In certain plant species such as tomatoes and petunias, a highly polymorphic incompatibility gene S with more than 100 known alleles prevents self-fertilization and promotes outbreeding. In this form of incompatibility, a plant cannot accept sperm carrying an allele identical to either of its own incompatibility alleles. If, for example, pollen carrying sperm with allele S1 of the incompatibility gene lands onto the stigma (a female organ) of a plant that also carries the S1 allele, the sperm cannot fertilize any eggs in that plant. (This phenomenon occurs because the pollen grain on the stigma cannot grow a pollen tube to allow the sperm to unite with the egg.) For the following crosses, indicate whether any progeny would be produced, and if so, list all possible genotypes of these progeny. Explain how this mechanism of incompatibility would prevent plant self-fertilization. How does this incompatibility system ensure that all plants will be heterozygotes for different alleles of the S gene? How do you know that peas are not governed by this incompatibility mechanism? Explain why evolution would favor the emergence of new incompatibility alleles, making the gene increasingly polymorphic in populations of tomatoes or petunias.
Answers
1. If pollen-carrying sperm with allele S1 of the incompatibility gene lands onto the stigma (a female organ) of a plant that also carries the S1 allele, the sperm cannot fertilize any eggs in that plant.
2. The incompatibility system ensures that all plants will be heterozygotes for different alleles of the S gene because of the presence of more than 100 known alleles of the gene.
3. Peas are not governed by this incompatibility mechanism because they have a different mechanism for preventing self-fertilization called the gametophytic system.
4. Evolution would favor the emergence of new incompatibility alleles because it allows the plant species to maintain genetic diversity and adapt to changing environmental conditions.
The phenomenon of the sperm cannot fertilize any eggs in that plan occurs because the pollen grain on the stigma cannot grow a pollen tube to allow the sperm to unite with the egg. Therefore, incompatibility prevents plant self-fertilization. The presence of more than 100 known alleles of the gene ensures that no two plants are genetically similar enough to self-fertilize, allowing the plant species to maintain genetic diversity. New alleles may confer advantages that allow plants to survive and reproduce more effectively, leading to their increased prevalence in the population.
Learn more about pollen: https://brainly.com/question/31116411
#SPJ11
Related Questions
A leukemia patient may suffer from low blood platelet count. What might occur because of the lack of platelets in the patient's blood?
A. The patient may develop lesions in the vein and artery walls where large clots will obstruct blood flow.
B.The patient may have internal bleeding and cuts may not stop bleeding.
C. The patient may suffer from many infections which could affect heart rate and blood pressure.
D. The patient may feel excessively tired because the blood cannot carry enough oxygen.
Answers
Answer:
B. The patient may have internal bleeding and cuts may not stop bleeding.
hopefully this helped :3
Answer:
Answer:C) The patient may have internal bleeding and cuts may not stop bleeding.
Explanation:
Platelets are cells that form scabs to help stop the bleeding of wounds. When you have low platelets, you can have fewer scabs at a time, so wounds will bleed more. If you have dangerously low platelets, any wound you have will not close and you will not stop bleeding without outside help.
if glucose is in higher concentration outside the cell than inside, but the plasma membrane and other surface layers of the cell do not allow glucose to pass through, which is the most likely type of transport for glucose? and Why?
a simple diffusion
b Osmosis
c Facilitated diffusion via a gated channel
d Facilitated diffusion via an aquaporin
e Facilitated diffusion via an ion channel
Answers
Answer:
a
Explanation:
ok ok as you were saying you said it is hard for the glucose concentration in the body this also had to go out so but the plasma membranes and other surfaces layers cell layers of the layer of the soil do not allow to close glucose to pass through which is most likely type of transport type of transport for kids and you still said why it is because it gives energy to the body
Discuss how biology and environment play a role in the development of a fetus. Which do you think has the most lasting impact on the development of a fetus: biology or environment?
Answers
Embryonic development is a complex process that is defined by many factors. But in general, we can say that it is affected by 2 important sources of change: genes and the environment. Genes hold the necessary information that will dictate how the embryo will develop and the characteristics it will have. However, the environment will define which genes will be expressed and carry out their function and which genes will be "dormant or silenced" and have no effect on the development of the embryo. Therefore, both are equally important, since on the one hand, if the genes did not exist, the embryo would not have the necessary information to develop. Meanwhile, on the other hand, if the cells did not respond to the inhibitory stimuli of the environment, for example, they would multiply unceasingly leading to the malformation or death of the embryo.
what are a group of similar organisms otherwise known as
Answers
A group of similar organisms is known as a species. In biological classification, a species is the basic unit of classification and represents a group of similar organisms
In biological classification, a species is the basic unit of classification and represents a group of similar organisms that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. A species is typically defined as a group of individuals that share common characteristics and can reproduce among themselves, but are reproductively isolated from other groups.
