Calculate the percent dissociation of butanoic acid (C3H2CO2H) in a 1.4 mM aqueous solution of the stuff.

Answer:

line 15 is were you can find the a then you look around for the r but as a heads up the m thats supposed to be there was actually inverted into a w in theory it must have been misprinted.

Explanation:

Taking into account the definition of Avogadro's Number, 1.38529×10²¹ molecules in 0.0023 mole of CO₂ .

Avogadro's number is defined as the number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, electrons) in 12 grams of carbon-12, that is, in one mole of the substance or compound.

Its value is 6.023×10²³ particles per mole and it applies to any substance.

Considering the definition of Avogadro's number, you can apply the following rule of three: If 1 mole of CO₂ contains 6.023×10²³ molecules, 0.0023 mole of CO₂ contains how many molecules?

amount of molecules of CO₂= (0.0023 moles × 6.023×10²³ molecules)÷ 1 mole

amount of molecules of CO₂= 1.38529×10²¹ molecules

Finally, there are 1.38529×10²¹ molecules.

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Answer:

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=> First Aid enables you to assist persons who become injured in the event of an accident or emergency situation until help arrives.

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=> If an accident happens in the workplace, in your home or in a public space, you can use the help of a first aid kit.

=> In situations such as when someone ingests a harmful substance, suffers from a heart attack, a seizure or stroke, is involved in a motor vehicle accident or is caught in a natural disaster, a person trained and knowledgeable in even the very basics of First Aid can be of extreme importance in assisting the injured person(s) until emergency responders arrive.

The reaction order and specific reaction rate constant can be determined by performing the kinetics experiment on irreversible polymerization A. Kinetic experiments can be used to investigate the rate and mechanism of chemical reactions. Chemical kinetics is the study of chemical reactions' speed and pathway.

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The oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in NaNO3 is +5. option B

To determine the oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in sodium nitrate (NaNO3), we need to assign oxidation numbers to each element in the compound.

In NaNO3, we know that the sodium ion (Na+) has a +1 oxidation state because it is an alkali metal. Oxygen (O) typically has an oxidation state of -2 in compounds, and there are three oxygen atoms in NaNO3. Since the compound is neutral, the sum of the oxidation states must be zero.

Let's assume that the oxidation state of nitrogen is x. Therefore, we can set up the equation:

(+1) + x + (-2) * 3 = 0

Simplifying the equation:

+1 + x - 6 = 0

x - 5 = 0

x = +5

Therefore, the oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in NaNO3 is +5.

The oxidation state of an element indicates the number of electrons it has gained or lost in a compound. In this case, the nitrogen atom in NaNO3 has gained five electrons to achieve a stable oxidation state of +5.

It is important to note that oxidation states are formal charges and do not necessarily represent the actual distribution of electrons in a compound. They are assigned based on a set of rules and can be useful in understanding the reactivity and behavior of elements in chemical reactions.

Option B

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Answer:

Answer is D. All of the above

Answer:

Muller's ratchet is a paradigmatic model in population genetics which describes the fixation of a deleterious mutation in a population of finite size due to an unfortunate stochastic fluctuation.

Explanation:

Answer:

Muller's ratchet is a paradigmatic model in population genetics which describes the fixation of a deleterious mutation in a population of finite size due to an unfortunate stochastic fluctuation.

Explanation:

This is the correct answer took a test and got this correct thank you to the original user above.

The amount of \(HNO_3\) that can be made from 25.0 g of \(NO_2\) according to the reaction would be 22.68 grams.

From the balanced equation of the reaction:

\(3 NO_2 + H_2O -- > 2 HNO_3 + NO\)

The mole ratio of \(NO_2\) and  \(HNO_3\) is 3:2. In other words, for every 3 moles of \(NO_2\) that react, 2 moles of \(HNO_3\) are produced.

