Bacteria that are Gram Stain Positive have several teichoic acids which are resistant to decolorization. True False
Answers
False.Gram-positive bacteria are characterized by the presence of a thick layer of peptidoglycan, which is cross-linked by glycoproteins called muramic acid and N-acetylmuramic acid. This layer of peptidoglycan is responsible for the Gram stain reaction, which stains the bacteria blue.
Teichoic acids are a type of polysaccharide that are found on the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. They are made up of repeating units of D-glucose and D-mannose, and they play a role in maintaining the integrity of the cell wall and inhibiting the growth of other bacteria.
Teichoic acids are not resistant to decolorization, and the Gram stain test does not rely on this property to differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Instead, the Gram stain test relies on the differences in the thickness and composition of the cell wall between the two types of bacteria.
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Related Questions
Which of the following can be used to measure absolute time? Select all that apply.
A. varves
B. tree rings
C. law of superposition
D. ratio of C-12 to C-14 in a bone sample
Answers
true or false? the main function of lymphocytes is phagocytosis of bacteria and other invading microorganisms. true false
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
False. The main function of lymphocytes is not phagocytosis of bacteria and other invading microorganisms.
What is the main function of lymphocytes?
Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell (WBC) that play a crucial role in the immune system. They are produced in the bone marrow and are found in the blood and lymphatic tissue. Lymphocytes are divided into three main types: B cells, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. The main function of lymphocytes is to recognize, bind to, and eliminate specific foreign substances such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. They do this by producing specific antibodies against the invading organisms or by directly attacking the cells that harbor them. Lymphocytes also play a role in immunological memory, which allows the body to recognize and respond to previously encountered pathogens more quickly and effectively. Overall, the main function of lymphocytes is to provide the body with immunity against infections by detecting and eliminating foreign microorganisms. They do not perform phagocytosis, which is the process by which specialized cells called phagocytes engulf and digest microorganisms.
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Match the animal species to their common distribution patterns.
Answers
Birds-Migratory
Large Predators-Sparse distribution
Freshwater fish-Local Endemic
Birds - Migratory
Large Predators- Sparse distribution
Freshwater fish- Local Endemic
What is the distribution pattern of species?Species dispersion patterns also called distribution patterns is how the individuals in a population are distributed in space at a given time. The individual organisms that make up a population can be more or less equally spaced, dispersed randomly with no predictable pattern, or clustered in groups.What are the patterns of distribution?Types of distribution pattern:-
Uniform dispersion:- they can be more or less equally spaced apart Random dispersion:- dispersed randomly with no predictable pattern Clumped dispersion :- clustered in groups .To know more about distribution pattern here
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Two fruit flies that are heterozygous for body color and eye color are crossed. Brown body color is dominant to black body color. Red eye color is dominant to brown eye color. Use the Punnett square to determine the ratio of offspring with: Brown body and red eyes Brown body and brown eyes : Black body and red eyes : Black body and brown eye.
Answers
The ratio of offspring that possess the following phenotype is as follows:
Brown body and red eyes: 9Brown body and brown eyes: 3Black body and red eyes : 3Black body and brown eye: 1This question involves two genes coding for body color and eye color in fruit flies respectively. The brown body color allele (B) is dominant over the black body color allele (b) in the first gene while the red eye color allele (R) is dominant over the brown eye color allele (r) in the second gene. In a dihybrid cross between two fruit flies that are heterozygous for both genes i.e. BbRr × BbRr, the allelic combinations of gametes produced by each parent fruit fly will be:BbRr- BR, Br, bR and brUsing these gametes to complete a punnet square (see attached image), 16 possible offsprings will be produced in a ratio 9:3:3:1 where;Brown body and red eyes (B_R_) : 9Brown body and brown eyes (B_rr) : 3 Black body and red eyes (bbR_) : 3Black body and brown eye (BbRr) : 1Hence, the ratio of the offsprings will be 9:3:3:1Learn more about punnet square at: https://brainly.com/question/14504341?referrer=searchResults
Answer:
9, 16, 3, 16, 3, 16, 1, 16
Explanation:
Brown body and red eyes ⇒ 9 ⇒ 16
Brown body and brown eyes ⇒ 3 ⇒ 16
Black body and red eyes ⇒ 3 ⇒ 16
Black body and brown eyes ⇒ 1 ⇒ 16
