Answer:
The negative charges of the surface will be attracted to the positive ends of the water molecule
Explanation:
A water molecule is a polar molecule. This means that the two ends of a water molecule are oppositely charged with one end being positive and the other end being negative.
When the positive end of a water molecule encounters a surface as shown in the attachment, where positive and negative charges are evenly distributed at rest, with the negative charges free to move, the negative charges will be attracted to the positive end of the water molecule due to the principle of electrostatics which states that unlike charges attract, while like charges repel. This means that negative and positive charges are attracted to each other while positive and positive or negative and negative charges are repelled from each other. Therefore, the water molecule will adhere to the surface because of the attraction between opposite charges.
The unlike charges will attract as expected based on the laws of electrostatics.
According to the laws of electrostatics, like charges repel while unlike charges attract. We are told in the question that water is a polar molecule with a positive and a negative end.
If the positive end of water dipole approaches the negative charges on the surface, the unlike charges will attract as expected based on the laws of electrostatics.
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what is the volume (ML) of water
Answer:
hello :)
One milliliter (1 mL) of water has a volume of 1 cubic centimeter (1cm3).
Which of these pairings with create an octet for each atom?
A. One aluminum atom and one oxygen atom
B. One magnesium and one chlorine
C. One magnesium and one oxygen
D. One potassium and one sulfur atom
Answer:
C) one magnesium and one oxygen
Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is a common component of fertilizer because it is a great source of two nitrogen-containing ions that easily dissolve into water. A large batch of this liquid fertilizer is made by adding 2.00 pounds of ammonium nitrate to 35.00 gallons of water. What is the molarity of this solution? (Hint: 1 lb. = 454 g and 1 gal. = 3.79 L.)
The molarity of the ammonium nitrate solution is 2281 M.
What is molarity?Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is also known as molar concentration of the solution and is used to calculate amount of substances in the solution.
Molarity = n/M
n = m / MW
m = 2 lbs = 1000/2.2 = 909 g
V = 53 x 3.79/1 = 200.9
MW = 80.04 g
M = m/Mw / V
M = 909/80.04 /200.9
M = 2281 M
Thus, the molarity of the ammonium nitrate solution is 2281 M.
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Which relationship or statement best describes ΔS° for the following reaction?
KCl(s) → K+(aq) + Cl−(aq)
Explain why.
A. ΔS° ≈ 0
B. ΔS° = ΔH°/T
C. ΔS° > 0
D. ΔS° < 0
E. More information is needed to make a reasonable prediction.
The ΔS° value for the reaction KCl(s) → K+(aq) + Cl−(aq) is ΔS° > 0, as the products have a higher degree of disorder than the reactant due to an increase in the number of particles in solution. Hence the correct option is (C) ΔS° > 0.
The ΔS° value for a reaction represents the change in the entropy of the system, which is a measure of the disorder or randomness of the system. The reaction KCl(s) → K+(aq) + Cl−(aq) involves a solid compound breaking down into two separate aqueous ions, which means that the products have a higher degree of disorder than the reactant. This increase in the number of particles in solution results in an increase in entropy, which means that ΔS° > 0. Option (A) is incorrect because the reaction involves a change in state, which results in an increase in entropy. Option (B) is incorrect because it represents the relationship between enthalpy and entropy, not the ΔS° value for this particular reaction. Option (D) is incorrect because the reaction results in an increase in entropy, not a decrease. Option (E) is incorrect because the given information is sufficient to predict the sign of ΔS°.
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Histamine is a substance that is released by cells in response to injury,
infections, stings and stuff that cause allergic responses, such as pollen.
Histamine causes dilation of blood vessels and swelling due to
accumulation of fluid in the tissues. People sometimes take antihistamine
drugs to counteract the effects of histamine. A sample of histamine having
a mass of 0.367 g is composed of 0.190 g of carbon, 0.031 g of hydrogen
and 0.146 g of nitrogen. What is its empirical formula?
Answer:
the emperical formula if histame is
Explanation:
C5H9N3
Is anyone good at chemistry if so can someone help me please ?
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As provided in the question, the pH of a solution is equal to the negative logarithm of the H₃O⁺ concentration in the solution (the square brackets denote the molar concentration).
We are given a solution with an H₃O⁺ concentration of 5.6 × 10⁻⁹ M. So, the pH of this solution would be:
pH = -log[H₃O⁺] = -log(5.6 × 10⁻⁹ M) = 8.25.
A pH that is equal to 7 is neutral; less than 7, acidic; and greater than 7, basic. As 8.25 is greater than 7, this solution is basic.
