Consider the balloon and air inside the flask to be a closed system. Use the First Law of Thermodynamics to explain what happened to the balloon as heat was added by the environment.

Temperature of iron (Ti) = 415 °C Temperature of water (Tw) = 15.0 °CTemperature at equilibrium (Te) = 100 °CMass of water (m) = 0.625 kgMass of steam evaporated (ms) = 0.144 kgHeat lost by iron (Q1) = Heat gained by water (Q2) + Heat required to evaporate steam .

Heat lost by iron  = (mass of iron (m) x specific heat capacity of iron (c) x change in temperature of iron (ΔT1))Heat gained by water = (mass of water (m) x specific heat capacity of water (c) x change in temperature of water (ΔT2))Heat required to evaporate steam  = (mass of steam (ms) x specific latent heat of vaporization of water (L))Now, using the above formula we can calculate the mass of the iron block as:

Q3m x c x ΔT1 = m x c x ΔT2 + ms x L

Let's calculate the value of Q1 first.

Q1 = m x c x ΔT1m = Q1 / (c x ΔT1)

We know that

c = 450 J/kg °C and ΔT1 = Ti - Te = 415 - 100 = 315°CQ1 = m x c x ΔT1= m x 450 J/kg

°C x 315°C= 141750 m Jm = Q1 / (c x ΔT1)= 141750 / (450 x 315)= 1.002 kg

Now, let's calculate the value of Q3.Q3 = ms x L= 0.144 kg x 2.26 x 10^6 J/kg= 325440 J

Now, let's calculate the value of Q2

.Q2 = m x c x ΔT2m = (Q2 + Q3) / (c x ΔT2)

We know that ΔT2 = Te - Tw = 100 - 15 = 85°CQ2 = m x c x ΔT2= 0.625 kg x 4186 J/kg °C x 85°C= 276981.25 JNow, let's calculate the mass of the iron block.m =

(Q2 + Q3) / (c x ΔT2)= (276981.25 + 325440) / (450 x 85)= 1.003 kg

Hence, the mass of the iron block is 1.003 kg rounded off to 3 significant figures.

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Explanation:

Explanation:

If an object having initial velocity

uExplanation:

If an object having initial velocity

u

is applied an acceleration of

a

for

t

time, its final velocity

v

is given by

v

=

u

+

a

t

and distance covered

S

is given by

S

=

u

t

+

1

2

a

t

2

.

We have

u

=

o

(as the object starts from rest),

t

=

5

sec., and acceleration

a

=

−

1.5

m

sec

2

.

Hence final velocity

v

=

−

1.5

×

5

=

−

7.5

m

sec

.

Distance covered

S

=

1

2

×

(

−

1.5

)

×

5

2

=

−

18.75

m

.

Minus sign indicates that acceleration is in reverse direction.

is applied an acceleration of

a

for

t

time, its final velocity

v

is given by

v

=

u

+

a

t

and distance covered

S

is given by

S

=

u

t

+

1

2

a

t

2

.

We have

u

=

o

(as the object starts from rest),

t

=

5

sec., and acceleration

a

=

−

1.5

m

sec

2

.

Hence final velocity

v

=

−

1.5

×

5

=

−

7.5

m

sec

.

Distance covered

S

=

1

2

×

(

−

1.5

)

×

If an object having initial velocity

u

is applied an acceleration of

a

for

t

time, its final velocity

v

is given by

v

=

u

+

a

t

and distance covered

S

is given by

S

=

u

t

+

1

2

a

t

2

.

We have

u

=

o

(as the object starts from rest),

t

=

5

sec., and acceleration

a

=

−

1.5

m

sec

2

.

Hence final velocity

v

=

−

1.5

×

5

=

−

7.5

m

sec

.

Distance covered

S

=

1

2

×

(

−

1.5

)

×

5

2

=

−

18.75

m

.

Minus sign indicates that acceleration is in reverse direction

5

2

=

−

18.75

m

.

Minus sign indicates that acceleration is in reverse direction.