The concept of a species helps in organizing and categorizing the vast diversity of living organisms. It allows scientists to study and understand the relationships between different organisms and their evolutionary history. Species can vary in size and can include organisms ranging from microorganisms to large animals and plants.
The term "species" is derived from the Latin word "species," which means a kind or appearance. Each species is given a unique scientific name using a binomial nomenclature system, consisting of a genus name and a species name. For example, Homo sapiens is the scientific name for modern humans.
Overall, a group of similar organisms is referred to as a species, representing a fundamental category in biological classification and providing a framework for understanding the diversity of life on Earth.
To know more about species, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/31460432#
#SPJ11
Keystone species definition
Answers
Answer:
a species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change drastically.
The data table shows the percentage of amino acid
similarities found in a protein for several organisms
when compared to the same protein in rabbits.
Based on the data,which organism is most closely related to the rabbit?
a.hamster
b.pig
c.dog
d.cat
Answers
Based on the data, the organism that is most closely related to the rabbit is: b. Pig.
Which organism has the most similarity?According to the diagram, the organism that has the most closely related similarity to the rabbit is the pig. The pig bears 95.4% of amino acid similarity to the Rabbit. This is almost 100 percent similarity, so we can say that this animal bears the most resemblance to a rabbit.
Amino acids are base materials that are necessary for the formation of nucleotides and genetic materials so the similarity goes down to genetics.
Learn more about amino acids here:
https://brainly.com/question/14351754
#SPJ1
Which type of cell is found in plants and animals? *
Amniotic
Eukaryotic
Ketonic
Prokaryotic
Answers
Answer:
Eukaryotic
Explanation:
This is the answer because:
Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic cells, therefore, they contain membrane-bound organelles. For example, the nucleus, mitochondria, reticulum, golgi apparatus, and lysosomes.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
Eukaryotic
Explanation:
just did on flvs\
Which of the following statements is true as the moon goes from new moon to full moon
phase? Choose all that apply.
We see more of the lighted side of the moon.
We see less of the lighted side of the moon.
The time it takes to go from new moon to full moon is 2 weeks.
The time it takes to go from the new moon to full moon is 4 veeks.
Answers
Answer:
We see more of the lighted side of the moon because it is growing, so we see more
The time it takes to go from new moon to full moon is 2 weeks, because it takes a whole month (4 weeks) to go from new moon to full moon to new moon
P.S. PLEASE give me Brainliest?
When compared to a cheek cell a muscle cell contains more
Answers
cheek cells come from a non-keratinized squamous stratified epithelium. Those cells contain only one central nucleus. The muscle cell(i believe you are referring to a striated muscle) contains more nuclei
Cheek cells are a type of skin cell.
Muscle cells are responsible for movement in and out of the body. Muscle cells are elongated and possess contractile proteins like actin, and myosin.
What is the difference between a cheek cell and a muscle cell?Cheek cells are a type of skin cell. Muscle cells are responsible for movement in and out of the body. Muscle cells are elongated and possess contractile proteins like actin, and myosin. These proteins carry out contraction and relaxation of muscles and cause body movement.
What does a muscle cell have more of compared to a skin cell?Muscle cells have more mitochondria because muscles use mitochondria to produce energy which allows for movement.
Learn more about cheek cells at
https://brainly.com/question/18482815
#SPJ2
.
The fifth grade craft club is making aprone to sell
Each apron take 1.25 yards of fabrie that costs $3
per yard and 4.5 yards of trim that costs $2 per yard,
What does it cost the club to make one apren? If the
club wants to make $1.75 profit on each apron how
much should they charge per apron?
Answers
Answer:
Each apron costs $ 12.75, and to make a profit of $ 1.75 they should be sold for $ 14.50.
Explanation:
Since the fifth grade craft club is making aprons to sell, and each apron take 1.25 yards of fabric that costs $ 3 per yard and 4.5 yards of trim that costs $ 2 per yard, to determine what does it cost the club to make one apron, and, if the club wants to make $ 1.75 profit on each apron, how much should they charge per apron, the following calculations must be performed:
1 apron = 1.25 yards of fabric at $ 3 per yard and 4.5 yards of trim at $ 2 per yard
1.25 x 3 + 4.5 x 2 = X
3.75 + 9 = X
12.75 = X
12.75 + 1.75 = 14.50
Therefore, each apron costs $ 12.75, and to make a profit of $ 1.75 they should be sold for $ 14.50.
what is a 12 letter bug similar in shape to a mantis
Answers
The human cell cycle begins with how many chromosomes?