Calculate the corresponding weights of liquefied phenol and propylene glycol needed to prepare 24 15 ML - bottles of the following formula for a cood sore topical liquid:
liquefied phenol 0,4 mL
camphor 0,5 g
Benzocaine 2,2 g
Ethanol 65 mL
Propylene glycol 17 mL
Purified water ad 100 mL
Mass/corresponding weight of liquefied phenol = 1.5408 grams
Mass/corresponding weight of propylene glycol = 63.6 grams
Given that :
Total volume of the water bottles = 24 * 15 ml
= 360 ml
Volume of recipe after pure water is added = 100 ml
the number of units required = Total volume of water / volume of recipe
= 360 / 100 = 3.6 units
i) Determine the Mass ( weight ) of liquefied phenol
amount of liquefied phenol = 0.4 ml * 3.6 = 1.44 ml
given that density of liquefied phenol = 1.07 g/ml
∴ mass of liquefied phenol = density * volume
= 1.07 * 1.44 = 1.5408 grams
ii) Mass( weight ) of propylene glycol
amount = 17 * 3.6 = 61.2 ml
density of propylene glycol = 1.04 g/ml
∴ mass of propylene glycol = 61.2 * 1.04 = 63.648 grams
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When chlorobenzene reacts with Mg in ether followed by CO2 and neutralization with dilute HCl, __________ will be formed.
a. p-chlorobenzoic acid
b. p-deuterobenzoic acid
c. benzoic acid
d. benzene
e. No correct response
Answer:
c. benzoic acid
Explanation:
The given reaction is an example of a Grignard reaction:
When chlorobenzene (C₆H₅Cl) reacts with Mg in ether, an intermediate is formed (C₆H₅MgCl).
Said intermediate then reacts with CO₂ producing a benzoic acid salt (C₆H₅CO₂X), this salt is then neutralized with dilute HCl producing benzoic acid (C₆H₅CO₂H).
Describe a chemical property of iron that you observed.
Answer:
Iron can rust in damp conditions. Or, it can dissolve readily in dilute acids.
Explanation:
2.59 Using the periodic table to guide you, predict the chemical formula and name of the compound formed by the following elements: (a) Ga and F, (b) Li and H, (c) Al and I, (d) K and S.
Answer:
(a) GaF3, gallium(III) fluoride
(b) LiH, lithium hydride
(c) AlI3, aluminum(III) iodide
(d) K2S, potassium sulfide
Please i meed help quick and thank you
It is the 4th scenario is the dependent event. There are 7 gold tokens and 4 silver tokens in a cup. The first student randomly draws a gold token and keeps it. A second student randomly draws a gold token from the cup.
How did we identify the dependent event?The fouth scenario is a dependent event because the probability of the second student drawing a gold token is affected by the outcome of the first student's draw.
If the first student draws a gold token, then there are only 6 gold tokens left in the cup, the probability changes. but if the first student does not draw a gold token, then there are 7 gold tokens left in the cup, the probability will remain the same
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How many of the mentos would you use to have the biggest chemical reaction?
Write the correct formula of hydrogen
Answer:
here i hope it helps you
Explanation:
It is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly flammable diatomic gas with the molecular formula H2. It has an atomic mass of 1.00794. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and it has an atomic number of 1 . Hydrogen has a molar mass of 1 and it's molecular formula is H2.
Hope it helps
Initially, a 400.3 m³ spring-loaded piston-cylinder assembly contains R-134a at 600 kPa and 150°C. The refrigerant temperature was cooled to -30°C and the volume was 0.1 m³. Calculate the transfer and the work produced by the refrigerant during this process.
Indicate how the concentration of each species in the chemical equation will change to reestablish equilibrium after changing the concentration of the reactant or product. An up arrow indicates an increase in concentration, a down arrow indicates a decrease in concentration, and leaving it blank means there is no change in the concentration. after the concentration of Br₂ is decreased after the concentration of HBr is increased H₂(g) + Br₂(g) O 0 □ ↓ Answer Bank ↑ 2HBr(g) 0 □
The concentration of species in the reaction changes the reaction in the following ways: decrease carbon dioxide = forward direction of reaction.
The direction of the reaction can be assessed by the following. On increasing the concentration of the reactant the reaction processes in the forward direction. On increasing the concentration of product the reaction processes in the backward direction.
The given equilibrium is:
2CO(g) + O2(g) ↔ 2CO2(g)
increase CO = forward direction of reaction
increase oxygen = forward direction of reaction
decrease CO = no change in equilibrium as reaction not processes.
decrease oxygen = no change in equilibrium as reaction not processes.
increase carbon dioxide= reverse direction
decrease carbon dioxide = forward direction of reaction.