The initial momentum of the 25 kg object is 25 kg * 12 m/s = 300 kgm/s. After the collision, the momentum of the 25 kg object is 25 kg * 8 m/s = 200 kgm/s. According to the conservation of momentum, the momentum lost by the 25 kg object is equal to the momentum gained by the box. Therefore, the resulting momentum of the box is 300 kgm/s - 200 kgm/s = 100 kg*m/s.

Answer:

Depends on position

Explanation:

Rest:

A body is said to be at rest, if it does not change its position with respect to its surroundings.

Motion:

A body is said to be in motion, if it changes its position with respect to its surroundings.

The state of rest and motion is relative

Answer:

option A

Explanation:

The elastic potential energy of the block-spring system is 27.78 J. the block's speed (in m/s) after leaving the spring if the block has just been released and the surface is frictionless is 1.3 m/s m/s.

Elastic potential energy is given by,

E = 1/2 kx²

E = 1/2×855× 0.0650

E = 27.78 J

We may compare the two since the potential energy is changed into kinetic energy:

PE = KE

27.78 J= (1/2)mv^2

Rearranging the equation to solve for v,

v = √(2×PE / m)

v = √(2 × 27.78 J ÷ 3.20 kg)

v ≈ 1.3 m/s

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- The resistance of the first resistor (R₁) is 12 Ω.

- The electromotive force (EMF) of the battery is 18 V.

- The internal resistance of the battery is 12 Ω.

To solve the given problem, we can apply Kirchhoff's laws and Ohm's law to determine the resistance of the first resistor (R₁) and the electromotive force (EMF) and internal resistance of the battery.

Let's start by calculating the resistance of the first resistor (R₁):

1. Apply Ohm's law to find the voltage drop across the external circuit:

  V = I * R

  V = 1 A * 6 Ω

  V = 6 V

2. The voltage drop across the external circuit is equal to the EMF minus the voltage drop across the internal resistance of the battery:

  V = E - Ir

  6 V = E - (1 A * r)   (where r is the internal resistance of the battery)

3. We also know that the EMF of the battery is the sum of the voltage drops across each cell in the battery:

  E = 6 cells * 3 V/cell

  E = 18 V

4. Substitute the value of E in the equation from step 2:

  6 V = 18 V - r

  r = 12 Ω

Therefore, the resistance of the first resistor (R₁) is 12 Ω.

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Okay, hun. Velocity is a vector quantity that measures displacement over a period of time. Velocity = Speed/Time (v=s/t). Hope this helped you. I took physics over 4 years ago. I'm more of a biology/chemistry person. (I major in those)

Answer:

Because they are denser.

Explanation:

Remember: the denser something depends on both its mass and volume. A higher mass will make a denser object. Likewise can be said for volume.

When two forces are applied in the same direction, we can use the vector addition to find the net force. The net force is found by adding the magnitudes of both forces.

In this case, the two forces are 225 N and 165 N, and they are applied in the same direction.

Therefore, the net horizontal force on the box is:

Net force = force 1 + force 2 = 225 N + 165 N = 390 N

This means that the net force acting on the box is 390 N when two horizontal forces, 225 N and 165 N, are exerted on the box in the same direction.

Answer:

The angle at which a turn should be banked depends on the speed of the vehicle, the radius of the turn, and the acceleration due to gravity. To calculate the angle, we can use the following formula:

tanθ = v^2 / (g * r)

where

θ is the angle at which the turn should be banked (in radians)

v is the speed of the vehicle (in m/s)

g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s^2)

r is the radius of the turn (in meters)

Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get:

tanθ = (25 m/s)^2 / (9.81 m/s^2 * 100 m)

tanθ = 6.44

Taking the inverse tangent of both sides, we get:

θ = tan^-1(6.44)

θ ≈ 80.5 degrees

Therefore, the turn should be banked at an angle of approximately 80.5 degrees.

Horizontal component , F cos θ.

Vertical component , F sin θ.

Now, as θ increases towards 90° cos θ decreases and

As θ increases towards 90° sin θ increases.

Therefore, horizontal component of F will decrease and vertical component will increase.

Hence, this is the required solution.

Answer:

The conditions stop air from getting to the nail is the oil

Explanation:

The point through which this ray will pass, after refraction by the lens is point D.

