In the heart, action potentials spread across the ______ of cardiac muscle cells, causing them to contract.
Answers
In the heart, action potentials spread across the sarcolemma of cardiac muscle cells, causing them to contract.
SarcolemmaA muscle cell's cell membrane is known as the myolemma, or sarcolemma (Greek for "flesh" and "lemma," or "sheath"). It comprises of a thin polysaccharide layer that touches the basement membrane and a lipid bilayer. Numerous tiny collagen fibrils and specific proteins, including laminin, are present in the basement membrane and act as a scaffold on which the muscle fiber can attach. The actin skeleton within the cell is linked to the basement membrane and the cell's surface by transmembrane proteins in the plasma membrane. The surface layer of the sarcolemma fuses with a tendon fiber at each end of the muscle fiber, and the tendon fibers then aggregate into bundles to produce the muscle tendons that attach to bones.
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Related Questions
Use evidence in the table below to explain how changes in p53 results in * 5 points
greater cancer risk.
Full credit answers will have the following:
-Comparing each p53 protein shape and how they are different
-Explaining how amino acid order determines protein shape
Answers
The p53 protein plays a vital role in preventing cancer from developing in humans. The p53 protein's primary function is to monitor the cells' genetic material, checking for any damage.
If the protein detects damage, it can halt the cell cycle and initiate DNA repair mechanisms or even lead to cell death if the DNA damage is too severe.
The following are the changes in p53, and the way they result in greater cancer risk:Wild-Type p53: It is a functional tumor suppressor gene. Mutations in the p53 gene can result in a loss or reduction in p53 function, increasing the risk of cancer. A deletion mutation in exon 6 causes a loss of the protein's DNA-binding domain (DBD).
As a result, the mutant protein is unable to bind to its target genes and regulate transcription, resulting in greater cancer risk. Mutation in p53 protein causes misfolding, resulting in an unstable protein that is susceptible to degradation and ineffective at binding to its target genes. Mutant p53 proteins can also interfere with normal, wild-type p53 protein function, resulting in an increased risk of cancer.
The amino acid sequence of the protein is critical in determining its structure and function. Mutations in the DNA sequence that code for the p53 amino acid sequence can result in altered protein structure and function, resulting in an increased risk of cancer. Changes in p53 can result in greater cancer risk because the protein loses its ability to control cell growth and DNA repair, increasing the likelihood of developing cancer.
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Which researcher theorized that hypnosis comes about as a form of roleplay between hypnotist and subject? a. ernest hilgard b. theodore sarbin c. theodore barber d. milton erickson
Answers
Milton Erickson is the researcher who theorized the hypnosis that comes out form the roleplay between hypnotist and subject.
What do you mean by Hypnosis?Hypnosis may be defined as a state that corresponds to sleep but is caused by a person whose directions are readily accepted by the subject.
Milton Erickson performed a lot of research on the concept of hypnotism. He specializes in hypnotism and the unconscious state of mind to a larger extent.
Therefore, Milton Erickson is the researcher who theorized the hypnosis that comes out form the roleplay between hypnotist and subject.
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QUESTION 1 Exercise 11.10. Butterflies. Alice, Bob, and Charlotte are looking for butterflies. They look in three separate parts of a field, so that their probabilities of success do not affect each other. • Alice finds 1 butterfly with probability 17%, and otherwise does not find one • Bob finds 1 butterfly with probability 25%, and otherwise does not find one • Charlotte finds 1 butterfly with probability 45%, and otherwise does not find one Let X be the number of butterflies that they find altogether. Write X as the sum of three indicator random variables, X1, X2, X3 that indicate whether Alice, Bob, Charlotte (respectively) found a butterfly. Then X= X1+X2 +X3. Find the expected value of X by finding the expected value of the sum of the indicator random variables. Your answer will have two decimal places. **This is a straight forward expected value of a sum of random variables, nothing fancy here! QUESTION 2 Exercise 11.16. Flipping coins. Flip a coin until the second head comes up. Let X be the number of flips needed to get the second head. What is the E(X). The first step is to find the expected value of getting the first head. Is this like Example 11.10, sampling without replacement, OR like Example 11.11, sampling with replacement? O A. Example 11.10, sampling without replacement O B. Example 11.11, sampling with replacement QUESTION 3 Exercise 11.16. Flipping coins. Flip a coin until the second head comes up. Let X be the number of flips needed to get the second head. What is the E(X). The first step is to find the expected value of getting the first head. What is the expected value of getting the first head? This will be an integer answer. QUESTION 4 Exercise 11.16. Flipping coins. Flip a coin until the second head comes up. Let X be the number of flips needed to get the second head. What is the E(X). The next step is to find the expected value of getting the second head. Because this is identical to finding the expected number of rolls for the first head (independent events), we just multiply the first head's expected value by 2. This will be an integer answer. QUESTION 5 Exercise 11.17 (a). Waiting for favorite song. Michael puts his iTunes on shuffle mode where songs are not allowed to be replayed. He has 2,781 songs saved on iTunes, and exactly one of these is his favorite. How many songs is he expected to have to listen to until his very favorite song comes up? Is this like Example 11.10, sampling without replacement, OR like Example 11.11, sampling with replacement? A. Example 11.11, sampling with replacement B. Example 11.10, sampling without replacement
Answers
In Exercise 11.10, the expected value of the number of butterflies found by Alice, Bob, and Charlotte is obtained by finding the expected value of the sum of three indicator random variables.
