Give the correct IUPAC names of the following
compounds.
a) CH3(CH2)5CH(CH3)2
b) CH3CH2CH(CH3)C(CH3)3
c) CH3(CH2)3C(C5H11)2(CH2)3CH3

The correct answer is option D.

The statement that formed the basis of Dalton’s atomic theory is atoms are the smallest particles of matter and cannot be divided farther.

In 1808, Dalton presented a theory named atomic theory which suggests that atoms are the smallest particles of an element and it is impossible to divide them further.

According to his theory every element is composed of these tiny particles.

Furthermore, his theory suggests that atoms neither can be divided nor destroyed.

In a particular matter, for example gold, all atoms have similar properties while their mass varies for every single different element.

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The complete question is:

Which of these statements is one of the conclusions that formed the basis of Dalton’s atomic theory?

a. Atoms can only change into atoms of another element through nuclear reactions.

b. Atoms of gases have less mass than atoms of liquids and solids.

c. Atoms of a particular element all have the same number of protons.

d. Atoms are the smallest particles of matter and cannot be divided farther.

Let's see that the first compound represents an oxide which is a combination resulting from the union of a metallic or nonmetallic element with oxygen. To name an oxide, you have to write "___ oxide", where the line is the name of the element. In this case, lithium is the element that is bonded with oxygen, so its name is lithium oxide.

The second compound that you can recognize as water, is an oxide too. So its name is also hydrogen oxide.

On completing and balancing the half-reaction of chromium (iii) forming from dichromate the number of electrons are either produced or consumed  are option (b): Three electrons are produced.

To determine the number of electrons produced or consumed in the half-reaction of chromium(III) forming from dichromate, let's first write the balanced half-reaction. The dichromate ion (Cr2O7^2-) is reduced to chromium(III) ion (Cr^3+) in this reaction. We can represent the reduction half-reaction as follows:

Cr2O7^2- ⟶ Cr^3+

To balance the half-reaction, we need to equalize the number of chromium atoms and oxygen atoms on both sides. Since there are two chromium atoms on the left side and only one on the right side, we add a coefficient of 2 in front of the chromium ion:

2Cr2O7^2- ⟶ 2Cr^3+

Now, let's examine the changes in oxidation state for chromium in this reaction. In dichromate (Cr2O7^2-), chromium has an oxidation state of +6, while in chromium(III) (Cr^3+), it has an oxidation state of +3. Therefore, the oxidation state of chromium decreases by 3 in this reduction half-reaction.

Reduction involves a gain of electrons. Since the oxidation state of chromium decreases by 3, it means that three electrons are gained by each chromium ion. Therefore, the correct answer is option (b): Three electrons are produced.

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Answer:

c. Six electrons are consumed

Explanation:

The first step is to ensure that the chromium atoms are balanced by adjusting the coefficients if needed. Do so by giving the Cr3+ ion a coefficient of 2.

Cr2O2−7 ⟶ 2Cr3+ (aq)

Next, balance the oxygen atoms by adding H2O molecules. The half-reaction has seven O atoms on the left and none on the right, so add 7H2O (l) to the right side.

Cr2O2−7 ⟶ 2Cr3+ (aq) + 7H2O (l)

Next, balance the hydrogen atoms by adding H+ ions. The half-reaction has 14 H atoms on the right side and none on the left, so add 14H+(aq) to the left side.

Cr2O2−7 + 14H+ (aq) ⟶ 2Cr3+ (aq) + 7H2O (l)

At this point, the charge can be balanced by adding electrons (e−). To do so, find the total charge on each side of the reaction. The left side has a total charge of (−2) + 14 × (+1) = 12+. The right side has a total charge of 2 × (+3) = 6+. Adding 6e− to the left side brings the charge down to 6+ to match the right side.

Cr2O2−7 + 14H+ (aq) +6e− ⟶ 2Cr3+ (aq) + 7H2O (l)

This gives us the answer to the question, which is that six electrons are consumed, since they are on the left side of the equation. Note that it does not make a difference whether the reaction is assumed to be in an acidic or a basic solution. The extra step taken for a basic solution is to add the same number of OH− ions to both sides of the reaction, which does not affect the number of electrons needed to balance the charges.

Answer:

40.002

Explanation:

The percent composition of carbon in acetic acid is 40.002%

The mass percentage of the carbon in the compound C₂H₄O₂ is 40.00 %.

The percentage of any element in a given compound is the number of parts by mass of that element present in 100 parts by mass of the given compound.

The mass percentage of an element can be calculated in two steps:

First, calculate the molecular mass of the compound by the addition of the atomic masses of the elements. Then, the percentage of the elements by dividing the total mass of the element present in the compound by the molar mass of the compound multiplied by 100.