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You are offered a case of brandy supposedly bottled in the time of Napoleon for a really great price. Before buying it, you insist on testing a sample of the brandy and find that it has a tritium content of that of newly produced brandy. How long ago was the brandy bottled? Is it likely to be authentic Napoleon-era brandy?
The most important thing to remember about tritium sights is that they gradually lose their effectiveness over time. Tritium has a half-life of about 12.5 years, so tritium sights will only be half as bright in a little more than a decade.
What is the lifetime of tritium?Tritium is radioactive and has a half-life of approximately 12.5 years, which means that half of the radioactive atoms will naturally decay during that time. Although tritium can exist as a gas under controlled conditions, it is more commonly found as a liquid, because tritium, like hydrogen, reacts with oxygen to form water.The most important thing to remember about tritium sights is that they gradually lose their effectiveness over time. Tritium has a half-life of about 12.5 years, so tritium sights will only be half as bright in a little more than a decade.To learn more about : Tritium
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Which statement about the relationship between laws, hypotheses, and theories is true?
If 0.250 mol of red phosphorus reacts with 0.625 mol of yellow sulfur , what is the empirical formula of the product
Answer:
P2S5
Explanation:
This answer is pretty much asking for two numbers that are mutually prime and have a ratio of 0.25 to 0.625
0.25 = 1/4
0.625 = 5/8
the ratio of 0.25 to 0.625 would thus equal 1/4:5/8 which is 0.4
So, two numbers that are mutually prime and divide to 0.4
Set up the equation:
x/y = 0.4 where x is the moles of red phosphorus and y is the moles of sulfur.
With some trial and error, it's easy to find out that 2 and 5 are the solutions.
Since x = 2 and y = 5, the subscripts for the PxSy compounds are found.
P2S5 would be the empirical formula
Which of the following would be more reactive than magnesium (Mg)?
A. Calcium (Ca)
B. Potassium (K)
C. Argon (Ar)
D. Beryllium (Be)
Answer:potassium is more reactive than Mg because both lie in the same group and the element potassium has more electropositivity than magnesium
Explanation:
I hope it will help you
Answer: B. Potassium(K)
Explanation:
The idea that the behavior of the states of matter is determined by the kinetic energy and movement of their particles is called _____…
A. Sublimation Theory
B. Kinetic Movement Theory
C. Kinetic Molecular Theory
D. Van der Waals Theory
Answer:
C . Kinetic Molecular Theory
3. A Wilkinson’s catalyst is widely used in the hydrogenation of alkenes. Show a catalytic cycle, including: i. chemical structure of the catalyst, with complete stereochemistry ii. molecular geometry of catalyst iii. type of reactions involved iv. the appropriate starting material, reagent and solvent v. major and minor end-products vi. all intermediates, for each reaction stated in (iii)
We can see here that the catalytic cycle for the hydrogenation of alkenes using Wilkinson's catalyst involves several steps.
What are the steps involved?Here's an overview of the catalytic cycle, including the necessary details:
i. Chemical structure of the catalyst:
Wilkinson's catalyst, also known as chloridotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I), has the following chemical structure: [RhCl(PPh3)3]
ii. Molecular geometry of the catalyst:
The Wilkinson's catalyst has a trigonal bipyramidal geometry around the rhodium center. The three triphenylphosphine (PPh3) ligands occupy equatorial positions, while the chloride (Cl) ligand occupies an axial position.
iii. Type of reactions involved:
The catalytic cycle involves several reactions, including:
Oxidative addition: The rhodium center undergoes oxidative addition, reacting with molecular hydrogen (H2) to form a dihydride intermediate.Alkene coordination: The alkene substrate coordinates to the rhodium center, forming a π-complex.Hydrogenation: The coordinated alkene undergoes hydrogenation, resulting in the addition of hydrogen atoms to the double bond and formation of a metal-alkyl intermediate.Reoxidation: The metal-alkyl intermediate reacts with a hydrogen molecule to regenerate the rhodium dihydride species.iv. Starting material, reagent, and solvent:
The starting material is an alkene, and the reagent is Wilkinson's catalyst ([RhCl(PPh3)3]). The reaction is typically carried out in a suitable solvent, such as dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) or tetrahydrofuran (THF).
v. Major and minor end-products:
The major end-product of the hydrogenation reaction is the fully saturated alkane, resulting from the addition of hydrogen across the double bond. The minor end-product may include cis- or trans-configured alkanes if the original alkene substrate possesses geometric isomers.
vi. Intermediates:
The intermediates in the catalytic cycle include:
Rhodium dihydride complex: [RhH2(PPh3)3]Alkene-Rhodium π-complex: [Rh(η2-alkene)(PPh3)3]Metal-alkyl intermediate: [Rh(alkyl)(PPh3)3]These intermediates play a crucial role in facilitating the hydrogenation reaction and enabling the catalytic cycle to proceed.