In Australia, some native bugs eat the large fruit of an invasive plant by making a hole in the fruit’s thick skin with their mouthparts. The table below shows data that scientists collected about the bugs before and after the invasive plants were introduced. (S7L5a)1 pt.Bug CharacteristicsBefore Invasive PlantsAfter Invasive Plantsaveragelengthofmouthparts(female)6.81mm7.41mmaveragelengthofmouthparts(male)6.08mm6.48mmaveragebodylength(female)13.24mm13.65mmaveragebodylength(male)11.63mm11.92mmBased on the information in the table, which of the following best explains why this bug population has changed since the introduction of the invasive plants? A.The bugs are unable to feed on native fruits. B.Bugs with shorter mouthparts have all died off. C.Bugs with shorter mouthparts have all died off. D.The bugs have started cross-breeding with a larger species.8. Based on fossil evidence, scientists concluded that whales evolved from hoofed mammalian ancestors that lived on land. New evidence confirms this and suggests that among the hoofed mammals, the hippopotamus is the closest living relative of whales. Which of the following was the most likely source of this new evidence? (S7L5c)1 pt.A.Comparisons of lifespans B.Comparisons of gene sequencesC.Mapping of geographic distributions D.Calculation of population birth rates
7thGrade Unit 3 Pre-Assessment9. The illustrations below show a sugar glider and a flying squirrel. (S7L5b)1 pt.The sugar glider lives in Australia, and the flying squirrel lives in North America. The two species have many similar characteristics, including the ability to glide, but the sugar glider and the flying squirrel are not closely related species.Which of the following statements explains why the sugar glider and the flying squirrel both have the ability to glide?A.Both evolved at the same time in geologic history B.Both interbred and blended their gene pools in the past.C.Both learned to glide by imitating the same kinds of bird species.D.Both adapted to similar niches in which gliding increased their chances of survival10. Thousands of years ago, the jaws and teeth of jaguars were more varied in size than they are today. During a period of climate change about 11,000 years ago, jaguars faced a shortage of food. There were fewer mammals to eat, so the jaguars had to eat shelled reptiles. The jaguars with the largest jaws and teeth could most easily eat the shelled reptiles. Which of the following statements best explain why large jaws and teeth are common characteristics in jaguars today? (S7L5c)1pt.A.Jaguars with the smallest jaws and teeth died out completely.B.Jaguars with the smallest jaws and teeth were not ever able to mate.C.Jaguars with the largest jaws and teeth survived and reproduced more successfully than other jaguars.D.Jaguars with the largest jaws and teeth strengthened them by using them more frequently than other jaguars.
7thGrade Unit 3 Pre-AssessmentConstructed Response Items:11. A hawk has a genetic trait that gives it muchbetter eyesight than other hawks of the same species in the same area. Explain how this could lead to evolutionary change within this species of hawk over a long period of time. In your answer, be sure to include an explanation of:(S7L5b) 4pts (1pt.each)A.Competition within the hawk population1 pt.B.Survival of various individuals in the population1 pt.C.How the frequency of the better-eyesight trait would be expected to change over time within the population1 pt.D.What would most likely happen to the hawks having the better-eyesight trait if they also had unusually weak wing muscles1 pt.
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
When the invasive plants were introduced, the bug population has changed since all of the bugs with shorter mouthparts have perished. So, the correct option is C.
What is Population?The term "population" is frequently used to describe the total number of people living in a particular location. To estimate the number of the residents within a certain territory, governments conduct censuses.
A population is the entire set of people in a group, whether that group is a country or a collection of people who share a certain trait. A population is the group of people that are selected when a statistical sample is taken in statistics.
In the case above, the introduction of invasive plants affected the bug population as all the bugs with shorter mouthparts perished.
So, the correct option is C.
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Can someone explain question 4?
Answers
is a stretch of dna consisting of an operator, a promoter, and genes for a related set of proteins, usually making up an entire metabolic pathway.
Answers
Operon is a stretch of DNA consisting of an operator, a promoter, and genes for a related set of proteins, usually making up an entire metabolic pathway.
A grouping of genes along the DNA that code for functionally similar proteins is known as an operon and is a genetic regulatory mechanism that is present in bacteria and their viruses. Because of this property, protein production can be coordinated to meet the demands of the cell.
An operon is a collection of genes that are all translated into the same mRNA and share a common promoter. Operons come in two different varieties: lac and trp. The lac operon is an inducible operon that is present in Escherichia coli and encodes the genes involved in the catabolism of lactose.
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Describe what the town looked like when the Once-ler first arrived in his
wagon.
In the movie Lorax
Answers
When the Once-ler first arrived in his wagon, the town looks like very large surrounded by trees called Truffula trees.