If mole = mass/molar mass

25.0 g of \(NO_2\) will be equivalent to (the molar mass of \(NO_2\) is 46 g/mol):

                   25/46 = 0.54 moles

From, the mole ratio of 3:2, 0.54 moles of \(NO_2\) will require:

    2/3 x 0.54 = 0.36 moles of  \(HNO_3\)

The molar mass of  \(HNO_3\) is 63.01 g/mol.

Mass of 0.36 moles of  \(HNO_3\) = 0.36 x 63.01

                                                  = 22.68 g

Thus, the mass of \(HNO_3\) that can be made from the reaction is 22.68 grams.

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Answer:

BeO will have the greatest mass composition of oxygen

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we would find the mass composition of oxygen in each of the given sample.

To find this mass composition, let us derive the molecular mass of the given species;

  K₂O₂ = 2(39) + 2(16) = 110g/mol

  Na₂O = 2(23) + 16 = 62g/mol

   BeO = 9 + 16  = 25g/mol

Now; we know that mass of each sample is 1g;

mass composition of O in K₂O₂ = \(\frac{32}{110}\) x  1= 0.29g

mass composition of O in Na₂O = \(\frac{16}{62}\) x 1 = 0.26g

mass composition of O in BeO = \(\frac{16}{25}\) x 1 = 0.64g

We can see that BeO will have the greatest mass composition of oxygen.

The mass composition of oxygen has been highest in BeO. Thus, option 3 is correct.

The molecular mass has been the mass of each element that has been present in the compound. The molecular mass of given compounds have been:

= 2 (39) + 2 (16)

= 110 g/mol

= 2 (23) + 16

= 62 g/mol

= 9 + 16

= 23 g/mol

The mass composition of oxygen in 1 gram of the following compounds have been:

Mass composition = \(\rm \dfrac{Mass\;of\;Oxygen}{Molecular\;mass\;of\;compound}\;\times\;weight\;of\;sample\)

\(\rm K_2O_2\) = 0.29 grams

\(\rm Na_2O\) = 0.26 grams

BeO = 0.64 grams.

The mass composition of oxygen has been highest in BeO. Thus, option 3 is correct.

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Answer: 55.5 oC is 0.014 atm (3rd decimal point)

Explanation:

The Clausius-Clapeyron equation is given as:

ln(P2/P1) = -(ΔH_vap/R) * (1/T2 - 1/T1)

where:

P1 = vapor pressure at temperature T1

P2 = vapor pressure at temperature T2

ΔH_vap = enthalpy of vaporization

R = gas constant = 8.314 J/(mol*K)

Converting the enthalpy of vaporization to J/mol:

ΔH_vap = 35.2 kJ/mol = 35,200 J/mol

Converting temperatures to Kelvin:

T1 = 64.7 + 273.15 = 337.85 K

T2 = 55.5 + 273.15 = 328.65 K

Substituting the values into the equation and solving for P2:

ln(P2/1 atm) = -(35,200 J/mol / 8.314 J/(mol*K)) * (1/328.65 K - 1/337.85 K)

ln(P2/1 atm) = -4.231

P2/1 atm = e^(-4.231)

P2 = 0.014 atm

Therefore, the vapor pressure for methanol at 55.5 oC is 0.014 atm, to the third decimal point.

The balanced molecular equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and aluminum chloride (\(AlCl_3\)) in aqueous solution can be written as follows: 2NaOH(aq) + 3\(AlCl_3\)(aq) → 3NaCl(aq) + \(Al(OH)_3\)(s)

In this reaction, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reacts with aluminum chloride (\(AlCl_3\)) to form sodium chloride (NaCl) and aluminum hydroxide (\(Al(OH)_3\)). The coefficients in the balanced equation indicate the stoichiometric ratio between the reactants and products.

The physical states of the substances are indicated by the symbols (aq) for aqueous solutions and (s) for the solid precipitate.

The reaction is a double-displacement reaction, also known as a precipitation reaction. Double-displacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds, resulting in the formation of a precipitate.

