Exercise 3: Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses: Activity 4: The Action Potential: Importance of Voltage-Gated Na+
channels Lab Report
Pre-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.

Voltage-gated Na+ channels are membrane channels that open
You correctly answered: b. when the membrane depolarizes.
When open, Na+ channels allow
You correctly answered: a. Na+ ions to diffuse into the cell.
Which of the following is true of an action potential?
You correctly answered: d. All of these answers are correct.
Which of the following can reduce the likelihood of an action potential?
You correctly answered: d. All of these can reduce the likelihood of an action potential.

Answer:

How does an organisms DNA determine it's chances of survival:

Organisms with heritable (genetically determined) features that help them survive and reproduce in a particular environment tend to leave more offspring than their peers. If this continues over generations, the heritable features that aid survival and reproduction will become more and more common in the population

How does humans manipulate DNA of organisms to be benefit themselves:

Biotechnology is the use of biological techniques and engineered organisms to make products or plants and animals that have desired traits.

The survival of an organism can be determined from its DNA, by checking any chances of mutation in its genetic codes. Humans manipulate DNA of organisms to create traits of greater survival and desired characteristics.

DNA or deoxyribose nucleic acid is a genetic material in all living bodies and are considered to be the building blocks of life. Genes are the basic of life and each genes are coded in a specific manner in each organisms.

The gene sequence have to be perfect in organism to make it the fittest to survive. The DNA sequence of different organism can be studies and any mutation that is wrong sequencing can be identified.

If any mutation is present, the organism cannot survive.  DNA of one organism can be inserted into other one to get the characteristics of the first one through advanced research designs.

Therefore, humans manipulate DNAs of various organisms to change study how to change the characteristics and to get it in a desired way.

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im not sure about the answer sorry in advance if it's wrong

Concentration of the solution = 0.171L

Evaluation :

Concentration = moles/volume

Calculate the moles of NaCl first.

Mass of NaCl = 25.0g

Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5g/mol

Moles = 15g/58.5g/mol = 0.427mol

Volume = 2.50mL = 0.025L

Concentration = 0.427mol/0.025L = 17.19M

converting mL into L

Concentration of the solution = 0.171L

Volume of solution :

The volume of the solution equals its mass divided by its density. Then calculate the molarity directly. This result makes intuitive sense. If 100.0 g of aqueous solution (equal to 100 mL) contains 3.78 g of acetic acid, then 1 L of solution will contain 37.8 g of acetic acid, which is a little more than 12 mole

How do you find the volume of solution?

the solute mass is given in grams and the volume is given in milliliters, meaning that the unit of concentration is given as g/mL. However, there are many other combinations of mass and volume units possible

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Mineral resources can play a significant role in determining the success or failure of a town will boom or become a ghost town is important because the presence or absence of valuable minerals can significantly impact the town's economic growth and sustainability.

Mineral resources are valuable commodities that can bring economic growth and development to a town. Towns that are rich in mineral resources, such as gold, silver, copper, and coal, often experience a boom in their economy as mining companies invest in the area and provide job opportunities for the local population. This influx of income can lead to increased business activity, higher property values, and improved infrastructure, all of which contribute to the overall prosperity of the town.

If a town has abundant and easily accessible mineral resources, it can attract mining industries, creating job opportunities and stimulating the local economy. This can lead to a population increase, more businesses, and overall economic growth, resulting in a booming town. On the other hand, if mineral resources are scarce or depleted, mining industries may leave, leading to job loss and economic decline. This can cause people to move away in search of better opportunities, leaving behind abandoned buildings and infrastructure, ultimately turning the town into a ghost town.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Dinitrogen trioxide is a nitrogen oxide. Nitrogen trioxide appears as a blue liquid with a sharp, unpleasant chemical odor.

Description: Dinitrogen trioxide is a nitrogen oxide.ChEBINitrogen trioxide appears as ...

Synonyms: Dinitrogen trioxideNITROGEN TRIOXIDENitrogen oxide (N2O3)10544-7...

Molecular Formula: N2O3

Molecular Weight: 76.012 g/mol

Answer:

It is called Dinitrogen trioxide. Hope this helps!

Answer:

33

Explanation:

The atomic number of an element configuration 2,8, 8,2,13​ is 33.

The electron configuration is defined as the arrangement of electrons in atomic or molecular orbitals of an atom. The sum of electrons in different orbitals shown in the electron configuration represents the atomic number of the atom.

So, atomic number of the element configuration 2,8, 8,2,13​ is 33.

Answer:

231.735 g/mol

Explanation:

Answer:

Africa, Asia, Australia, Antarctica, Europe, North America, and South America.