In Exercise 11.16, the expected value of the number of flips needed to get the second head in a coin flipping experiment is determined. These exercises involve different scenarios of sampling with and without replacement.
In Exercise 11.10, the expected value of X, the total number of butterflies found, is found by calculating the expected value of each indicator random variable (X1, X2, X3) representing whether Alice, Bob, and Charlotte found a butterfly, respectively.
The expected value of each indicator variable can be obtained by multiplying the probability of success (finding a butterfly) by 1 and the probability of failure (not finding a butterfly) by 0. Then, the expected value of X is calculated as the sum of the expected values of the indicator variables.
In Exercise 11.16, the expected value of X, the number of flips needed to get the second head, is determined. To find this value, we first need to find the expected value of getting the first head. This scenario is similar to Example 11.11, which involves sampling with replacement.
Each coin flip is an independent event, and the probability of getting a head is constant at 0.5.
Therefore, the expected value of getting the first head is 1/p, where p is the probability of success (0.5 in this case).
In Exercise 11.17 (a), the scenario of waiting for a favorite song in Michael's iTunes playlist involves sampling without replacement. Each song played is not replayed, and there is only one favorite song among the total number of songs.
Therefore, this scenario is similar to Example 11.10, sampling without replacement.
To find the expected number of songs Michael needs to listen to until his favorite song comes up, the formula for sampling without replacement is used, which is the reciprocal of the probability of selecting the favorite song at each step.
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My father was crying it was the first time I saw him cry I had never thought it possible
Answers
Answer:
Yeaaaa well for me it's my step-dad because my dad died but i heard my step-dad cry with my mom they have separation depression and my mom had to take a flight with me somewhere but ya long story but i it made short- have a good day-! :D
Explanation:
Describe telephase (IN YOUR OWN WORDS)
-Thank you!
Answers
Answer:
Telophase is the last step of cell division, when chromosomes move in opposite directions so two new cells can be formed from one. When a cell is finishing the process of meiosis, it goes through a phase in which it's basically getting ready to split into two new cells telophase.
Explanation:
Describe the role of carbon in biological systems
Answers
Carbon is an important element that is necessary for the development and growth of the living organisms. It makes up the structure of living organisms.
Carbon having four valence electrons in it's outermost shell is able to bind with oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen to form biomolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These biomolecules are involved in various processes in the living organisms like defense, reproduction, growth, photosynthesis, respiration, and others. These biomolecules are necessary for the proper functioning, growth, metabolism, and development of living organisms. Conclusion: Hence, carbon acts as an integral element that is necessary for structure and function of the organisms.Learn more about carbon:
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what happen in meiosis during telophase II
Answers
Answer:
the chromosomes reach opposite poles, cytokinesis occurs, the two cells produced by meiosis I divide to form four haploid daughter cells, and nuclear envelopes form.
-Micoevolution.net
Explanation:
Finally, during telophase II, the chromosomes are enclosed in nuclear membranes. Cytokinesis follows, dividing the cytoplasm of the two cells. At the conclusion of meiosis, there are four haploid daughter cells that go on to develop into either sperm or egg cells.
