following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 422.25 grams of HClO₃ are formed from 404.7 grams of ClO₂, 50 grams of HClO₃ are formed from how much mass of ClO₂?

mass of ClO₂= (50 grams of HClO₃× 404.7 grams of ClO₂)÷ 422.25 grams of HClO₃

mass of ClO₂= 47.92 grams

Finally, 47.92 grams of ClO₂ is required.

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The correct order of increasing X-A-X bond angle is: H3O+ < HCN < H2O.

To determine the order of increasing X-A-X bond angle, we need to consider the molecular geometries of the given molecules: HCN, H2O, and H3O+.

1. HCN: In HCN, the central atom is carbon (C) bonded to a hydrogen atom (H) and a nitrogen atom (N). The molecule has a linear geometry, which means the X-A-X bond angle is 180°.

2. H2O: In H2O, the central atom is oxygen (O) bonded to two hydrogen atoms (H). The molecule has a bent or V-shaped geometry due to the presence of two lone pairs of electrons on oxygen. This lone pair repulsion causes a decrease in the bond angle. The X-A-X bond angle in H2O is approximately 104.5°.

3. H3O+: In H3O+, the central atom is also oxygen (O) bonded to three hydrogen atoms (H). The molecule has a trigonal pyramidal geometry, with the hydrogen atoms positioned around the central oxygen atom. The presence of the positively charged oxygen (H3O+) further distorts the geometry, resulting in a smaller bond angle compared to H2O. The X-A-X bond angle in H3O+ is less than 104.5°.

Therefore, the correct order of increasing X-A-X bond angle is: H3O+ < HCN < H2O.

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The ideal Relative Humidity (RH) is 50% in the building. Relative Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air compared to the amount of moisture that the air can hold at a particular temperature.

The ideal RH level for human comfort and wellness is between 30% and 60%.

A level below or above this range can cause several problems for humans as well as the environment. RH levels below 30% can cause issues such as dry skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, whereas levels above 60% can cause allergies, mildew, and mold.RH is also critical in industrial production facilities and laboratories, where there is a need to maintain strict control over environmental conditions.

Maintaining a specific humidity level is essential for the correct operation of certain types of machinery, equipment, and tools.RH levels also have an impact on the energy efficiency of buildings, as higher humidity levels can increase the amount of energy required to cool or heat the building.

Therefore, it is essential to maintain optimal RH levels to ensure human health and comfort and the efficient functioning of equipment and machinery. In conclusion, the ideal Relative Humidity (RH) in the building is 50%.

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Answer:

there are 6 atoms of oxygen in this compound

Explanation:

2CaCO₃ Oxygen= 2(which multiplies every element) × 3(which is the no of atoms just oxygen alone.) that is equal to six 6

The new freezing point of the solution is 1.09 °C.

Based on the given information, the freezing point of pure water is 0.0 °C, and the freezing point changes by 1.09 °C. To find the new freezing point of the solution, we need to add the change in freezing point to the freezing point of pure water.

0.0 °C + 1.09 °C = 1.09 °C

Therefore, the new freezing point of the solution is 1.09 °C.

When performing calculations with significant figures, it's important to consider the rule for addition and subtraction. According to this rule, the result should be rounded to the least number of decimal places among the values being added or subtracted. In this case, both the freezing point of pure water (0.0 °C) and the change in freezing point (1.09 °C) have one decimal place. Thus, the final answer is also rounded to one decimal place, resulting in a new freezing point of 1.1 °C.

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Answer:

E = 1.3*10^-18 J

Explanation:

E = hv

E = 6.626*10^-34 Js * 2 *10^15 s-1

E = 13.252*10^-19 J

E = 1.3*10^-18 J

Answer:

2 ×10¹⁵ × 6.626 × 10^-34= 13.25 × 10^-19

= 1.3 × 10^-18

Explanation:

The energy associated with an electromagnetic wave is given by Planck's constant (6.626 x 10-34 Js) times its frequency.

Answer: n=2,l=1,ml=1 n=3,l=2,ml=0 n=3,l=3,ml=2 n=4,l=2,ml=0.

Explanation:

hope it helps

Every restaurant kitchen has a hood suppression system that, when smoke is detected, releases wet chemicals over the fire's source.

Wet chem is a type of analytical methods that examines materials using traditional techniques like observation. Wet chemistry is the term used to describe the majority of analysis, which takes place in the liquid phase. Because many tests are carried out at lab benches, wet chemistry is sometimes known as bench chemistry.

