Explain why eukaryotic replicative DNA polymerases cannot copy both strands of the DNA completely and what would happen in the absence of telomerase both after one cell division and after many cell divisions.

Chemical digestion is B. the breakdown of food by enzymes in the digestive system.

This process breaks down complex food molecules into simpler molecules, such as amino acids and simple sugars, that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Enzymes are proteins that are produced by specialized cells in various organs of the digestive system. These enzymes work to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the small intestine.The chemical digestion process begins in the mouth with the release of saliva, which contains an enzyme called amylase that breaks down carbohydrates, the process continues in the stomach, where gastric juices containing enzymes and hydrochloric acid break down proteins.

Once the food has been broken down into smaller molecules, it is absorbed through the walls of the small intestine and transported to the liver for further processing. Chemical digestion is a crucial part of the digestive process, as it allows the body to obtain the nutrients it needs to function properly. Without proper chemical digestion, the body would not be able to extract the essential nutrients it needs from food. Chemical digestion is an important process that helps the body to break down food so that it can be absorbed and utilized by the body. So therefore the correctanswer is B. the breakdown of food by enzymes in the digestive system is chemical digestion.

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Answer:

the correct answer is B.

Explanation:

I just took the unit test .

Fixed-size chunk de-duplication is carried out at routers rather than on hosts. The considered packet is first intercepted in a router in real time or at the network endpoints.

What is Chunk size?

The largest physical disc unit devoted to database server data storage is called a chunk. Administrators can allocate disc space in a comparatively big unit thanks to chunks. The largest possible chunk size is 4 TB. The maximum number of chunks is 32,766.

She divided the fruit into big pieces. She speaks on the phone for a sizable portion of her day. He invested a lot of time on the undertaking.

A total of 65,536 blocks are divided into chunks that are 16 blocks wide, 16 blocks long, and 256 blocks high.

MongoDB uses chunk sizes that are 128 MB by default. You have the option of changing the chunk size. Think about the effects of altering the default chunk size: At the expense of more frequent migrations, small pieces result in a more even distribution of data.

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High blood pressure can place increased pressure on the walls of the blood vessels inside the brain, increasing your chances of developing an aneurysm. Also, it forces the heart to work harder to pump blood to the rest of the body. This causes the lower left heart chamber (left ventricle) to thicken. A thickened left ventricle increases the risk of heart attack, heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Moreover, blood vessels damaged by high blood pressure can narrow, rupture or leak. High blood pressure can also cause blood clots to form in the arteries leading to the brain, blocking blood flow and potentially causing a stroke.

So the correct answer is: All of thees choices are correct.

Answer:

One.

Explanation:

But each turn makes two G3Ps, thus three turns make six G3Ps. One is exported while the remaining five G3P molecules remain in the cycle and are used to regenerate RuBP, which enables the system to prepare for more CO2 to be fixed. Three more molecules of ATP are used in these regeneration reactions.

The Calvin cycle, also known as the biosynthetic phase, the dark reactions, the light-independent reactions, or the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle, is a set of chemical processes that turns carbon dioxide and hydrogen-carrier molecules into glucose.

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Answer:

constructive interference

Explanation:

when two waves build off of each other, they interfere with one another and construct. therefore, the answer is constructive interference.

When the path difference between subsequent crystal planes is equal to an integral number of electromagnetic radiation wavelengths, constructive interference occurs. Thus, option A is correct.

Where the lines (which represent the peaks) cross over one another, constructive interference occurs. In other words, constructive interference occurs when two waves are in phase.

When two waves are entirely out of phase (a peak is located in the middle of two waves), destructive interference ensues.

Constructive interference is the phenomenon where the total amplitude of two waves is equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the separate waves when two waves are in phase and their maxima add.

Therefore, constructive interference  best describes what happens if two waves meet and build on each other.

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Answer:

I believe it would be option a, beaks got longer because the only birds that survived had larger beaks that could crack the hard seeds

Explanation:

In years of extreme drought, Galápagos plants don’t produce new seeds. The small, delicate seeds get eaten up quickly, leaving behind only the largest, toughest seeds.

Answer:

(starting with the top left and working anti clockwise)

chloroplast: responsible for photosynthesis

vacuole: stores substances/waste needed for removal

cell membrane: thin semipermeable membrane that controls what enters and exits cell

nucleus: control center of cell

cell wall: provides structure and support for cell

mitochondria: power plant/house of cell

I'm sorry if I'm wrong I couldn't see the words properly.

The correct match is d. secondary sex characteristic- the widening of hips in females. Primary  characteristics are the physical features that are present at birth and are directly related to the reproductive system. These include the presence of ovaries and testes, as well as the internal and external genitalia.

Secondary  characteristics, on the other hand, are the physical changes that occur during puberty but are not directly related to the reproductive system. These changes include the growth of body hair, changes in voice pitch, and the development of breasts in females and the growth of muscles in males.