Given, the molecular formula of the given compound is C₂H₄O₂. The atomic mass of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen is 12.011 g, 1.0079 g, and 15.999g respectively.

The molecular mass of the compound =  2(12.011) + 4(1.0079) + 2(15.999)

                                                                = 60.052 g

The mass percentage of the carbon = (24.022/60.052) × 100 = 40.001%

Therefore, the mass percentage of the carbon is equal to 40.00%.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

\(density = \frac{mass}{volume} \\\)

From the question

mass = 216 g

volume = 24 cm³

The density is

\(density = \frac{216}{24} \\ \)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

During an isobaric expansion, the temperature of the gas increases.

An isobaric process is a thermodynamic process that occurs at a constant pressure. During an isobaric expansion, the volume of the gas increases while the pressure remains constant. Since the gas does work on the surroundings by expanding, it loses internal energy, which results in a decrease in temperature. However, since the pressure is constant, the gas can exchange heat with its surroundings, and if the heat added is greater than the work done, the gas gains energy and its temperature increases. Therefore, during an isobaric expansion, the temperature of the gas increases if the heat added to the system is greater than the work done by the gas.

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Answer:

When CO2 levels become excessive, a condition known as acidosis occurs. This is defined as the pH of the

blood becoming less than 7.35. The body maintains the balance mainly by using bicarbonate ions in the

blood. As the body responds to neutralize this condition, an electrolyte imbalance – an increase of plasma

chloride, potassium, calcium and sodium, can occur.

Answer:

The sun is at the (edge) of our solar system

and is much (hotter) than anything else in the solar system (95%) of the entire mass of the solar system is contain in the sun

Answer:

725000

Explanation:

hope you find this helpfull

Answer:

The movement is random

Explanation:

Answer:

The right solution is "0.7107 J/g°C".

Explanation:

The given values are:

Mass,

m = 4.11 g

Temperature,

ΔT = 3.8°C

Heat,

Q = 11.1 J

The specific heat of silicon will be:

⇒  \(C=\frac{Q}{m \Delta T}\)

On substituting the values, we get

⇒      \(=\frac{11.1}{4.11\times 3.8}\)

⇒      \(=\frac{11.1}{15.618}\)

⇒      \(=0.7107 \ J/g^{\circ}C\)

The parts of the periodic table are;

1) Alkali earth metals

2) Alkaline earth metals

3) Metals

4) Transition metals

5) Lanthanides

6) Actinides

7) Noble gases

8) Halogens

9) Nonmetals

10) Metalloids

The periodic table is a tabular representation of the chemical elements arranged in order of their atomic number, electron configurations, and chemical properties.

The table is divided into rows and columns, with each row (also called a period) corresponding to a different energy level of the atom's electrons, and each column (also called a group or family) representing elements with similar chemical properties.

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Answer:

Soil permeability

Explanation:

Soil permeability is the ease with which gases, liquids or plant roots can penetrate or pas through the soil.

It is an important factor when considering soil property for agricultural purposes.

Answer:

Soil permeability

Explanation:

ANSWER

EXPLANATION

Given that;

The energy on the product side = -40KJ

The energy on the reactant side = - 9KJ

To find the change in energy, follow the steps below

From the energy diagram provided, The energy level on the product side is higher than the energy level on the reactant side

Step 1: Write the change in energy formula

Step 2: Substitute the given data into the above formula

Answer:

a) A satellite is warmed by sunlight.

Explanation:

Heat transfer by radiation mostly involves heat gain or heat loss from the Sun. In this case, Option A is the only option where sunlight is involved so it is the best example of heat transfer by radiation.

Answer:

use wire nettings

Explanation:

and cages

Answer:

c) Alkaline pH

Explanation:

Most of the pathogens we know today are classified as neutrophiles, meaning they prefer a neutral pH environment. Neutral pH is generally around pH 7, which is neither acidic nor alkaline. Pathogens that thrive in extreme pH conditions (highly acidic or highly alkaline) are relatively rare compared to those that can survive and grow within the pH range close to neutrality. Therefore, the majority of pathogens are adapted to function within a neutral pH range.

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Answer:

Endothermic

Explanation:

Notice that heat is written as part of the reactants. Therefore, heat is necessary for the reaction to proceed.

In other words, the reaction is endothermic.

Conversely, if the heat is written as part of the products, heat is released as the reaction proceeds and hence the reaction is exothermic.

Answer:

PbI₃ is the precipitate in the reaction

Explanation:

A precipitate is defined as a substance than appears after a chemical reaction because of the formation of an insoluble compound.