Chemical wet The extinguishing agent may consist of water in solutions with potassium dichromate, potassium carbonate, potassium lactate, or a combination of these compounds, but this is not a requirement (which are conductors of electricity). The pH of the liquid agent is normally 9.0.

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Explanation:

HCl + __ => CuCl2 + H2O

The blank should be the metal, which is copper.

(This reaction is not spontaneous but can happen using electrolysis, etc.)

True. Sodium is indeed a mineral element that is one of the principle positive ions, also known as cations, in the human body. It plays a crucial role in various bodily functions such as maintaining proper fluid balance, transmitting nerve impulses, and supporting muscle function.

Sodium can be found in a variety of foods, particularly in salt (sodium chloride), processed foods, and certain types of dairy products. However, it's important to consume sodium in moderation as excessive intake can lead to negative health effects such as high blood pressure and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.  True, sodium is a mineral element and is one of the principle positive ions.

Sodium is indeed a mineral element and is one of the principle positive ions, or cations, in our body. It plays a crucial role in maintaining proper fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle function. Sodium is an essential element that our body needs for various physiological processes. As a positive ion, it helps in maintaining the balance of fluids inside and outside our cells. Sodium also plays a critical role in transmitting nerve impulses and aiding muscle contractions.

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If the pH of a solution is 11.2, then the concentration of [OH-] is 1.585×10³M.

The pH of a solution is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), which in turn is a measure of acidity.

Given : pH of a solution=11.2

we know that pH + pOH = 14

pOH = -log[OH-]

pOH = 14 - pH

       = 14 - 11.2

pOH = 2.80

-log[OH-] = 2.80

log[OH-] = -2.80

[OH-] = 10∧-2.80

[OH-] = 1.585 ×10∧-3 M.

Answer:

In a bottle.

Explanation:

I would like soda in a bottle because you don't get soda stuck in the aluminum can like you do a bottle. And it's also way more efficient because bottles have caps that you can screw on later, but aluminum doesn't.

In order to produce a nucleotide, the combinations 11, 12, and 13 may be combined.

The basic unit of DNA and RNA are nucleotides. Genetic material is present in them. Since many biological reactions involving enzymes require coenzymes, nucleotides serve in this capacity. ATP serves as the body's energy storage system.

A phosphodiester bond forms when the 5' phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 3'-OH group of another nucleotide come together during the incorporation of nucleotides into DNA (see below). Phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate forms the "backbone" of each DNA strand in this way.

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9.27 × 10⁻¹⁹ J and -2.18 × 10⁻¹⁸ J is  the average kinetic and potential energies of an electron in the ground state of a hydrogen atom.

In order to calculate the average kinetic and potential energies of an electron in the ground state of a hydrogen atom, we can use the following equations:

Kinetic energy: K = (1/2)mv²

where m is the mass of the electron and v is its velocity.

Potential energy: U = -E

where E is the energy of the electron, which can be found using the equation:

E = -13.6/n²

where n is the principal quantum number for the electron in the ground state of the hydrogen atom.

So, we need to find the mass and velocity of the electron. The mass of an electron is approximately 9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg, and the velocity can be found using the equation:

v = (Zke²/r)m

where Z is the atomic number of hydrogen (1), k is Coulomb's constant, e is the elementary charge, and r is the Bohr radius, which is equal to 0.529 Å.

Substituting these values, we get:

v = (1 × 8.99 × 10⁹ N·m²/C² × 1.60 × 10⁻¹⁹ C² / (0.529 × 10⁻¹⁰ m)) / (9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg) = 2.18 × 10⁶ m/s

Now, we can use these values to calculate the average kinetic energy:

K = (1/2)mv² = (1/2)(9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg)(2.18 × 10⁶ m/s)² = 9.27 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

And the potential energy:

U = -E = -(-13.6 eV) = 13.6 eV × 1.60 × 10⁻¹⁹ J/eV = -2.18 × 10⁻¹⁸ J

Therefore, the average kinetic energy is 9.27 × 10⁻¹⁹ J and the average potential energy is -2.18 × 10⁻¹⁸ J.

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The limiting reactant for the reaction between 27.3 g of iron and 45.8 g of oxygen is iron

We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction between iron and oxygen. This is given below:

4Fe + 3O₂ --> 2Fe₂O₃

Molar mass of Fe = 56 g/mol

Mass of Fe from the balanced equation = 4 × 56 = 224 g

Molar mass of O₂ = 16 × 2 = 32 g/mol

Mass of O₂ from the balanced equation = 3 × 32 = 96 g

SUMMARY

From the balanced equation above,

224 g of Fe reacted with 96 g of O₂

The limiting reactant can be obtain as illustrated below:

From the balanced equation above,

224 g of Fe reacted with 96 g of O₂

Therefore,

27.3 g of Fe will react with = (27.3 × 96) / 224 = 11.7 g of O₂

From the calculation above, we can see that only 11.7 g of O₂ out of 45.8 g given is required to react completely with 27.3 g of Fe.