Out of the given options, the only correct match is d. secondary  characteristic- the widening of  in females. This is because the widening of  in females is a typical secondary  characteristic that occurs during puberty and is not directly related to the reproductive system. The other options are incorrect because the development of breasts in females is a primary  characteristic, while the production of sperm in males is also a primary  characteristic. The development of muscles in males is not a sex characteristic at all but rather a result of physical activity and exercise.

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Complete question:

You will find the pedigree in the attached files

Answer:

The correct option is C) maternal mitochondrial mutations are inherited by all of a mother's offspring.

Explanation:  

Mitochondrial inheritance is one of the ways in which a disease or a trait might be inherited from the maternal line.

Most of the DNI is located in the nucleus, but there is also DNI in mitochondria. Sperm cells hardly carry mitochondria, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother´s mitochondria carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if there is a man affected by a disease caused by a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.

In the exposed pedigree, we can see that the mother is affected by the disease, but the couple had two daughters, and only one of them was affected, while the other one was not. This tells us that the mutation occurred on a nuclear chromosome. If the mutated allele was in mitochondria, both daughters would be affected.

The pedigree suggests that the gene is on a nuclear chromosome, and not on a mitochondrial DNA because maternal mitochondrial mutations are inherited by all of a mother's offspring (Option C).

In conclusion, the pedigree suggests that the gene is on a nuclear chromosome, and not on a mitochondrial DNA because maternal mitochondrial mutations are inherited by all of a mother's offspring (Option C).

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Answer:

Genetic diversity is increased by independent assortment (genes are inherited independently of each other) and crossing over during meiosis. During meiosis, chromosomes (which are found in pairs) swap large portions of their molecules, causing genetic material to be mixed between them.

Explanation:

Answer: microbiologist

Explanation:

Systematic search refers to a methodical and organized approach to conducting research or gathering information in order to locate relevant and reliable sources.

It involves employing specific strategies and techniques to systematically explore various sources, such as databases, libraries, online resources, and academic journals, to gather information on a particular topic or research question.

In a systematic search, researchers follow predefined search criteria and methodologies to ensure that their search is comprehensive and unbiased.

This typically involves formulating specific research questions, identifying appropriate keywords and search terms, setting inclusion and exclusion criteria, and using advanced search techniques like Boolean operators and filters.

By employing a systematic approach, researchers aim to minimize the risk of missing relevant information and maximize the quality and reliability of the sources they retrieve.

Overall, a systematic search is a rigorous and structured process that helps researchers locate the most relevant and reliable information available, thereby supporting evidence-based decision-making and ensuring the integrity and validity of research findings

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The step that is unnecessary to develop a gene therapy treatment for cystic fibrosis is a) make antibodies to the defective CFTR protein to enhance the patient's immune system.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening genetic disorder, primarily affecting the lungs and digestive system.

To develop a gene therapy treatment for this condition, researchers have identified the defective CFTR protein as the cause of the illness, and have focused on ways to replace or repair the defective gene.

However, creating antibodies to enhance the patient's immune system is an unnecessary step in this process. Hence, option a is correct.

Instead, the latest research has focused on using gene editing techniques to replace the defective CFTR protein with a functional version, or to repair it in-situ. This has shown promise in clinical trials and is a promising step towards a cure for CF.

Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that results from a defective CFTR protein that alters ion flow through the cell membrane such that water does not cross the cell membrane. Gene therapy is being used to attempt to help cystic fibrosis patients. Which step is unnecessary to develop a gene therapy treatment for cystic fibrosis?

a) make antibodies to the defective CFTR protein to enhance the patient's immune system

b) make proteins to the defective CFTR protein to enhance the patient's immune system

c) none of the above

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Most ethical discussions about genome editing center on human germline editing because changes are passed down to future generations.

Answer:

Even if editing human genes is ethical, it would certainly cost money to edit your children. With that said, people with more money would be able to create stronger, faster, and smarter children. Anyone without enough disposable income would have normal babies. In essence, the physical capabilities of future people would be split by class. Thus, is it ethical to allow the divide by social class to be exacerbated by gene editing?

Answer:

Mayflies are often seen as a sign of healthy water ecosystems because they are very sensitive to pollutants., Because mayflies are an indicator of water quality. Mayflies are highly sensitive to algal blooms, increased nutrient concentrations, and pesticides.

Answer:

Explanation:

fur and milk

A duck billed platypus is classified as a mammal because it feeds its kids with milk and it has fur. They are very unsual because of the way they dig dirt burrows at the water's edge and how they dont have a stomach

Answer:

Sample answer

Like and rate

The duck-billed platypus’s name come from its snout, which looks a lot like a duck’s bill. It has another birdlike characteristic; it lays eggs, which is quite unusual for mammals. In fact, there are only five known mammals that lay eggs. The other four are four species of echidna, also called the spiny anteater. The duck-billed platypus is classified as a mammal because it has body hair, it’s warm-blooded, and the females produce milk.