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What is the mass of 6.02 x 1024 molecules of the compound HCl?
Answer:
First, we need to determine the molar mass of HCl.
The molar mass of HCl = the mass of hydrogen (1.008 g/mol) + the mass of chlorine (35.45 g/mol) = 36.45 g/mol.
Next, we can use Avogadro's number (6.02 x 10^23 molecules/mol) to convert the number of molecules to moles:
6.02 x 10^24 molecules / 6.02 x 10^23 molecules/mol = 10 moles
Finally, we can use the molar mass to convert moles to grams:
10 moles x 36.45 g/mol = 364.5 grams
Therefore, the mass of 6.02 x 10^24 molecules of HCl is 364.5 grams.
Determine the total kilojoules in two tablespoons
The total kilojoules in two tablespoons is 836.8 kJ.
To determine the total kilojoules in two tablespoons of a substance, we need to know the specific substance and its energy content per tablespoon. Different substances have different energy values, so without this information, it is not possible to provide an accurate calculation.
The energy content of food or substances is typically measured in kilocalories (kcal) or kilojoules (kJ). 1 kilocalorie is equal to 4.184 kilojoules. The energy content of a substance is often listed on food labels or in nutritional databases.
For example, if we have the energy content of a substance as 100 kilocalories (kcal) per tablespoon, we can convert it to kilojoules by multiplying it by 4.184:
100 kcal * 4.184 kJ/kcal = 418.4 kJ
So, if we have two tablespoons of this substance, the total energy would be:
418.4 kJ/tablespoon * 2 tablespoons = 836.8 kJ
It's important to note that the energy content of a substance can vary depending on its composition, density, and other factors. Therefore, it is always recommended to refer to reliable sources such as food labels, nutritional databases, or consult a qualified professional to obtain accurate information regarding the energy content of specific substances.
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Hypothesis II: Write the equation with Iron (III) Chloride and balance it: Iron + Copper (II) chloride --> Iron (III) chloride + Copper
Answer:
Fe + CuCl2 = FeCl2 + Cu
Explanation:
This is already balanced.
Gallium chloride is formed by the reaction of 2.6 L of a 1.44 M solution of HI according to the following equation: 2Ga + 6HCI-*2GaClg + 3H2
Outline the steps necessary to determine the mass of gallium chloride.
Step 1: start with the end in mind.
[ Choose ]
Step 2: cancel out the units from step 1.
[ Choose ]
Step 3: cancel out the units from step 2.
[ Choose ]
Step 4: cancel out the units from step 3
[ Choose ]
Step 5: multiply the top
[ Choose 1
Step 6: divide the top by the bottom.
[ Choose ]
Step 7: write your answer with the correct number of significant figures and correct unit[s).
[ Choose ]
The mass of the gallium chloride that was produced is given as 220 g.
What is stoichiometry?Stoichiometry involves the use of chemical equations and balancing those equations to ensure that the same number and types of atoms are present on both sides of the equation. The coefficients in the balanced chemical equation represent the stoichiometric coefficients, which indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products that are involved in the reaction.
We know that;
Number of moles of HCI = 1.44 M * 2.6 L
= 3.744 moles
If 6 moles of HCI reacts produces 2 moles of GaCl3
3.744 moles of HCl producs 3.744 * 2/6
= 1.248 moles
Mass of the GaCl3 = 1.248 * 176 g/mol
= 220 g
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If the [H+] is equal to 3.2x10-4 M it is a ______ solution *
Basic
Acidic
Neutral
Answer:
Acidic.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, we can know whether the solution is basic, acidic or neutral by computing the pH given the concentration of hydronium as shown below:
\(pH=-log([H^+])=-log(3.2x10^{-4})\\\\pH=3.49\)
Therefore, since the pH is lower than 7, we sum up the solution is acidic.
Best regards.
how can we get propanal from acetone
To convert acetone (propanone) to propanal, you can use a two-step process involving reduction and oxidation reactions. Here's a general outline of the process:
1. Reduction of Acetone to Isopropanol:
First, you need to reduce acetone to isopropanol (2-propanol) using a reducing agent. Common reducing agents for this step include sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) or lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH₄).