Answers
If you have to write this down, please use your own words because this is copied
Passive transport is called passive because it occurs WITHOUT
a. the cell membrane
b. light
c. the cell wall
d. energy
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is D) energy
Explanation:
Hope this helped Mark BRAINLIEST!!
What environmental input is necessary for the Calvin cycle reactions?
Answers
The environmental input that is necessary for the Calvin cycle reactions is carbon dioxide (CO₂). It is captured and utilized by the enzyme Rubisco to convert carbon dioxide into glucose during the process of photosynthesis.
The Calvin Cycle, also referred to as the dark reaction, C3 cycle, or carbon fixation, is a sequence of enzyme-assisted reactions that occur in the stroma of chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms. The Calvin cycle is responsible for transforming carbon dioxide (CO₂) into a high-energy molecule, which is used to produce glucose. This procedure occurs in three stages: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration. Environmental input for Calvin CycleIn the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide is required as an environmental input.
Learn more about Calvin Cycle: https://brainly.com/question/920840
#SPJ11
For an entire species to survive, it must allow for new generations to maintain the
population. This is the challenge of
______?
Answers
Answer:
EvolutionExplanation:
In order for species to survive over generations, they will have to adapt. Adaptation is a form of evolution.
I hope this helps!
In order for species to survive over generations, they will have to adapt. Adaptation is a form of evolution.
What is adaptation?A characteristic that has evolved to assist an organism survive and procreate in its environment is called an adaptation.
Studying the environment in which the creature lives is necessary to determine whether a characteristic is an adaptation or not since the environment affects how organisms evolve.
A behavior that allows for improved predator avoidance, a protein that works better at body temperature, or anatomical characteristics that enable an organism to access a lucrative new resource are all examples of adaptations.
Therefore, In order for species to survive over generations, they will have to adapt. Adaptation is a form of evolution.
To learn more about adaptation, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/29768035
#SPJ2
In studying the graphic below, what can you tell about the habitat in which the Balochistan walking whale lived in, in relation to the killer whale's habitat? Use the bones in the image to support your answer (which means EXPLAIN!!).
Answers
Answer:
Killer whales are found in all oceans. While they are most abundant in colder waters like Antarctica, Norway, and Alaska, they are also found in tropical and subtropical waters. The most well-studied killer whale populations occur in the eastern North Pacific Ocean.
Explanation:
1) Which of the following is a piece of biochemical evidence for all for all species that supports the theory of evolution from a common ancestor?a) aerobic respirationb) storage of DNA in the nucleic) production of the same types of proteinsd) use of the same genetic code
Answers
One biochemical evidence that supports the theory of evolution that says that we all come from a common ancestor is the fact that all organisms use the same genetic code for the translation of proteins, for example, the codon AUG codes for the amino acid methionine in all organisms.
This means D would be the right answer.
you are examining a cross section of a vessel from the circulatory system, and you observe only a single layer of smooth muscle in this vessel. this vessel is most likely a(an):
Answers
When you look at a cross section of a blood vessel from the circulatory system, you only see one layer of smooth muscle. Most likely, this vessel is a vein or an artery.
The vessel with a single layer of smooth muscle observed in a cross-section of the circulatory system is most likely an artery or a vein.
Arteries are the vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to different parts of the body, while veins are the vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
Both arteries and veins have three layers of tissues, but the middle layer of smooth muscle is thicker in arteries than in veins.
However, there are also small arteries, arterioles, and venules that may have only a single layer of smooth muscle.
Therefore, further observation and identification of the vessel's size and location will be necessary to confirm its identity.
For more such questions on Artery, click on:
https://brainly.com/question/10192464
#SPJ11
What organelle is known as the highways of the cell because nutrients travel through it?.
Answers
Answer: The correct answer to that should be the endoplasmic reticulum.
Explanation: I hope this helps!!!!!
Suppose a developer has proposed building a wind farm near where you live. Write a letter to your local newspaper or an online blog explaining your position for or against the project. Include the concept of net energy in your argument. Research how the electricity you use now is generated and where the power plant is located. Include this information in your argument.
Answers
Supporting the proposed wind farm: Harnessing renewable energy for a cleaner and resilient future while considering net energy and the benefits of local generation.