For studying of human heredity, different methods of human genetics are used; among them, there are genealogical method and twins method. What can be determined by twin study
Answers
By comparing the identical twins (monozygotic twins) and non identical twins (dizygotic twins) who shares 100% and 50% of their genetic material respectively, one can determine the relative influence of genetics in compare to the environment.
Twin studies are most valuable tools in the field of genetics which allows the researchers and scientists to know about the contribution of genetic material and environmental factors among different traits and conditions. Twin studies provides highlight to the heridity which gives the proportion of phenotypic variation concered with the genetic factors. It helps to identify the genetic contribution to complex traits such as cancer, schizophernia, personality etc.
It also helpful in estimation of shared environmental factors which includes upbringing of several variable outcomes. One can study the similarities and dissimilarites between the identical and non - identical twins and determine the roles of nature and shaping of human traits to better understand the genetics and environment.
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Which of the following materials do cone bearing plants produce for reproduction?
O spores and pollen
O flowers
O egg and sperm cells
O anther and stigma
Long
Answers
Answer:spores and pollen
Explanation:
when the body temperature becomes abnormally high, thermoregulatory homeostasis is maintained by: group of answer choices an increase in blood flow to the skin and a decrease in sweat gland activity. an increase in sweat gland activity and blood flow to the skin. a decrease in blood flow to the skin and sweat gland activity. an increase in sweat gland activity and a decrease in blood flow to the skin.
Answers
Answer:
An increase in sweat gland activity an increase in blood flow to the skin.
Explanation:
When the body temperature is abnormally high, thermoregulatory homeostasis is maintained by sweating and vasodilation.
Sweating:
This is a mechanism by which the body cools itself through the evaporation of water from the skin .Water is removed in form of sweat. As sweat evaporates, it removes heat from the body, which helps to lower the body temperature by cooling effect.
Vasodilation:
This is a mechanism by which blood vessels in the skin dilate, allowing more blood to flow to the surface of the skin. This helps increase the amount of heat that is dissipated from the body, hence lower the body temperature. Also this increase in blood flow brings more oxygen to the cells of the body, which is important for maintaining proper metabolic function.#SPJ4
What is the basic unit - the building blocks – of all living things?
A Tissue
B Molecule
C Muscle
D Cell
Answers
Answer:
The cell of course
Explanation:
.......
Which of the following statements about brain structure and GENDER IDENTITY is true?
Select one:
a. A small sexually dimorphic nucleus (SDN-POA) is associated with a male gender identity in humans.
b. A small BNST is correlated with a female gender identity in humans.
c. A small INAH-3 is associated with a female gender identity in humans.
d. A large INAH-3 is associated with a female gender identity in humans.
Answers
what is traslocation
Answers
Answer:
The exchange of chromosome segment between non-homologous chromosomes is called translocation.
It is of two types:
Reciprocal translocationThere is an exchange of chromosome segments between two non- homologous chromosomes in reciprocal translocation.
Non- reciprocal translocationA part of chromosome is translocated from one non-homologous chromosomes to other so that one chromosome becomes deficient and another non-homologous chromosome gains the piece of chromosome and becomes long.
Hope this helps...
Good luck on your assignment..
what is astronomy jjjm
Answers
Answer:
Astronomy is the study of everything in the universe beyond Earth's atmosphere. That includes objects we can see with our naked eyes, like the Sun , the Moon , the planets, and the stars .
Explanation:
Answer:
Study of stars
Explanation:
it's dated back to the 6th century BC. Detailed records of observations were kept from about the 6th century BC, until the introduction of Western astronomy and the telescope in the 17th century. Chinese astronomers were able to precisely predict eclipses. Much of early Chinese astronomy was for the purpose of timekeeping.
Which of the following does NOT describe an acute injury?
over-stretching a muscle
popping a joint out of place
breaking an arm or leg bone
developing lung cancer
Answers
Answer:
developing lung cancer
Explanation:
i got it right on the assignment
Answer:
Developing lung cancer
Explanation: Edge 2021
Which of the following occurs during the first phase of ventricular systole?
A. The ventricles contract more forcefully.
B. The heart rate increases.
C. Increased stretch on the ventricle
D. The AV valves close, and ventricular pressure rises.
Answers
The correct answer is D. The AV valves close, and ventricular pressure rises.
The term "ventricular" is often used in the context of medical terminology, specifically in relation to the heart. It refers to the ventricles, which are two of the four chambers of the heart. The heart consists of the left and right ventricles, along with the left and right atria. The ventricles play a crucial role in pumping blood throughout the body.