What are the conditions of town look like?A Town looks like very huge with an enormous number of trees. Bears are randomly walking around the trees and eating truffula fruits.
Fishes were lived in a pond, a place called glorious where swamee swans were found.
Therefore, when the Once-ler first arrived in his wagon, the town looks like very large surrounded by trees called Truffula trees.
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The properties of matter depend on the types of atoms a substance is made ofTrue or false
Answers
This statement is true. Properties of a material are a direct consequence of the atoms that constitute it and their interactions.
Would you expect to find the same kinds of interactions between organisms in very
different ecosystems? Why or why not?
Answers
Answer:
No organism exists in isolation. Individual organisms live together in an ecosystem and depend on one another. In fact, they have many different types of interactions with each other, and many of these interactions are critical for their survival.
No living thing exists in a vacuum. In an ecosystem, several organisms coexist and rely on one another. In actuality, they interact with one another in a wide variety of ways, many of which are essential to their existence.
What is ecosystem?An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life.
Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organisms. Abiotic factors include rocks, temperature, and humidity.
Every factor in an ecosystem depends on every other factor, either directly or indirectly. A change in the temperature of an ecosystem will often affect what plants will grow there, for instance.
Therefore, No living thing exists in a vacuum. In an ecosystem, several organisms coexist and rely on one another. In actuality, they interact with one another in a wide variety of ways, many of which are essential to their existence.
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why is it possible for bacteria to make a human protein, such as insulin, or a sea anemone protein, such as the red fluorescent protein?
Answers
All living things share the same DNA structure, DNA coding, and cellular machinery for transcription and translation. So, it is quite possible for bacteria to form human proteins.
Why is a human protein capable of being produced by bacteria?The genetic code is universal, making it conceivable to genetically engineer bacteria to produce human proteins. The genetic code is the set of guidelines by which data encoded in genetic material, such as DNA or mRNA sequences, is converted by living cells into proteins.
How are proteins in humans made?All cells use proteins as their primary building blocks and operating molecules. All creatures generate them by a similar two-step process known as protein synthesis, in which DNA is first translated into RNA and then into protein.
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Is there a 100% chance that the puppies will have solid fur?
Answers
where is the electron transport chain located in the mitochondria
Answers
Answer:
the inner mitochondrial membrane
Explanation:
can you place the labels in this concept map that summarizes the stages of photosynthesis?
Answers
The concept map that summarizes the stages of photosynthesis:
Photosynthesis
* Light-dependent reactions
* Chloroplasts * Absorbs light energy * Splits water molecules * Releases oxygen * Generates ATP and NADPH* Calvin cycle
* Uses ATP and NADPH * Fixes carbon dioxide * Produces glucoseOutput:
* Glucose* OxygenInput:
* Light energy* Water* Carbon dioxideWhat is the concept map about?The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoids, which are flattened sacs inside the chloroplasts. The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma, which is the fluid surrounding the thylakoids.
The light-dependent reactions use light energy to split water molecules into hydrogen ions, oxygen, and electrons. The electrons are then used to create ATP and NADPH, which are energy-carrying molecules.
The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH to fix carbon dioxide into glucose. Glucose is a type of sugar that can be used by plants for energy or stored for later use.
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Complete question:
can you place the labels in this concept map that summarizes the stages of photosynthesis? (image attached)
I need help ASAP
Earth is a sphere with 360 degrees. It rotates upon its axis once every 24 hours. How many degrees will a star have appeared to move in one hour?
Answer choice
0
180
15
23.5
Answers
The degree in which a star appears to move in one hour is 15° and is denoted as option C.
What is Rotation?This is referred to as the circular movement of an object around a central axis such as that of the earth which rotates on its axis once a day.
Since the earth rotation takes about 23 hours and 56 minutes and is at an angle of 361° then we can calculate the per hour by the following below:
Since 24 hours = 1 day
Then 361°/24 = 15° then the number of degrees will a star have appeared to move in one hour.
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What are gametes? Gametes are seeds. Gametes are spores. Gametes are a part of asexual reproduction. Gametes are sex cells, like the egg and sperm.
Answers
Answer: Gametes are sex cells. They are sperm and egg.
Explanation:I took the test
A test offered on the Web by a direct-to-consumer genetic testing company genotypes a gene for ability to taste bitter substances. This test is not regulated by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) because
Answers
A test offered on the Web by a direct-to-consumer genetic testing company genotypes a gene for the ability to taste bitter substances. This test is not regulated by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) because it is considered as a research test.