In this case, sodium hydroxide and aluminum chloride react to form sodium chloride and aluminum hydroxide, with aluminum hydroxide being the white solid precipitate.

It's worth noting that the actual reaction might involve hydrated forms of the compounds, such as NaOH·x\(H_2O\) and \(AlCl_3\)·y\(H_2O\). However, for simplicity, these hydrated forms are not included in the balanced equation.

Overall, the balanced equation represents the chemical reaction between sodium hydroxide and aluminum chloride, showing the reactants, products, and their stoichiometric ratios.

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The molal saturation of the moist entering air is 10.96 mol, molal saturation of the exiting air at 21 C is 0.560 mol and 187.2g of water condenses in the cooler.

The Antoine equation can be stated as a class of semi-empirical correlations describing the exact relation between vapor pressure and temperature for pure substances.

it is seen that

humidity = 44%

Ptotal = 1 atm = 760 mm Hg

\(P_{H2O}\) = RH/100 X \(P^{*} _{H2O}\) = 52/100 X 567.09

= 294.88 mmHg

Molal saturation = \(\frac{P_{H2O} }{P_{T} -P_{H2O} }\)

= 294.88/ (760 - 294.88)

= 0.6361

Exit air = 100% (after cooling)

\(P_{H2O}\) =  \(P^{*} _{H2O}\) at 21°C = 18.65

Hm2 = 18.67/ (760 - 18.65)

= 0.025

Mole of water that enters = mole of total moist - mole of total dry

= 33.39 - 22.43

= 10.96

mole of water exits after cooling

n2 = Hm2 x (mole of dry air)

= 0.025 x 22.43

= 0.560

water condenses = n1 - n2

=10.96 - 0.560

=10.4 mol

=10.4 x 18 g

= 187.2 g

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Answer:

The exposed metal rusts is an example of a chemical change because rust is an example of a chemical change in objects for example bicycles, scooters, etc.

Answer

0.0972

Explanation

Given:

Mass of calcium oxide = 5.45 grams

What to find:

The number of moles for the mass.

Step-by-step solution:

The number of moles in 5.45 grams CaO can be calculated using the mole formula.

From the periodic table, the molar mass of CaO = (40.078 + 15.999) = 56.077 g/mol

Therefore,

The number of moles for the mass of 5.45 grams CaO = moles

Explanation:

Work done = force * perpendicular distance

= 1 * 0.01 = 0.01 joules

Answer:

\(T_{eq}=28.9\°C\)

Explanation:

Hello!

In this case, since it is observed that hot cadmium is placed in cold water, we can infer that the heat released due to the cooling of cadmium is gained by the water and therefore we can write:

\(Q_{Cd}+Q_{W}=0\)

Thus, we insert mass, specific heat and temperatures to obtain:

\(m_{Cd}C_{Cd}(T_{eq}-T_{Cd})+m_{W}C_{W}(T_{eq}-T_{W})=0\)

In such a way, since the specific heat of cadmium and water are respectively 0.232 and 4.184 J/(g °C), we can solve for the equilibrium temperature (the final one) as shown below:

\(T_{eq}=\frac{m_{Cd}C_{Cd}T_{Cd}+m_{W}C_{W}T_{W}}{m_{Cd}C_{Cd}+m_{W}C_{W}}\)

Now, we plug in to obtain:

\(T_{eq}=\frac{37.60g*0.232\frac{J}{g\°C}*100.00\°C+25.00g*4.184\frac{J}{g\°C}*23.0\°C}{37.60g*0.232\frac{J}{g\°C}+25.00g*4.184\frac{J}{g\°C}}\\\\T_{eq}=28.9\°C\)

NOTE: since the density of water is 1g/cc, we infer that 25.00 cc equals 25.00 g.

Best regards!

The percent composition of CuBr₂ is approximately 28.46% of Cu and 71.54% of Br.

To determine the percent composition of CuBr₂ (copper(II) bromide), we need to calculate the mass of each element in the compound and then divide it by the molar mass of the entire compound.