The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and contracts forcefully to pump it into the aorta, which distributes the blood to the rest of the body. It is the largest and most muscular chamber of the heart. The right ventricle, on the other hand, receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary artery, which carries the blood to the lungs for oxygenation.
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Low extracellular ph activates trpv1 through the binding of h+ ions to trpv1. Describe the properties, including the location, of the site of trpv1 that allow h+ ions to bind. Describe the specific location in the cell where atf3 protein is produced.
Answers
The point of TRPV1 that allows H ions to bind is located in the transmembrane region of the protein.
It consists of a histidine residue, which is a appreciatively charged amino acid, that creates a fund which H ions can bind to. ATF3 protein is produced in the nexus of the cell. It's transcribed from the ATF3 gene and translates into the protein in this position. TRPV1( flash receptor eventuality cation channel subfamily V member 1) is a protein set up in the mortal body that acts as a receptor for colorful stimulants including heat, low pH, and certain chemicals. It's anon-selective cation channel that when actuated, allows ions to pass through the cell membrane. TRPV1 is an important part of the pain pathway, as it's responsible for seeing heat and initiating the sensation of pain. It's also involved in inflammation and body temperature regulation.
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What is the net energetic cost of converting two pyruvate to one glucose by gluconeogenesis in atp equivalents? group of answer choices
Answers
The net energetic cost of converting two pyruvate to one glucose by gluconeogenesis in ATP equivalents is 6 ATP molecules.
During gluconeogenesis, two molecules of pyruvate are converted into one molecule of glucose. This process requires energy in the form of ATP. Let's break down the steps and calculate the ATP equivalents:
1. Conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate: This step requires the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule to ADP and Pi (inorganic phosphate). So, for two pyruvate molecules, two ATP molecules are used.
2. Conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP): This step involves the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate and the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule to ADP and Pi. Therefore, two ATP molecules are used.
3. Conversion of PEP to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate: In this step, the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule to ADP and Pi is required. Hence, one ATP molecule is used.
4. Conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glucose: The hydrolysis of one ATP molecule to ADP and Pi is needed. So, one ATP molecule is used.
Therefore, the total ATP equivalents required to convert two pyruvate to one glucose by gluconeogenesis is 2 + 2 + 1 + 1 = 6 ATP molecules.
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Which of the substances below are PRODUCTS of the overall chemical reaction of
photosynthesis?
A. ammonia
B. Unitrogen
C. carbon dioxide
D. water
oxygen
sugars
Answers
Answer:
essentially glucose and oxygen are the products of photosynthesis
Explanation:
explain why lemon juice cured sailors but boiled lemon jucie didnt
Answers
Sailors had scurvy, which is caused by a lack of vitamin C. They were cured by lemon juice becaue it contains a lot of vitamin C. Vitamin C evaporates when the lemon juice is boiled so it wouldn't have the same effect.
help please
What adaptations do sand mason worms have to survive their environment?
What adaptations do sand mason worms have to survive their environment?
Question 1 options:
A stick out only a tube to feed
B hide in the sand
C build a tube of shells
D use tentacles on its head to capture food
Answers
Answer: I Think Its A/C
Explanation:
The adaption when sand mason worms have to survive their environment should be stick out the tube to feed.
What is the environment?It is the sum of the total elements, factors and the conditions that helped with the surrounding which create an effect on the development, action, or survival with respect to an organism or the group of an organism.
Based on the above explanation, we can conclude that the correct option is a.
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As a general rule, the greatest vulnerability to _____ occurs during the _____ period of prenatal development.
Answers
As a general rule, the greatest vulnerability to teratogen occurs during the embryonic period of prenatal development.
fetus is generally most vulnerable during their first 12 weeks of development. In this time major organs and body systems are formed and it can be damaged if the fetus is exposed to drugs such as radiation, tobacco, and chemical or any other toxic substances.
During embryonic development , organogenesis takes place between 14 days to 60 days that is post conception period . The developing embryo is most sensitive period towards teratogenesis when the fetus is exposure to a teratogenic agent it has high chances of producing a malformation.
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what causes mitosis, followed by cytokinesis, resulting in the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells.
Answers
Because all the genetic information is replicated and then equally distributed to the daughter cells during mitosis and cytokinesis, two daughter cells are produced that are genetically identical to one another.