Explanation:

To calculate the pH change of a solution with an initial concentration of HC2H3O2 (acetic acid) and NaC2H3O2 (sodium acetate),

follow these steps:

1. Identify the initial concentrations of HC2H3O2 and NaC2H3O2 given in the problem.
2. Determine the Ka value of HC2H3O2 (acetic acid) from a reference source, which is 1.8 x 10^(-5).
3. Calculate the initial pH of the solution using the formula: pH = -log([H+]), where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.
4. Since NaC2H3O2 is the conjugate base of HC2H3O2, use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate the new pH after adding NaC2H3O2: pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA]), where pKa = -log(Ka), [A-] is the concentration of the conjugate base (NaC2H3O2), and [HA] is the concentration of the weak acid (HC2H3O2).
5. Calculate the pH change by subtracting the initial pH from the new pH.

By following these steps, you can determine the pH change when the initial concentrations of HC2H3O2 and NaC2H3O2 are given.

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Answer: 2

Explanation: bencause they are changing

Answer: D. An increase in entropy

Explanation:

Entropy is the measure of randomness or disorder of a system. If a system moves from  an disordered arrangement to an ordered arrangement, the entropy is said to increase and vice versa.

For a reaction to be spontaneous, the enthalpy of the solution must decrease and the entropy must increase.

To overcome a positive enthalpy of solution and allow a solid  solute to dissolve in water, an increase in entropy would make the reaction spontaneous as the system would move to a more disordered state.

Answer:

Earth's rotation.

Explanation:

Most of the options are obviously incorrect, with the exception of tilt. However, tilt is the cause of seasons, not days.

Answer: Earth's rotation on its axis

Explanation:

Negative ions, designated by the notation (OH ), are always present in any acid or base. The concentration. [OH"] of these ions is related to H by the equation OH H = 10-14 moles per liter.

Find the concentrations of OH and Hl in moles per liter for the substances with the following pH value pH = 7.8

The pH of a solution is given by the expression:\(pH = -log[H+],\)

where [H+] is the hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L.

To find the concentration of [H], we use the equation:

pH = -log[H+]7.8

= -log[H+]H+

= 10^-7.8H+

= 1.58 x 10^-8 moles per liter

Now, let's find the concentration of [OH-] by using the formula:

OH- H+ = 10^-14[H+]

= 1.58 x 10^-8OH- (1.58 x 10^-8)

= 10^-14OH-

= (10^-14) + (1.58 x 10^-8)OH-

= 1.0000000000000158 x 10^-14 moles per liter

OH- = 1.00 x 10^-14 moles per liter (rounded to two decimal places)

Concentration of [H] is 1.58 × 10⁻⁸ moles per liter and the concentration of [OH] is 1.00 × 10⁻¹⁴ moles per liter.

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a) The sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts.

b) The sphere absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts.

c) The sphere's net rate of energy exchange is 102.09 Watts.

To calculate the rates of thermal radiation emission and absorption, we can use the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which states that the rate of thermal radiation emitted or absorbed by an object is proportional to its surface area, temperature, and the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

a) The rate of thermal radiation emitted by the sphere can be calculated using the formula:

Emitting Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(temperature^4 - environment\ temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Emitting Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((32.2 + 273.15)^4 - (82.9 + 273.15)^4)\)

Emitting Rate ≈ 139.75 Watts

b) The rate of thermal radiation absorbed by the sphere can be calculated in a similar way but using the environment temperature as the object's temperature:

Absorbing Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(environment\ temperature^4 - temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Absorbing Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((82.9 + 273.15)^4 - (32.2 + 273.15)^4)\)

Absorbing Rate ≈ 37.66 Watts

c) The net rate of energy exchange is the difference between the emitting rate and the absorbing rate:

Net Rate = Emitting Rate - Absorbing Rate

Net Rate = 139.75 Watts - 37.66 Watts

Net Rate ≈ 102.09 Watts

Therefore, the sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts, absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts, and has a net rate of energy exchange of 102.09 Watts.

Note: The units for all the rates are Watts.

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Answer:

22.5 Km

Explanation:

45km/hr * 0.5 hr = 22.5km

Answer: its c

Explanation:

its c

Answer: Its c the answer is C like abc its the c one there you go hope this helps:

A solution at pH 1 has more hydrogen ions than a solution at pH 4. The pH of a solution refers to the hydrogen ion concentration.

The concentration of hydrogen ions and the pH of a solution are inversely proportional. This means that the higher the hydrogen ion concentration, the lower the pH, and vice versa.

A solution at pH 1 will have more hydrogen ions than a solution at pH 4.The pH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. The equation for calculating the pH of a solution is given as follows:

\($$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$$\)

In this equation, [H⁺] is the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter (mol/L) of solution. A change of 1 pH unit corresponds to a 10-fold change in the hydrogen ion concentration.