Thus, Fe is the limiting reactant.

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The pH of the solution is 1.954. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.

The pH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution. Since HNO3 is a strong acid, it is almost completely dissociated in water, so the concentration of H+ ions in the solution is equal to the concentration of HNO3.

We first need to determine the concentration of nitric acid (HNO3) that has formed from the reaction of NO2 with water.

The molar mass of NO2 is 46.006 g/mol, so the number of moles of NO2 dissolved in 1.00 L of water is

4.18 mg / 46.006 g/mol = 0.0910 mol.

Since the reaction between NO2 and water is:

NO2 (aq) + H2O(l) → HNO3 (aq) + NO(g)

The number of moles of HNO3 formed is equal to the number of moles of NO2 present, which is 0.0910 mol.

So, the concentration of HNO3 is 0.0910 mol / 1.00 L = 0.0910 M.

pH = -log(0.0910) =1.954

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Answer:

Glucose is the carbohydrate produced by photosynthesis. Energy-rich glucose is delivered through your blood to each of your cells. ATP is the usable form of energy for your cells.

Explanation:

Answer:

960cm

Explanation:

5.0cm x 16cm =80cm

80cm x 12cm=960

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The enthalpy change, ΔH, for the reaction, given that 5 grams of octane, C₈H₁₈ is burned in the calorimeter containing 1200 g of water is 450 Kcal/mol

First, we shall determine the mole of 5 grams of octane, C₈H₁₈. Details below:

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of C₈H₁₈ = 5 / 114

Mole of C₈H₁₈ = 0.044 mole

Next, we shall obtain the heat absorbed by the water. Details below:

Q = MCΔT

Q = 1200 × 1 × 16.5

Q = 19800 cal

Finally, we shall determine the enthalpy change, ΔH, for the reaction. Details below:

ΔH = Q / n

ΔH = 19.8 /  0.044

ΔH = 450 Kcal/mol

Thus, the enthalpy change, ΔH for the reaction is 450 Kcal/mol

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1.42x10^24 molecules

40.0 grams NH3 (6.02x10^23/17.0 grams NH3)= 1.42x10^24 molecules

Answer: d)

Explanation: Sulfuric acid on reaction with sugar leads to the formation of a lot of heat indicating it to be an exothermic reaction, a large quantity of steam , a black carbon containing tube like structure pushing itself out of the beaker.It is demonstrated as:

C12H22O11 (sugar) + H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) → 12 C (carbon) + 11 H2O (water) + mixture water and acid

The process is actually the dehydration of sugar. It can be demonstrated by simply adding table sugar to a beaker and adding sulfuric acid to it. The process is followed by the release of heat, oxide fumes, and a black tube structure as mentioned. The white sugar on addition of this sulfuric acid get dehydrated and pushes itself outwards by forming a black carbon containing tube like structure.

Since the process is irreversible is nature therefore is a chemical change.

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Answer:

B : 4.6 billion years

Credits go to the person above me.

;)

Explanation:

EDGE 2021

The sun is about 4.6 billion years old. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

The Sun is made primarily of the elements hydrogen and helium. They account for 74.9% and 23.8% mass of the Sun in the photosphere. All heavier elements, called metals account for less than 2% of the mass, with oxygen (<1%), carbon (0.3%), neon (0.2%), and iron (0.2%) being the most abundant.

The hydrogen and helium in the Sun would have been produced by Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the heavier elements were produced by former generations of stars before the Sun was formed.

The amount of helium and its location within the Sun has gradually changed over the past 4.6 billion years. The proportion of helium has raised from about 24% to 60% due to fusion, and some of the He and heavy elements have settled from the photosphere toward the center due to gravity.

Therefore, the age of the sun is about 4.6 billion years.

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A maximum of 6 electrons can occupy a filled 3p sublevel.

In quantum mechanics, each electron shell is further divided into subshells, which are designated using the letters s, p, d, and f. The p sublevel has three orbitals, and each orbital can hold up to two electrons. As a result, the p sublevel can accommodate a maximum of six electrons. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the atomic number.

Therefore, the number of electrons that can occupy a filled 3p sublevel is determined by the number of electrons present in the atom. If an atom has 19 electrons, for example, the first 18 electrons will fill the 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, and 3p sublevels, and the remaining electron will be present in the 4s sublevel.

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