During mitosis, daughter cells are actually generated that are genetically identical to the parent cells. Before copying, and "replicating," its chromosomes, the cell evenly distributes the copies to provide each cell a full set.The division of a parent cell's cytoplasm between multiple daughter cells formed either by mitosis or meiosis is known as cytokinesis. This is also frequently referred to as cell cleavage or cytoplasmic division. Cytokinesis, the physical separating of a two daughter cells, is the final step in cell division. This last process makes sure that the two developing cells' nuclear or cytoplasmic contents are evenly distributed.
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Osteocytes are located in ____________________ and function to ____________________.
Answers
Osteocytes are located in the bone that functions for bone health
Osteocytes, which make up 90–95 percent of the adult bone cell population, are former osteoblasts that turn into an unmineralized matrix (osteoid) during bone development. Recent reviews have examined the intricate process of the transition from osteoblast to an osteocyte.
Osteocytes may respond to mechanical strain by signaling bone production or resorption to the surface of the bone, altering their microenvironment, and controlling local and systemic mineral balance, among other things.
Osteocytes actively contribute to bone resorption. Osteocytes are the mechanosensory cells of bone and are essential to the functional adaptation of bone due to their extensive cell-matrix contact surface, which is engaged in ion exchange.
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How was Earths climate changed over time?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
These changes have been triggered by the changing configuration of continents and oceans, changes in the Sun's intensity, variations in the orbit of Earth, and volcanic eruptions.
which of the following is the most common method of photosynthesis?
A: C3
B: CAM
C: rubisco
D: C4
Answers
Answer:
B: CAM
Explanation:
Answer:
C3
-C3 was the original
C4 and CAM have been discovered recently and are only seen in a few types of plants.
Handbook of Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Practical Guide to Invasive EP Studies and Catheter Ablation
Answers
'Handbook of Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Practical Guide to Invasive EP Studies and Catheter Ablation
What does the book include?A thorough introduction to invasive cardiac EP studies is offered by The Handbook of Cardiac Electrophysiology. Its main goal is to make it easier for the reader to comprehend and analyze the recording and stimulation methods employed in an EP study. The book's main focus is on tachyarrhythmia diagnosis, but it also covers bradycardias, catheter ablation concepts, and novel mapping techniques. Clinical multichannel intracardiac recordings are used to illustrate the essential ideas, which are diagrammatically illustrated in original color illustrations. The book offers enough useful information for the reader to be able to plan an EP investigation and decipher the intracardiac recordings of the majority of frequent tachycardias.
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what is ecology?
=The study of the relationship between living things and their environment is called ecology.
Answers
Answer:
Ecology is the study of organisms and how they interact with the environment around them.
Explanation:
yep u r correct
The statement 'the study of the relationship between living things and their environment is called ecology' about ecology is TRUE.
Ecology and ecosystemsEcology refers to the interaction between different abiotic factors (non-living part) and biotic factors (living part) in an ecosystem.
Ecology represents a fundamental branch of biology.The biotic factors are represented by different populations of organisms that form a community in a given ecosystem.In conclusion, the statement 'the study of the relationship between living things and their environment is called ecology' about ecology is TRUE.
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How much water would you need to add 225. 0 ml of 1. 500 m sugar solution to make a 1. 000 m solution
Answers
You would need to add 337.5 mL of water to the initial 225.0 mL of the 1.500 M sugar solution to obtain a final solution with a concentration of 1.000 M.
To calculate the amount of water needed to dilute the sugar solution, we can use the formula for dilution:
C1V1 = C2V2,
where C1 and V1 are the initial concentration and volume, and C2 and V2 are the final concentration and volume, respectively.
In this case, we have C1 = 1.500 M (initial concentration), V1 = 225.0 mL (initial volume), and C2 = 1.000 M (final concentration).
To find V2 (volume of the final solution, which includes water), we rearrange the formula:
V2 = (C1V1) / C2.
Substituting the values, we get:
V2 = (1.500 M * 225.0 mL) / 1.000 M = 337.5 mL.
Therefore, you would need to add 337.5 mL of water to the initial 225.0 mL of the 1.500 M sugar solution to obtain a final solution with a concentration of 1.000 M.
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Please help will mark brainpower pic below
Answers
Answer:
The use of sunlight to make food :)
Answer:
The use of sunlight to make food.