The refraction of light refers to the bending or change in direction that occurs when light passes from one medium to another. It is a phenomenon that happens due to the difference in the speed of light in different substances.

From the ray diagram given, after the light incident from point O, it will pass the converging at point D which is the focal length of the lens after refraction.

Thus, based on the converging lens given in the ray diagram, we can conclude that, the point through which this ray will pass, after refraction by the lens is point D.

So point D is the correct answer.

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The process of refraction of light​ occurs when light rays bends when travelling between media of different densities.

What is refraction of light?

Refraction of light is the bending of light rays or the change in the direction of light rays as it travels between media of different densities.

Light waves travel faster in media of less density than media of more density.

The change in density of the media makes light waves to be bend towards or away from the normal.

For example, when light travels from less dense air to more dense water, the light rays are bent towards the normal. However, when light rays travel from water to air, the light rays are refracted away from the normal.

In conclusion, refraction of light waves occur when light crosses the boundary of media of different densities.

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As a result, claim I is accurate. According to this formula, a temperature increase of 1 degree Celsius is comparable to a temperature increase of 9/5 degrees Fahrenheit.

The Celsius scale, sometimes known as the centigrade scale, is a temperature scale based on the water's freezing point at 0°C and boiling point at 100°C. A temperature scale called the Fahrenheit scale is based on the fact that water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F.

The relationship between Celsius and Fahrenheit is inversely proportional. The temperature on the Fahrenheit scale rises as the temperature does on the Celsius scale, and vice versa. The change from C to F is therefore 100/180, or 5/9. It is 180/100 or 9/5 from F to C.

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Answer:

1. Initial vertical velocity its 0m/s

2. 2.47 seconds

3. 10.12 m/s

4.10.12 m/s

Explanation:

Remember that we have here two parts of a problem, first we know that the ball made a free fall of 30 meters, since the ball was hit horizontally and doesn't state otherwise the vertical velocity is 0. To calculate the time we just use 30 m as our Height and use the formula for vertical distance on free fall:

\(H=\frac{g*t^{2} }{2} \\\)

Now we just solve for time:

\(t=\sqrt{\frac{2H}{g} }\)

With this we just insert the values we know:

\(t=\sqrt{\frac{2H}{g} }\\t=\sqrt{\frac{2*30}{9.81} }\\t=2.47\)

Now we know that the ball was 2.47 seconds in the air, so the ball hti the ground at the second 2.47.

To calculate the velocity of the ball we just need to divide the horizontal distance covered by the time it spent on air:

\(v=\frac{d}{t} \\v=\frac{25}{2.47} \\v=10.12\)

The final and initial horizontal velocity of the ball would be the same since nothing states otherwise, of course the hitting of the ground would decrease its velocity but since nothing is said in the problem it is not considered.

1. The initial-vertical velocity of the golf ball is equal to zero because the ball would start its motion from a stationary position (at rest).

2. The time it took the golf ball to hit the ground is 2.47 seconds.

3. The initial-horizontal velocity of the golf ball is 10.12 m/s.

4. The final-horizontal velocity of the golf ball is 10.12 m/s.

Given the following data:

1. The initial-vertical velocity of the golf ball is equal to zero because the ball would start its motion from a stationary position (at rest).

2. To determine the time it took the golf ball to hit the ground:

At maximum height, time is given by the formula:

\(Time = \sqrt{\frac{2H}{g} }\)

Where:

Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;

\(Time = \sqrt{\frac{2\times 30}{9.8} }\\\\Time = \sqrt{\frac{60}{9.8} }\\\\Time =\sqrt{6.12}\)

Time = 2.47 seconds.

3. To determine the initial-horizontal velocity of the golf ball:

\(Horizontal\;velocity = \frac{Horizontal\;distance}{Time} \\\\Horizontal\;velocity = \frac{25}{2.47}\)

Initial horizontal velocity = 10.12 m/s.

4. To determine the final-horizontal velocity of the golf ball:

The initial-horizontal velocity and final-horizontal velocity of the golf ball would be the same.

