Explain in a mechanistic manner how a disruption in cell membrane can affect life.

Answers

Answer 1
Eukaryotic cells have been confronted throughout their evolution with potentially lethal plasma membrane injuries, including those caused by osmotic stress, by infection from bacterial toxins and parasites, and by mechanical and ischemic stress. The wounded cell can survive if a rapid repair response is mounted that restores boundary integrity. Calcium has been identified as the key trigger to activate an effective membrane repair response that utilizes exocytosis and endocytosis to repair a membrane tear, or remove a membrane pore. We here review what is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms of membrane repair, with particular emphasis on the relevance of repair as it relates to disease pathologies. Collective evidence reveals membrane repair employs primitive yet robust molecular machinery, such as vesicle fusion and contractile rings, processes evolutionarily honed for simplicity and success. Yet to be fully understood is whether core membrane repair machinery exists in all cells, or whether evolutionary adaptation has resulted in multiple compensatory repair pathways that specialize in different tissues and cells within our body.

Related Questions

Why do you think it is important to finish all of the antibiotic that a doctor
gives you?

Why do you think it is important to finish all of the antibiotic that a doctorgives you?

Answers

Explanation:

If you stop treatment before the antibiotic cycle is over, the remaining bacteria can continue to multiply. If these bacteria become resistant to antibiotics, they can potentially do even more harm. It may take longer for you to recover from your illness, and your physician may have to prescribe more medication.

Are glucose and fructose a monosaccharides or disaccharide

Answers

Answer:

Monosaccharides

Explanation:

Glucose and fructose are both monomers of carbohydrates, also called monosaccharides.

Fructose and glucose molecules help to form different disaccharides and polysaccharides like sucrose and maltose.

Is tRNA used in the Calvin cycle

Answers

No tRNA in not used in calvin cycle

One major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is
Group of answer choices

Prokaryotic cells are microscopic, eukaryotic cells are not

Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, eukaryotic cells do

Prokaryotic cells do not contain DNA, eukaryotic cells do

Prokaryotic cells are more complex, eukaryotic cells are more simple

Answers

Answer:

Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, whereas eukaryotic cells have DNA enclosed in a nucleus.  

Explanation:

The major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is -Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, eukaryotic cells do.

Eukaryotic cells are one of the two types of cell types prokaryotic and eukaryotic. There are various structural and functional differences found in them.

Eukaryotic cells are different from prokaryotic cells as:  

the presence of a nucleus that stores DNA surrounded by the nuclear membrane presence of membrane-bound organelles like chloroplast. cell wall may or may not be present cell division is either mitosis or meiosis Eukaryotic organisms have various ranges of organisms either multicellular or single-celled as well.  

Thus, The major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is -Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, eukaryotic cells do.  

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Which best describes a bacteriophage

Answers

A bacteriophage is a virus that attacks bacteria

Bacteriophages are a special class of viruses that infect and spread only within bacteria.

Bacterium refers to bacteria, while "phage" means to eat or devour. Together, these two words form the term "bacteriophage". Highly specialized viruses called bacteriophages attach to the surface of bacterial cells and introduce their genetic material into the host bacterium.

Once the bacteriophage's genetic material enters the bacterial machinery, it causes it to make multiple copies of the phage particles. The host bacterium is eventually killed, and freshly produced phages are freed to infect additional bacterial cells. Nature is full of bacteriophages, which are important for managing bacterial populations and building microbial communities.

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Early organisms in the Precambrian era converted to oxygen. O A. sulfur dioxide O B. nitrogen O C. water vapor O D. carbon dioxide​

Answers

Answer:

Early organisms in the precambrian era converted _Carbon dioxide_ to oxygen.

Explanation:

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Ecosystem Services Storm Protection: Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service that would provide protection from a hurricane storm surge?
A. A lock and Dam System
B. An Intact Coastal Wetland
C. An Energy- Producing Tidal Barrage System
D. An Offshore, Deep- Water Fish Farm

Answers

An intact coastal wetland is an example of an ecosystem service that provides protection from a hurricane storm surge. The Correct option is B

Coastal wetlands, such as salt marshes and mangrove swamps, act as natural barriers that can absorb and reduce the impact of storm surges by slowing down the flow of water and reducing wave energy. In addition, these wetlands also provide important habitats for various species of plants and animals, and help to filter pollutants and improve water quality.

Therefore, preserving and restoring coastal wetlands is not only important for storm protection, but also for maintaining biodiversity and providing other ecosystem services.

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From where does the prey you selected get its energy?​

Answers

Answer:

If the prey was a producer they would get energy from the sun.

If the prey was a consumer they would get it from a producer or a consumer they were able to eat.

Explanation:

According to the cladogram, which of the following is the derived characteristic shared by amphibians and reptiles? jaws bony skeleton lungs

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

i just did it!