What are the advantages of supporting a proposed wind farm development in terms of renewable energy, net energy, and local generation?One of the key factors supporting my position is the concept of net energy. Traditional power plants, which heavily rely on fossil fuels, have limited lifespans and result in significant greenhouse gas emissions.
In contrast, wind farms harness the power of nature's abundant resource and generate electricity without depleting finite resources or contributing to harmful emissions. By investing in renewable energy infrastructure like wind farms, we can reduce our carbon footprint and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Additionally, considering the source of the electricity we currently use is essential. Most electricity in our region is generated by conventional power plants, predominantly fueled by non-renewable resources such as coal or natural gas.
These power plants are often located far from residential areas, necessitating extensive transmission infrastructure and increasing energy losses during distribution. On the other hand, a local wind farm would significantly reduce transmission losses, improving the overall efficiency and reliability of our energy supply.
Furthermore, the proximity of the proposed wind farm means we can tap into the inherent advantages of distributed energy generation. By generating electricity close to the point of consumption,
we can minimize transmission losses, increase energy security, and create local job opportunities in the growing renewable energy sector. This localized approach aligns with the principles of community resilience and self-sustainability, ensuring a more reliable and affordable energy future for our region.
In conclusion, the development of a wind farm in our community is a progressive step towards a sustainable and cleaner energy mix. By embracing renewable energy sources like wind power,
we can reduce our dependence on finite resources, decrease greenhouse gas emissions, and create a more resilient energy infrastructure. Let us seize this opportunity to lead by example and foster a greener and more sustainable future for generations to come.
Learn more about Harnessing renewable
brainly.com/question/2390558
#SPJ11
Why are certain constellations only visible during certain
times of the year?
Answers
Answer:
orion, big and little dipper and cancer.
Explanation:
Those are my thoughts I hope this helped.
Yeast cells can carry out both fermentation and cellular respiration, depending on whether oxygen is present. In which case would you expect yeast cells to grow more rapidly? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:
Because they can do aerobic cellular respiration, yeast would expand more quickly in the presence of oxygen. Fermentation (anaerobic respiration), in contrast to aerobic cellular respiration, only generates 2 ATP molecules.
_________________
Hope this helps you!
Have a great day!
Below are several statements about cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems in the human body. Some of the statements provide evidence of the different systems in the various levels of organization in the human body. Connect each level of organization to the statement that provides evidence of a system. (Not all answer choices will be used.)(Only one option can be selected in each section.)
Cells-
Tissue-
Organ-
Organ System-
Human Body-
Options:
1. The respiratory system exchanges gases with the atmosphere and supplies needed gases to the circulatory system for distribution to all the other cells.
2. The human body grows over time from birth until adulthood by getting needed resources from the environment.
3. The outermost layer of skin tissue does not get a supply of blood and must depend on diffused oxygen in the air.
4. Cells are the smallest units of living material and are common to all organisms on the planet.
5. All cells contain small structures, called organelles, that work together to keep the cell alive.
6. Muscle tissue is able to move because it is made up of many tiny cells, each of which can contract.
7. Humans have two kidneys, and both of these organs perform the same task.
8. Lungs work through an interaction of tissues that can exchange gases with the atmosphere, tissues that allow for gas exchange with the blood, and a protective outer tissue.
9. Nerves send information along the spinal cord to the brain and back down.
Answers
Answer:
Cells: 4
Tissue: 6
Organ: 8
Organ system: 1
Human body: 2
Explanation:
Why must macromolecules be broken down into smaller molecules during digestion?
Answers
How a drop of blood would travel through the vessels
Answers
Answer:
Blood comes into the right atrium from the body, moves into the right ventricle and is pushed into the pulmonary arteries in the lungs. After picking up oxygen, the blood travels back to the heart through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, to the left ventricle and out to the body's tissues through the aorta.
1. how is the reciprocal use of nucleotides useful in purine synthesis?
Answers
The reciprocal use of nucleotides in purine biosynthesis allows for the efficient use of metabolic intermediates and provides a mechanism for the synthesis of both adenine and guanine from a common precursor.
The reciprocal use of nucleotides is a key concept in the de novo biosynthesis of purines, which are essential components of nucleic acids. Purines are synthesized from simple precursors through a complex pathway involving the interconversion of various nucleotides.