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Galileo challenged the Aristotelian-Ptolemaic model, providing support for the heliocentric model and paving the way for a new understanding of the universe.

Galileo Galilei played a crucial role in challenging the prevailing geocentric model of the universe proposed by Aristotle and supported by Ptolemy. He provided several lines of evidence that effectively disproved their theories and supported the heliocentric model proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus. Some of the key evidence used by Galileo includes:

1. Observations through a telescope: Galileo was one of the first astronomers to use a telescope to observe the heavens. His telescopic observations revealed several important discoveries that contradicted the Aristotelian-Ptolemaic worldview. He observed the phases of Venus, which demonstrated that Venus orbits the Sun and not Earth. He also observed the four largest moons of Jupiter, now known as the Galilean moons, which provided evidence for celestial bodies orbiting a planet other than Earth.

2. Sunspots: Galileo's observations of sunspots provided evidence that the Sun is not a perfect celestial body, as suggested by Aristotle. Sunspots indicated that the Sun has imperfections and undergoes changes, challenging the notion of celestial perfection.

3. Mountains on the Moon: Galileo observed the rugged and uneven surface of the Moon, which contradicted Aristotle's belief in celestial spheres made of perfect, unchanging material. The presence of mountains on the Moon suggested that celestial bodies are subject to the same physical laws as Earth.

4. Phases of Venus: Galileo's observations of the phases of Venus provided direct evidence for the heliocentric model. As Venus orbits the Sun, it goes through phases similar to the Moon, ranging from crescent to full. This observation strongly supported the idea that Venus revolves around the Sun.

These lines of evidence presented by Galileo challenged the Aristotelian-Ptolemaic model, providing support for the heliocentric model and paving the way for a new understanding of the universe. His work marked a significant turning point in the history of science and laid the foundation for modern astronomy.

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Hope it helps

Good luck on your assignment

Answer:

ac = 3.92 m/s²

Explanation:

In this case the frictional force must balance the centripetal force for the car not to skid. Therefore,

Frictional Force = Centripetal Force

where,

Frictional Force = μ(Normal Force) = μ(weight) = μmg

Centripetal Force = (m)(ac)

Therefore,

μmg = (m)(ac)

ac = μg

where,

ac = magnitude of centripetal acceleration of car = ?

μ = coefficient of friction of tires (kinetic) = 0.4

g = 9.8 m/s²

Therefore,

ac = (0.4)(9.8 m/s²)

ac = 3.92 m/s²

Based on the data provided, the centripetal acceleration is 3.92 m/s²

Centripetal acceleration is the acceleration of a body moving in a circular path which is directed toward the center of the circle.

In the given question, the frictional force must balance the centripetal force for the car not to skid.

where,

Frictional Force = μR

R = mg

F = μmg

Centripetal Force = m

Then

μmg = ma

a = μg

ac = 0.4 * 9.8 m/s²

ac = 3.92 m/s²

Therefore, the centripetal acceleration is 3.92 m/s².

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Answer:

Explanation:

the inner ears and proprioreceptors

The change in entropy of the gas is -8.14 J/K.

In thermodynamics, entropy is a measure of the system's thermal disorder or randomness, and it is related to the number of ways that a system can be arranged in a given state.

The change in entropy, ΔS, can be calculated using the equation

ΔS=qrev/T, where qrev is the amount of heat transferred reversibly and T is the temperature.

For an ideal gas, the change in entropy during a reversible isothermal process can be calculated using the following equation:

ΔS=nRln(Vf/Vi), where n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the gas constant, Vi is the initial volume of the gas, and Vf is the final volume of the gas.

To solve this problem, we can use the following steps:

Step 1: Calculate the final volume of the gas using the ideal gas law. The ideal gas law is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. Since the process is isothermal, the temperature remains constant at 20.00C, or 293.15 K.

Therefore, we can write PV = nRT as P1V1 = P2V2, where P1 is the initial pressure, V1 is the initial volume, P2 is the final pressure, and V2 is the final volume. Since the gas is compressed, the final pressure is greater than the initial pressure. We can assume that the pressure is constant throughout the compression, so we can write P = F/A, where F is the force and A is the area. Since the work done on the gas is 1850 J, we can write W = Fd, where d is the distance that the force acts over. Since the force is constant, we can write F = W/d.