You can identify yhe precipitate in a chemical reaction because its state is solid (s). For example, in the reaction:

Pb(NO₃)₃(aq) + 3KI(aq) → PbI₃(s) + 3KNO₃(aq)

The Pb(NO₃)₃ and KI are soluble salts (Because are in (aq) medium) but the reaction produce a solid, PbI₃ and a soluble salt, KNO₃. The solid,

The molar mass of given acid H₂X is 85.1g/mol

Mass of  the H₂X = 0.1873 grams

Molarity of NaOH = 0.1052 M

Thus, the balanced equation

H₂X (aq) +2 NaOH (aq) → Na₂X (aq) + 2H₂O(l)

Calculating moles of NaOH

For 1 mol H₂X we need 2 moles NaOH to produce 1 mole of Na₂X and 2 moles of H₂O

For 0.0022 moles of H₂X we need 0.0044 moles of NaOH

Volume of the  NaOH = moles of NaOH / molarity of NaOH

Volume of the  NaOH =  0.0044 moles / 0.1052 M

Volume of the NaOH =  0.04189 L = 41.89 mL

We just need 41.8 mL of NaOH

Since number of moles of   H₂X is 0.0022

Number of moles= Mass/ Molar mass

0.0022= 0.1873/ Molar mass

Molar mass=  0.1873 / 0.0022

= 85.1 g/mol

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Although Zn is a reductant, it also becomes oxidised. Reason. Reductant is oxidised in a redox process by losing electrons, while oxidant is reduced by absorbing electrons. Hence (c) is the correct option.

This is the result of the more reactive metal, zinc, displacing copper, a less reactive metal, from its solution. As a result of this reaction, copper is reduced from an oxidation state of (+2) to (0) and zinc is oxidised from a state of ((0) to (+2) oxidation. Consequently, zinc is a reducing agent, whereas copper is an oxidising agent. When zinc is added to a solution of copper sulphate, zinc replaces the copper and creates zinc sulphate solution.

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The property of benzene that is a result of delocalisation of electrons in the benzene ring is the stability of the benzene ring.

Benzene is a colorless, highly flammable liquid with a pleasant odor. It's an important starting material for a variety of chemical products, including plastics, resins, synthetic fibers, rubber additives, and dyes. Its molecular formula is C6H6, and its structure is a hexagonal ring of carbon atoms, with a hydrogen atom bonded to each carbon atom. Each carbon atom also has a delocalized pi electron that interacts with the pi electrons of the other carbon atoms in the ring.

Delocalization is a general term for describing the movement of electrons away from a single atom or a pair of atoms. When the pi electrons in a benzene ring are delocalized, they move freely around the ring, creating a cloud of electron density above and below the ring. Because the electrons are free to move around, they don't belong to any single carbon atom in the ring but instead belong to the entire ring. As a result of the delocalization of electrons in the benzene ring, it has a high degree of stability, making it a common feature in organic compounds.

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The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the mixture is 0.851 atm when the total pressure of the mixture is 2.671 atm.

To find the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the mixture, you can use the following steps:
1. Identify the given information:
  - Total pressure of the mixture: 2.671 atm
  - Partial pressure of oxygen: 1.82 atm
2. Recall that the total pressure of a mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of its components. In this case, the mixture contains carbon dioxide and oxygen.
3. Use the formula for the total pressure of the mixture:
  Total pressure = Partial pressure of carbon dioxide + Partial pressure of oxygen
4. Substitute the given values and solve for the partial pressure of carbon dioxide:
  2.671 atm = Partial pressure of carbon dioxide + 1.82 atm
5. Rearrange the equation to isolate the partial pressure of carbon dioxide:
  Partial pressure of carbon dioxide = 2.671 atm - 1.82 atm
6. Calculate the partial pressure of carbon dioxide:
  Partial pressure of carbon dioxide = 0.851 atm

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Answer:

2.5×10^20atoms

Explanation:

number of moles= number of particles/Avogadro's constant

number of particles=Avogadro's constant × number of moles

number of particles=(6.02×10^23) × (4.1×10^-4)

number of particles=2.5×10^20

The amount or initial volume of the acid required is determined as 60 mL.

The amount of 12.5 molar acid required to create a 250.0 mL solution is calculated by using the following formula

C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Where

The given parameters include;

Initial concentration of the acid, C₁ = 12.5 M

Final concentration of the acid, C₂ = 3.0 M

Final volume of the acid, V₂ = 250.0 mL

V₁ = ?

The amount or initial volume of the acid required is calculated as;

12.5 (V1) = 3  x 250

V₁ = (3 x 250 ) / 12.5

V₁ = 60.0 mL

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Answer:

Both are small

Explanation:

Atom comprises to die molecules, and cell comprise to for tissues

Answer:

Explanation:

may u explain what u mean then i will be able to help u because i like knows this but what u mean will be better so i can tell u the right answer thanks have a good day