The molar mass of CuBr₂ can be calculated by adding up the atomic masses of copper (Cu) and bromine (Br) in the compound. The atomic masses of Cu and Br are approximately 63.55 g/mol and 79.90 g/mol, respectively.

Molar mass of CuBr₂ = (63.55 g/mol) + 2(79.90 g/mol) = 223.35 g/mol

Now, let's calculate the percent composition of each element in CuBr₂:

Percent composition of copper (Cu):

Mass of Cu = (63.55 g/mol) / 223.35 g/mol × 100% ≈ 28.46%

Percent composition of bromine (Br):

Mass of Br = 2(79.90 g/mol) / 223.35 g/mol × 100% ≈ 71.54%

Therefore, the percent composition of CuBr₂ is approximately:

- Copper (Cu): 28.46%

- Bromine (Br): 71.54%

These values represent the relative mass percentages of copper and bromine in the compound CuBr₂.

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In the carbon dioxide molecule has four shared pairs of electrons, there will be four covalent bonds created, hence option B is correct.

In organic chemistry, covalent bonds are far more prevalent than ionic ones. Two nuclei are simultaneously drawn to one or more pairs of electrons to form a covalent connection. Bonding electrons are those that are present between the two nuclei.

When atoms share electron pairs, covalent bonding results. Atoms create covalent bonds with one another in order to build a complete electron shell, which increases stability.

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Answer:

moles of Ba²⁺ : 0.97 mol

Moles of OH⁻ : 1.94 mol

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of Ba(OH)₂ = 165.5 g

Moles of barium ions = ?

Moles of hydroxide ion = ?

Solution:

Number of moles of barium hydroxide:

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Number of moles = 165.5 g/ 171.34 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.97 mol

one mole of barium hydroxide contain one mole of Ba²⁺ and 2 mole of OH⁻ ion.

Thus in 0.97 moles of barium hydroxide,

moles of Ba²⁺ :

0.97 mol × 1 = 0.97 mol

Moles of OH⁻ :

0.97 mol × 2=  1.94 mol

Answer:

It does not change the identity of a substance. Sugar if dissolved in water is still sugar.

Explanation:

Answer:

See explanation.

Explanation:

Hello,

a. In this case, the change of color is evident for instance when copper reacts with nitric acid to form hydrogen and copper (II) nitrate since copper orange-like and nitric acid is colorless, but copper (II) nitrate is green (dry) or blue (hydrated).

b. In this case, when we make react hydrochloric acid and magnesium, we notice a gas giving off while the magnesium chloride remains aqueous, due to the fact that magnesium displaces hydrogen which is given off as a gas.

c. In this case, we can consider an egg since when it is edible it has a tasty smell but when it decomposes to rotten egg, hydrogen sulfide is given off due to the action of specific bacteria, causing a change in smell to a quite stinky one.

d. In this case, a reaction by which a change of state is exhibited is for instance when aqueous lead (II) nitrate reacts with aqueous potassium iodide to yield potassium nitrate which remains aqueous whereas the lead (II) iodide precipitates out as a solid due to its tiny solubility as a yellow solid.

Best regards.

The number of C atoms in 0.522 mol of C is:

Nc = 0.522 mol * Avogadro's number

Nc = 0.522 mol * 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol

Nc = 3.145 x 10^23 atoms

So there are 3.145 x 10^23 atoms of C in 0.522 mol of C.

Na₂SO₄ contains 1.90834 X 10²⁴ molecules or formula units in a 450 gram sample.

Formula unit- The chemical formula of an ionic compound that lists the ions in the smallest ratio that corresponds to a neutral electrical charge is known as a formula unit. Chemical formulae are used to describe the constituent parts of a compound in chemistry.

Na₂SO₄ molecular mass is 23x2+ 32+ 16X4.

= 142g/mol

Na₂SO₄ mass = 450g

Na₂SO₄ moles are equal to mass/molar mass.