Answer:

c

Explanation:

i don't really know  

Which macromolecule is considered the major component of the cell membrane?
Lipid
Carbohydrate
Protein
Nucleic Acid

Answers

Lipid is the major component of cell membrane ...

It’s lipids and protein because the protein contributes to the cells by fixing tissues, and tissues are made from cells, so either one could be used, but lipids are considered more major for the membrane itsself.

which rat(s) was euthyroid without any injections? which rat(s) was euthyroid without any injections? the thyroidectomized rat the normal rat the hypophysectomized rat the normal rat and the hypophysectomized rat

Answers

The thyroidectomized rat would not be euthyroid without any injections, while the normal rat and the hypophysectomized rat would be euthyroid without any injections.

The thyroid gland and the pituitary gland are two parts of a complex endocrine system that work together to regulate the body's metabolism and energy levels. The thyroid gland produces hormones, while the pituitary gland produces a hormone that regulates the thyroid gland's function. Even though the pituitary gland is not essential for maintaining a euthyroid state, it plays a crucial role in regulating the thyroid gland's function.

In the study of the rat's thyroid function, three different types of rats were observed: the thyroidectomized rat, the normal rat, and the hypophysectomized rat. The thyroidectomized rat had its thyroid gland removed and would not be euthyroid without any injections. Without a functioning thyroid gland, the thyroidectomized rat would have an abnormal thyroid function and would require injections of thyroid hormones to maintain a euthyroid state.

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Change cannot occur without it
molecule
energy
organism
chemical reaction
matter
cellular respiration

Answers

Answer:energia

Explanatio

7. Draw a diagram of the cell membrane to show the arrangement of the phospholipid bilayer.

Answers

Answer:

the diagram is attached

Explanation:

image credits: Khan academy

7. Draw a diagram of the cell membrane to show the arrangement of the phospholipid bilayer.

why does decreasing sunlight affect energy storage molecules

Answers

“When there is less sunlight, producers can’t make as many energy storage molecules from the carbon in carbon dioxide.*”
(Quizlet)

In other words, Decreasing sunlight causes an organism to not produce as many storage molecules.

Select all of the special adaptations that a cactus has in order to survive in the desert.
Tough exterior
smooth outer covering
it can store water
it eats other plants

Answers

Answer:Though exterior and it can store water

Explanation:

A cactus needs water to survive and it needs its tough exterior to prevent from other animals eating it.

What are some of the different kinds of lipids?

a) glycerophospholipids

b) fats

c) cellulose

d) enzymes

e) steroids

f) waxes oils

Answers

There are several different kinds of lipids, including: Glycerophospholipids, Fats, Steroids, Waxes. The correct option is a, b, e and f.

a) Glycerophospholipids: These are a type of phospholipids composed of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acid chains, and a phosphate group. They are important components of cell membranes.

b) Fats: Fats, also known as triglycerides, are a type of lipid that consist of glycerol and three fatty acid chains. They are a concentrated form of energy storage in the body and are found in both animals and plants.

c) Cellulose: Cellulose is not a lipid but a complex carbohydrate. It is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units and serves as a structural component in plant cell walls.

d) Enzymes: Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions. They are not lipids but play a crucial role in various metabolic processes.

e) Steroids: Steroids are a class of lipids that have a characteristic structure containing four fused rings. They include hormones such as cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone, as well as cholesterol.

f) Waxes: Waxes are lipids that have a long-chain alcohol linked to a long-chain fatty acid. They are hydrophobic and serve as protective coatings in plants, insects, and animals. They can be found in the outer layers of leaves, fruits, and the exoskeleton of insects.

Oils: Oils are not a specific kind of lipid but rather a term used to describe lipids that are liquid at room temperature. Oils can include various types of lipids, such as triglycerides found in vegetable oils or fatty acids found in fish oils.

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Perform the following
mathematical operation, and
report the answer to the correct
number of significant figures.
7.9256/4.372 = [?]

Perform the followingmathematical operation, andreport the answer to the correctnumber of significant

Answers

Answer:

1.813

Explanation:

Traits Studied by Mendel

A 3-column table labeled Traits Studies by Mendel has 7 rows. Column 1 has entries plant height, flower color, flower position, pod color, pod shape, seed color, seed shape. Column 2 has entries tall, purple, end of stem, green, inflated, yellow, smooth. Column 3 has entries short, white, middle of stem, yellow, constricted, green, wrinkled.

What do these characteristics all have in common?
They are all dominant.
They can all be easily observed.
They are all recessive.
They can all be applied to other plants.

Answers

What is common to all the characters listed in the said table is that they can be easily seen with the physical eyes. In other words, they are easily observable.

The characters listed in the first column of the table which includes height, flower color, flower position, pod color, pod shape, seed color, and seed shape are those that do not require special instruments to be seen or observed.

They can be observed with unaided eyes even by a layman. The easily observable traits make it easy for such a plant to be utilized in plant breeding experiments.