Answer:

to move water relative to the cell in a regular movement of the cilia

B. It has a negative charge and much less mass than a proton.

Answer:

two hydrogen atom

Explanation:

Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4 is a chemical compound made up of two hydrogen atom, one sulfer atom, and four oxygen atoms.

Part A

Answer: (A) Candida Albicans and Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Explanation: They have the smallest difference in Cytochrome C

Part B

Answer: (B) The two species have high molecular homology

Explanation: Molecular homology means resemblances between species on the molecular level. Since the two species from the answer in Part A have the smallest difference in Cytochrome C it means they have high molecular similarities; this is due to evolving from the same common ancestor.

Growth in glucose and lactose will cause changes in Escherichia coli sugar metabolism and gene expression.

Glucose is the preferred energy source for E. coli, so when it is present in the environment, the bacteria will utilize it and upregulate the genes involved in its metabolism. This could include the induction of transcription factors and enzymes involved in the uptake and utilization of glucose.

Lactose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose, and its metabolism is much less efficient than that of glucose. As such, the presence of lactose in the environment will cause E. coli sugar metabolism and gene expression.

coli to downregulate the genes involved in glucose metabolism and upregulate those involved in lactose metabolism. This could include the induction of enzymes such as lactose permease and β-galactosidase, which catalyze the breakdown of lactose into its component monosaccharides.

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The correct order of events is: c. Chromosome condenses, d. Pairing up to form tetrad, b. Crossing over, a. Lining up on metaphase plate, e. Homologous chromosomes separate

During meiosis, the process of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells), several key events occur in a specific order.

Chromosome condenses (c): Before any interactions or movements, the chromosomes condense, becoming more compact and visible under a microscope.

Pairing up to form tetrad (d): Homologous chromosomes, which are similar but not identical, come together and pair up to form a structure called a tetrad. This pairing is important for the exchange of genetic material.

Crossing over (b): Within the tetrad, segments of DNA can be exchanged between the paired chromosomes. This phenomenon is known as crossing over and results in the genetic recombination between homologous chromosomes.

Lining up on metaphase plate (a): The tetrads line up along the metaphase plate, a structure in the cell where chromosomes align during metaphase. This alignment ensures proper separation of chromosomes during later stages of meiosis.

Homologous chromosomes separate (e): During anaphase, the homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. This separation ensures that each resulting gamete receives only one copy of each chromosome.

By following this sequence of events, meiosis ensures the proper distribution of genetic material and contributes to genetic diversity in offspring.

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A key defining feature of endocrine pathways is that they elicit rapid and robust changes to the body's physiology. Endocrine pathways are a vital part of the human body and are responsible for the communication and regulation of body functions. Endocrine pathways have distinct characteristics that distinguish them from other body pathways.

The hormones, which are the chemical signals of endocrine pathways, are released by glandular cells into the bloodstream, from which they reach their target organs or tissues.The hormones bind to specific receptors located on the plasma membrane of their target cells and exert their effects by initiating a cascade of intracellular signaling pathways. The binding of a hormone to its receptor results in changes in gene expression, metabolism, or other physiological processes that are critical to the regulation and homeostasis of the body.

The response to hormone signaling is usually rapid and robust, which allows for quick adaptation to changes in the environment. In conclusion, the answer to the question is that a key defining feature of endocrine pathways is that they elicit rapid and robust changes to the body's physiology.

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Answer:

Yes, but the process is too slow

Explanation:

We pack almost everything in this material and plastic has become a very normal occurrence in the modern world. Each year, people used 1.6 million barrels of oil just to make plastic bottles.

On the other hand, nature takes about 1000 years to develop a single plastic object, while plastic material takes about 240 years.

As concentration of substrate is increased in a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, the reaction rate will stop increasing once saturation is reached because all enzymes are actively engaged in a reaction.

In the field of science, enzymes can be described as biological catalysts that speed up a reaction.

An enzyme is specific for its activity as a specific substrate fits into the active site of the enzyme. When the concentration of a substrate is increased, the rate of reaction will also increase until saturation is achieved. This will be the point where there will be no more free active sites of enzymes left for substrates. Each enzyme will already be having a substrate at this point.

In order to further increase the reaction rate, the quantity of the enzyme should also be increased so that there are more active sites present for substrates.

Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:

As concentration of substrate is increased in a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, the reaction rate will stop increasing once saturation is reached because

A. There are too many enzymes available and not enough substrate

B. once the enzyme reacts once, they cannot react again

C. all enzymes are already engaged in a reaction

D. increasing substrate inhibits enzyme activity

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