In the purine biosynthesis pathway, the reciprocal use of nucleotides refers to the fact that the purine ring is constructed from two distinct nucleotide bases, namely, adenine (A) and guanine (G), which are synthesized from the common precursor inosine monophosphate (IMP). The synthesis of A and G involves the interconversion of various nucleotides, including adenosine monophosphate (AMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP), and xanthosine monophosphate (XMP), which are formed through a series of enzymatic reactions.
Know more about purine here: https://brainly.com/question/29495171
#SPJ4
the influence of polymer structure on the interactions of cationic polymers with dna and morphology of the resulting complexes
Answers
The influence of polymer structure on the interactions of cationic polymers with DNA and the morphology of the resulting complexes has a significant effect on the delivery of nucleic acids into cells. The type of cationic polymers and their concentration, the polymer structure, molecular weight, and degree of branching, as well as their interactions with DNA, all play a significant role in the formation and stability of the resulting polyplexes.
The morphology of polyplexes varies with polymer type and architecture, and this plays a vital role in gene delivery's efficacy and toxicity.
Among the most extensively investigated polymers are linear poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI), branched PEI, and poly-L-lysine (PLL).
PEI is a highly branched cationic polymer with primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, making it an efficient gene delivery vector.
In addition to PEI, PLL has been extensively investigated as a gene carrier.
It is a cationic polymer with lysine residues that can interact with negatively charged DNA.
Polymer concentration, molecular weight, degree of branching, and degree of protonation are all critical variables affecting the morphology of the polyplexes.
Read more about Morphology.
https://brainly.com/question/1378929
#SPJ11
6. is it possible that your antibiotic is targeting a component of the dna machinery? if yes, which one(s)? explain your answer. how would the action of the antibiotic affect replication?
Answers
My answer is yes, it is possible that antibiotics target a component of DNA machinery, and the component that they target is the ribosome.
Explanation:
Ribosomes are cellular structures that are responsible for synthesizing proteins, which is necessary for the proper functioning of cells.
Antibiotics that target ribosomes are known as protein synthesis inhibitors, and they work by binding to the ribosomes and preventing them from functioning normally.
The action of the antibiotic would affect replication by inhibiting the synthesis of proteins, which are necessary for the replication process.
Without the proper proteins, the process of replication would be slowed down or stopped altogether.
In addition, the antibiotic may also damage the DNA itself, which could cause mutations or other problems.
Overall, the use of antibiotics can have a significant impact on the replication process, and it is important to use them only when necessary to avoid any potential negative effects.
To know more about DNA machinery, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/29839862#
#SPJ11
during early diastole, there is a small pressure difference in the dastolic pressures across the atrioventricular valves, what is the result?
Answers
During early Diastole, there is a small pressure difference in the diastolic pressure across the Atrioventricular Valve, Passive filling from the Atria into the Ventricles.
What is an atrioventricular?With an atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), there are gaps between the right and left sides of the heart's chambers, and the valves that regulate blood flow between these chambers may not have developed properly.
Atrioventricular node location and function:The atrioventricular node, also known as the AV node, is part of the electrical conduction system of the heart and electrically connects the atria and ventricles to coordinate beating in the top of the heart. The right coronary artery supplies the atrioventricular node in a right-dominant heart. This structure's function is to link the atria and ventricles' electrical circuits,
To know more about Atrioventricular visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28240503
#SPJ4
enhancers bind to dna upstream of the promoter region and allow fill in the blank 1 to begin to catalyze mrna synthesis.
Answers
Enhancers are essential components of gene expression regulation, as they allow for specific genes to be transcribed in response to various signals and stimuli.
Enhancers are short DNA sequences that are located upstream of the promoter region. They play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression by increasing the transcription of specific genes. Enhancers bind to specific proteins called transcription factors, which in turn recruit other proteins to the promoter region to catalyze mRNA synthesis.Transcription factors and other proteins work together to create a complex that initiates transcription and enhances the efficiency of the process. Enhancers can be located thousands of base pairs away from the promoter region, but they are still able to regulate gene expression. This is because enhancers can loop around to the promoter region and interact with the transcriptional machinery.
When enhancers bind to transcription factors, they can trigger a conformational change in the protein, which enables it to bind to the promoter region and recruit other proteins necessary for transcription. The enhancer-protein complex can also interact with other regulatory elements to further enhance transcription.Overall, By binding to DNA upstream of the promoter region, enhancers can catalyze mRNA synthesis and control the expression of specific genes in response to different physiological and environmental conditions.Therefore, enhancers bind to dna upstream of the promoter region and allow fill in the blank 1 to begin to catalyze mrna synthesis.
Learn more about Enhancers here:
https://brainly.com/question/30894551
#SPJ11