Therefore, if a solution has a pH of 1, it has a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.1 mol/L.

If a solution has a pH of 4, it has a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.0001 mol/L. Thus, a solution at pH 1 has more hydrogen ions than a solution at pH 4.

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Answer:

D.  Newton's second law

Explanation:

Explanation:

As the halogens become less reactive down the group, their oxidising ability decreases. Remember that oxidation is a gain of electrons. Halogens become less oxidising as you move down the group as it is more difficult to gain an electron.

When we bring a magnet near the doorbell when it is not connected to the battery, we feel a pull, or an attractive force.

For this the hypothesis can be:

Hypothesis: If there is no permanent magnet in the doorbell, just metal like iron, then when we bring a paper clip to the doorbell, we will observe an attractive force between the paper clip and the doorbell due to the interaction between the magnet and the iron in the doorbell.

Hypothesis: If there is a permanent magnet in the doorbell, then when we bring a paper clip to the doorbell, we will observe a stronger attractive force between the paper clip and the doorbell due to the interaction between the magnet and the metal components (such as iron) in the doorbell.

Thus, these can be the Hypothesis for the given scenario.

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Answer:98

Explanation:X/423 = 75.0/323 X = 98

Considering the Charles' Law, the original volume is 98.22 mL.

Charles' Law consists of the relationship that exists between the volume and the temperature of a certain amount of ideal gas, which is maintained at a constant pressure.

This law states that for a given sum of gas at a constant pressure, as the temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases and as the temperature decreases, the volume of the gas decreases because the temperature is directly related to the energy of movement that they have. the gas molecules. That is, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.

Mathematically, Charles' law states that the ratio between volume and temperature will always have the same value:

\(\frac{V}{T}=k\)

Considering an initial state 1 and a final state 2, the following is true:

\(\frac{V1}{T1}=\frac{V2}{T2}\)

In this case, you know:

Replacing in Charles's law:

\(\frac{V1}{423 K}=\frac{75 mL}{323 K}\)

Solving:

\(V1=\frac{75 mL}{323 K}423 K\)

V1= 98.22 mL

In summary, the original volume is 98.22 mL.

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This is how many grams there are in 525 grams of calcium. One mole of calcium weighs 13.099 grams.

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The reaction is called a clock reaction because the amount of time that elapses before the solution turns blue depends on the concentrations of the starting chemicals. In this green chemistry project, we can use a modified iodine clock reaction that uses safe household chemicals to explore factors that affect the rate of the iodine clock reaction.

Chemical kinetics is the branch of chemistry that is concerned with the mechanisms and rates of chemical reactions. The mechanism of a chemical reaction is a description of what happens to each molecule at a very detailed level—which bonds are broken, which new bonds are formed, and how the three-dimensional shapes of the chemicals change during the course of the reaction.

    The rate of the reaction is a measure of its speed. The rate of a chemical reaction can be measured by how quickly the reactants disappear, or by how quickly the products are generated. The iodine clock reaction is a favorite demonstration in chemistry classes because it has an element of drama.

    Two clear solutions are mixed, producing a new clear solution. Then, after a period of several seconds, the solution turns dark blue. In a variation of the iodine clock reaction called the Old Nassau reaction, a third solution is added to the mixture which results in the solution first turning orange and then dark blue.

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Answer:

The statement(1) "It is attracted towards Cathode" is true.

Explanation:

When a beam of electrons is produced in a vacuum tube or cathode ray tube, it is emitted from a negatively charged cathode. Therefore, the electrons are attracted towards the cathode and move towards it.

Answer:

(CH3COO)2 + redP + Cl2 → ClCH2COOH + HCl

Explanation:

This is an example of halogenation of carboxylic acids at alpha carbon atom. In this reaction, red phosphorus and chlorine are treated with carboxylic acids having alpha hydrogen atom followed by hydrolysis to form alpha chloro carboxylic acid.

Answer:

This strand contains nucleotides that are complementary to those in the template sequence. Base pairing ensures that the sequence of nucleotides in the existing template strand is exactly matched to a complementary sequence in the new strand, also known as the anti-sequence of the template strand

They give us the balanced equation of the reaction. Now, we need to know the moles of HIO3 present in the solution that they describe to us. We are given the molarity and volume of the solution, so the moles will be:

Now, we will find the moles of HCl that will be needed to react 0.24mol of HIO3. We see the stoichiometry of the reaction. The ratio HCl to HIO3 is 5/1. So, the moles of HCl that we need is:

They ask us about the volume of the solution, we have the molarity and the moles. So, the volume will be:

To react completely with 150 mL of 1.6 M HIO3 solution are needed 1.0 of 1.2M solution of HCl .

So, the answer will be the last option: 1.0L