Reaction conditions:
- Acetone + NaBH₄ (or LiAlH₄) → Isopropanol
- Solvent: usually an alcohol (e.g., methanol or ethanol) or an ether (e.g., THF)
- Temperature: room temperature or slightly above
2. Oxidation of Isopropanol to Propanal:
Next, oxidize isopropanol to propanal using an appropriate oxidizing agent. A common oxidizing agent for this step is pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC), which selectively oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes without over-oxidizing to carboxylic acids.
Reaction conditions:
- Isopropanol + PCC → Propanal
- Solvent: an aprotic polar solvent (e.g., dichloromethane)
- Temperature: room temperature
- Avoid strong oxidizing agents like potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) or chromium trioxide (CrO₃) because they can over-oxidize the isopropanol to propionic acid.
Aqueous solution of two salts Na2CO3 and Na2SO4 is given. How to prove the simultaneous occurrence of both carbonate and sulphate anions?
Answer:
See the answer below.
Explanation:
If an aqueous solution of two salts contains both Na2CO3 and Na2SO4, the following steps will prove the occurrence of both carbonate and sulphate ions:
1. Add a dilute acid (such as HCl) to the solution. The presence of carbonate ion will result in the release of carbon dioxide gas which will be shown by formation of effervescent bubbles. The gas can be proven to be carbon dioxide by channeling it into a lime water which usually turns milky with the presence of the gas.
\(CO^{2-}_3(aq) + 2H^+(aq) ==> H_2O(l) + CO_2(g)\)
2. Add barium chloride to an acidified portion of the aqueous solution. The presence of sulphate ion will be indicated by the formation of white barium sulphate precipitate. Initial acidification is done to disperse off any carbonate ion that might be present in the solution and give a false-positive white precipitate result.
\(Ba^{2+}(aq) + SO^{2-}_4(aq) --> BaSO_4(s)\)
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Answer:
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What mass of Fe(OH)3 will be obtained when 100. mL of 0.240 M FeCl3 is mixed with 200. mL of 0.182 M NaOH?
Answer:
648.68 mg
Explanation:
The reaction that takes place is:
FeCl₃ + 3NaOH → Fe(OH)₃ + 3NaClFirst we calculate how many moles of each reactant were added, using the given volumes and concentrations:
FeCl₃ ⇒ 100 mL * 0.240 M = 24 mmol FeCl₃NaOH ⇒ 100 mL * 0.182 M = 18.2 mmol NaOH24 mmol of FeCl₃ would react completely with (24 * 3) 72 mmol of NaOH. There are not as many NaOH mmoles, so NaOH is the limiting reactant.
Now we calculate how many moles of Fe(OH)₃ are formed, using the moles of the limiting reactant:
18.2 mmol NaOH * \(\frac{1mmolFe(OH)_3}{3mmolNaOH}\) = 6.07 mmol Fe(OH)₃Finally we convert 6.07 mmol Fe(OH)₃ to grams, using its molar mass:
6.07 mmol Fe(OH)₃ * 106.867 mg/mmol = 648.68 mgThe 129.6 g mass of Fe(OH)₃ will be obtained.
How we calculate mass or weight from moles?Weight or mass of any substance can be calculated from mole as:
n = W/M.
Given chemical reaction is:
FeCl₃ + 3NaOH → Fe(OH)₃ + 3NaCl
According to the question:
Concentration of FeCl₃ = 0.240 M
Volume of FeCl₃ = 100 mL
Concentration of NaOH = 0.182 M
Volume of NaOH = 200 mL
Moles can be calculated by using the formula M = n/V mole/L 0r M = n×1000/V g/mL,
Moles of FeCl₃ = 0.240 × 100 = 0.024 mole
Moles of NaOH = 0.182 × 200 = 3.64 mole
From the stoichiometry of the reaction, it is clear that 3 mole of NaOH i.e. 109.2 moles of NaOH reacts with 1 mole of FeCl₃ to form product. So here NaOH is the limiting agent and responsible for the formation of product. Now we calculate how many moles of Fe(OH)₃ are formed, using the moles of the limiting reactant as follow:
Moles of Fe(OH)₃ = 1/3 × ( 3.64) = 1.21 mole
Finally we convert 12.1 mole Fe(OH)₃ to grams, using its molar mass:
W = 1.21 mole × 106.87 g/mole = 129.6 g
Hence, 129.6 gram of Fe(OH)₃ will be obtained.
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