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Fossil fuels (oil) are part of which cycle?
carbon
nitrogen
phosphorus
oxygen

Answers

Carbon

Carbon is a part of rocks and fossil fuels like oil, coal, and natural gas etc...

How many chlorine atom are on the product ide of the reaction 2Al 6HCl → 2AlCl3 3H2?

2
3
6
9

Answers

Six chlorine atoms make up the chemical product 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2 product ion.

The fundamental unit of matter, the atom, is regarded as such.The smallest unit of matter that may be split without producing electrically charged particles is the atom. It is also the smallest piece of substance with chemical element-like characteristics.

Al CHl stands for aluminum chloride, H2 for hydrogen gas, and HCl for hydrochloric acid in this instance.

Aluminum reacts with hydrochloric acid in the example.

Aluminum chloride and hydrogen gas are the byproducts of the reaction 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2

Calculating the number of chlorine atoms in the reaction's result indicates that there are 2*3=6.

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Describe one physical property and one chemical property of sodium that ywe observed ​

Answers

Answer:

It's a soft metal, reactive and with a low melting point, with a relative density of 0,97 at 20ºC (68ºF). From the commercial point of view, sodium is the most important of all the alkaline metals. Sodium reacts quickly with water, and also with snow and ice, to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen.

Explanation:

what is an example of codominaces

Answers

Answer:

a person with type AB blood or a roan fur in cattle which is when cattle have a mixture of white and red fur

3b. Use an arrow to show the path that takes water through a plant. Include and label all
specific plant structures that are involved. (4 points) You will not be able to label this, so explain
to me what happens and where.

3b. Use an arrow to show the path that takes water through a plant. Include and label allspecific plant

Answers

Answer:

Roots---xylem vessel-- upper parts of plant.

Explanation:

The plant absorb water from hairs present on the roots and taken this water to the xylem vessel that is responsible for transporting water to all parts of the plant body. Water enters in the root through a process is called osmosis until it reached to the xylem vessel. Osmosis is a movement of molecules through a semi-permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration in order to equalize the solute concentration.


Who was the individual who first proposed the theory of Evolution and
pioneered phylogenetic trees? *

Answers

Answer:

Charles Darwin

Explanation:

In 1858 Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace published a new evolutionary theory, explained in detail in Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859). Unlike Lamarck, Darwin proposed common descent and a branching tree of life, meaning that two very different species could share a common ancestor. (hope this is correct and good luck!)

What is the underlying claim of gene-environment interaction?

Answers

Gene-environment interactions can either be defined as "a different influence of a genotype on illness risk in people with various exposures" or, alternatively, "a different effect of external factors on disease risk for humans with different genotypes."

What is the basic thesis of the exam on gene-environment interaction?

the central tenet of the gene-environment interaction theory Depending on the environment interaction, a variety of potential outcomes are determined by genetic composition.

What is the name of the gene-environment interaction?

This can occur thanks to epigenetic processes. Through epigenetic mechanisms, environmental exposures can alter how genes are expressed.

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I NEED HELP QUICK

During ___, the base pair sequence if DNA is read by RNA polymerase to make mRNA

a. translocation
b. transference
c. transcription
d. translation

Answers

It’s either b-transference or d-translation.
But I believe it is translation (d)
Hope this helped :)

Answer:

c. transcription.

Explanation:

Transcription uses the sequence of bases in a strand of DNA to make a complementrary strand of mrna. Basically DNA is used as a template to make an RNA.

Could someone please help me on this. I'm really confused. I need an answer and explanation.

Directions: Complete the Punnett square for each cross and then select the expected results.

Results Examples:
0%
25%
50℅
75%
100%​

Could someone please help me on this. I'm really confused. I need an answer and explanation.Directions:

Answers

Answer:

freckles = 50%

no freckles = 50%

Explanation:

Could someone please help me on this. I'm really confused. I need an answer and explanation.Directions:

Law
Parent cross
offspring
Dominance
Segregation
Independent assortment

LawParent crossoffspringDominanceSegregationIndependent assortment

Answers

Answer:

i don`t understand but if you tell me i will go back and change this answer

Explanation:

i`m being serious here

help please it's biology​

help please it's biology

Answers

Answer:

look

Explanation:

1a. Dendrite

b. cell body

c. nucleus

d. axon

e. soma

2. c, b

3. Vacoule and chloroplast

4. nerve impulse travels from left to right.

5. Sensory neuron sends electrical impulses to a relay neuron.

6. Respiration. Due to respiration in the mitochondria glucose molecules are broken down to release energy.

Which are the basic physical sciences?
1. biology, paleontology, biochemistry and zoology
2. chemistry, physics, astronomy and earth science
3. medicine, biotechnology, genetics and pharmacology
4.mathematics, statistics, logic and computer science

Answers

Answer:

212346661727777277383939848484383838383

Answer:2

Explanation:

Chemistry, physics, astronomy, and earth science are the basic physical sciences:)

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