Therefore, we can write P = W/(Ad). Since the area and distance are not given, we cannot calculate the pressure directly. However, we can write P1V1 = P2V2 as V2/V1 = P1/P2. Therefore, we can write V2 = V1(P1/P2). Since we cannot calculate P2 directly, we need to find a way to relate it to the work done on the gas.

Step 2: Relate the work done on the gas to the change in internal energy of the gas. The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system. In this case, since the process is reversible and isothermal, the heat added to the system is equal to the work done on the system.

Therefore, we can write ΔU = q + W = W + 1850 J, where ΔU is the change in internal energy, q is the heat added to the system, and W is the work done by the system. Since the process is isothermal, the change in internal energy is zero, so we can write 0 = W + 1850 J, or W = -1850 J.

Therefore, the work done on the gas is negative, which means that the gas is doing work on its surroundings, and the change in internal energy is zero.

Step 3: Calculate the final volume of the gas. Since the change in internal energy is zero, we can write PV = nRT as P1V1 = P2V2, where P1 is the initial pressure, V1 is the initial volume, P2 is the final pressure, and V2 is the final volume. Since the temperature remains constant, we can write P2 = P1(W/P1V1), or P2 = P1 - (W/V1), where W is the work done on the gas, which is negative, and V1 is the initial volume of the gas.

Therefore, we can write V2 = V1(P1/P2), or V2 = V1/(1 - W/(P1V1)). Substituting the values we know, we get V2 = 4.797 L.

Step 4: Calculate the change in entropy of the gas. We can use the equation ΔS = nRln(Vf/Vi), where n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the gas constant, Vi is the initial volume of the gas, and Vf is the final volume of the gas. Substituting the values we know, we get ΔS = (3 mol)(8.314 J/mol K) ln(4.797 L/5.940 L) = -8.14 J/K.

Therefore, the change in entropy of the gas is -8.14 J/K.

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Answer:

1)   F = 8.789 10² N, 2)   F = 1.5 10⁴ N

Explanation:

We can solve this exercise using Coulomb's law

         F =\(k \frac{q_1q_2}{r^2}\)

Knowing that charges of the same sign repel

let's apply this equation to our case

1) the charges are q = - 0.0025 C and the distance between them r = 8 m

       we calculate

           F = 9 10⁹ 0.0025 0.0025 /8²

           F = 8.789 10² N

as the two charges are of the same sign the force is repulsive

2) q₁ = -0.004C and q₂ = -0.003 C with a distance of r = 3.0 m

    we calculate

             F = 9 10⁹ 0.004 0.003 / 3²

             F = 1.5 10⁴ N

The force of friction must be equal and opposite to the force exerted by the worker. Therefore, the relationship between force A (the force exerted by the worker) and force B (the force of friction) is B = A. Here option B is the correct answer.

Since the crate is moving forward with constant velocity, we know that the net force acting on it is zero. If the worker were to increase force A, the crate would accelerate forward, and the force of friction would increase to match the new net force and bring the crate back to a constant velocity.

On the other hand, if the worker were to decrease force A, the crate would decelerate, and the force of friction would decrease to match the new net force and bring the crate back to a constant velocity. In conclusion, the correct answer is B - A = B, which means that the force exerted by the worker is equal to the force of friction acting on the crate.

Complete question:

A worker pulls horizontally on a crate across a rough horizontal surface, causing it to move forward with constant velocity. Force A is the force exerted by the worker and force B is the force of friction due to the surface. What is the relationship between A and B?

A - A > B

B - A = B

C - A< B

D - It will not slow down, but continue moving at constant velocity.

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Answer:

5.277 kg

Explanation:

Since the formula for work is W = F * d and we are given distance and work, the force on the grocery bag is 88 = F * 1.7 F = 88 / 1.7 = 51.765 N.

We also know that force follows the equation F = m * a. Since the constant gravitational acceleration on earth is 9.81 m / s^2, we can find the mass through 51.765 = m * 9.81 m = 51.765/9.81 = 5.277 kg