450g/142g/mol = 3.170 mol.

6.02 X 10²³ mol is the Avogadro's number.

formula unit= moles * Avogadro's number

⇒3.17 X 6.02 X 10²³ molecules= 1.90834 X 10²⁴  

Na₂SO₄ therefore contains 1.90834 X 10²⁴ molecules or formula units..

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Answer:

The mass of Carbon-12 is exactly 12 amu. But, that is not the number that is reported in your periodic table. Carbon as it exists in nature is not all carbon-12. There is some small amount of carbon-13 and even traces of carbon-14 in there. The periodic table reports the average mass of the carbon as it is found in nature, not that of pure carbon-12. The average mass of carbon is slightly heaver than carbon-12, because of the slight amounts of those heaver isotopes of carbon in nature.

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Explanation:

Tthe initial temperature of the polystyrene sample is 39.4°C.

Given: Mass of polystyrene sample = 54.2 gSpecific heat of polystyrene = 1.880 J-g°CWater mass = 100.0 g Initial water temperature = 21.0°CWater final temperature = 34.3°CPressure remains constant at 1 atmFormula used:Heat gained by water = heat lost by polystyreneHence,Heat lost by polystyrene = Heat gained by water=> mcΔT = mcΔTwhere,m = mass of polystyrene or waterc = specific heat capacityΔT = change in temperatureThe temperature change is ΔT = 34.3°C - 21.0°C = 13.3°CNow we can use this temperature change to calculate the initial temperature of the polystyrene.Taking the water's specific heat capacity, c = 4.184 J/g°CHeat gained by water = (100.0 g)(4.184 J/g°C)(13.3°C) = 5574 JHeat lost by polystyrene = 5574 JTaking the polystyrene's specific heat capacity, c = 1.880 J/g° ) = 13.3°C Now let's calculate the mass of polystyrene using the specific heat capacity formula.5574 J = (54.2 g)(1.880 J/g°C)(13.3°C - Ti)Ti = 39.4°C

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i When sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is mixed with an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4), the student can expect to see several evidence of a chemical reaction:

Formation of a solid precipitate: When these two solutions are mixed, a solid precipitate of copper(II) carbonate (CuCO3) will form. This is a sign that a chemical reaction has occurred.

Change in color: The reaction between sodium carbonate and copper(II) sulfate will also result in a change in color. The solution may turn a blue or green color, indicating the presence of copper(II) ions.

Release of gases: The reaction between sodium carbonate and copper(II) sulfate may also produce gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2).

ii The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium carbonate and copper(II) sulfate is:

2Na2CO3(aq) + CuSO4(aq) → 2Na2SO4(aq) + CuCO3(s)

iii This is a double displacement reaction, also known as a metathesis reaction. In this type of reaction, the cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negatively charged ions) of the reactant compounds exchange places to form the products. In this case, the sodium ions (Na+) and the copper ions (Cu2+) exchange places to form sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and copper carbonate (CuCO3).

The octet rule describes an atom's propensity to favour eight electrons in its valence shell. Atoms with fewer than eight electrons are more likely to interact with one another and create more stable molecules.

Based on the observation that the atoms of the main group elements tend to participate in chemical bonding in a way that each atom of the resulting molecule has eight electrons in the valence shell, this theory was developed. Only the core group elements are subject to the octet rule.

Because both atoms receive a full valence shell as a result of the sharing, the octet rule is essential in covalent bonding.

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A reaction in which reactants react to form products is called forward reaction. In some reactions, products would change back into reactants which is called backward reaction.

In forward reaction, the reactants react with each other and forms product as a result. The reaction occurs from left to right in an equation.

In backward reaction, the products that was formed would revert back to form reactants due to surrounding conditions. The reaction occurs from right to left in an equation.

The type of reaction where both forward and backward reaction takes place is called reversible reaction. When the rate of the reaction between forward and backward reaction becomes equal, it reaches a state of equilibrium.

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