Direct-to-consumer genetic testing is a service that allows individuals to access genetic information without consulting with a healthcare provider. These tests are marketed directly to consumers and do not require a prescription. The tests offered by these companies range from ancestry testing to tests that predict disease risk. Research tests, like the one described in the question that genotypes a gene for the ability to taste bitter substances, are not regulated by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA).
CLIA regulates laboratory testing and requires clinical laboratories to be certified before they can accept human samples for diagnostic testing. CLIA certification ensures that laboratories are meeting certain quality standards for testing accuracy and reliability. Since research tests are not intended for diagnostic purposes, they do not fall under CLIA regulations.
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If decomposers were removed
from an ecosystem, which of the
scenarios below would occur?
A. The number of plant species would increase
due to the increased space available.
B. The number of animals would decrease due to
the lack of plant life.
C. The ecosystem would collapse due to the lack
of nitrogen and carbon available to producers.
Answers
Answer:
Its either B or C but I would go with C
Explanation:
If decomposers were removed from an ecosystem the ecosystem would collapse due to the lack of nitrogen and carbon available to producers.
What are decomposers?" Decomposers are organisms, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material."
Why are decomposers important for the ecosystem?Decomposers play a critical role in the flow of energy through an ecosystem:
They break apart dead organisms into simpler inorganic materials, making nutrients available to primary producers.Decomposer bacteria are responsible for fixing nitrogen in the soil, meaning they transform nitrogen into a form that can be used by other organisms in the food chain.Decomposition is also important because it is part of the global carbon cycle. The carbon cycle is the cyclical movement of carbon atoms from the atmosphere to the biosphere/lithosphere and back to the atmosphere.What is an ecosystem?"An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life."
What is a producer?"Producers are autotrophs, or organisms that produce their own food. Plants and algae are examples of producers."
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which era characterized by the extinction of reptiles and the appearance of mammals is considered significant in geological history
Answers
Answer:
Mesozoic Era
Explanation:
The "Mesozoic Era" is divided into three periods: Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous. During the last period (Cretaceous), which was considered the longest, the extinction of reptiles occurred and the new mammals appeared. This event was also known as the "Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction Event." Around 3/4 of plants and animals died. Such event became significant boundary that laid between the Cenozoic Era and the Mesozoic Era. This made it significant in geologic history.
define natural selection and identify the logical progression of thought that led to Darwin’s discovery of natural selection as the mechanism of biological change (evolution), including the role of selective pressures and differential reproductive success.
Answers
Answer:
A visit to the Galapagos Islands in 1835 helped Darwin formulate his ideas on natural selection. He found several species of finch adapted to different environmental niches. The finches also differed in beak shape, food source, and how food was captured.
Mechanisms of evolution correspond to violations of different Hardy-Weinberg assumptions. They are mutation, non-random mating, gene flow, finite population size (genetic drift), and natural selection.
Explanation:
using a named examples explain the differences between a specific body defence mechanism and a non- specific body defence mechanism
Answers
Answer:
Specific body defence mechanism are resistance that are directed against only one specific invader while,
Non specific defence mechanism protects against any of an enormous range of possible dangers.
Explanation:
NON SPECIFIC DEFENCE MECHANISM are the first lines of general defence, they prevent entry and minimise further passage of microbes and other foreign material into the body. There are five main non specific defence mechanisms, these include:
--> defence at body surface
--> phagocytosis
--> natural antimicrobial substances
--> inflammatory response
--> immunological surveillance
Using PHAGOCYTOSIS as a named example of non specific defence mechanism. This involves phagocytes such as the macrophages and neutrophils which are able to trap any invading microbes either by engulfing them or by extending long pseudopodia towards them which grasp them and reel them in. These cells are NON SELECTIVE in their targets.
SPECIFIC BODY DEFENCE MECHANISM directs its actions against a specific invader. In addition immunological memory develops which confers long term immunity to specific infections. The immunity could be cell mediated or antibody mediated immunity.
Using CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY as an example, Cytotoxic T-cells directly inactivate any cells carrying antigens. This means they are SELECTIVE in their targets. They attach themselves to the target cell and release powerful toxins, which are very effective because the two cells are so close together. This leads to destruction of abnormal body cells such as infected cells and cancer cells.
Why is mass selection considered a form of selective breeding?
Answers
Mass selection is considered a form of selective breeding because it includes selection of individuals from a large group organisms.
What is mass selection?Mass selection is defined as a type of selective breeding in which two species are chosed and breeded with one another. This process is used to get the desired characteristic organism.
So we can conclude that mass selection is considered a form of selective breeding because it includes selection of individuals from a large group organisms.
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The ___________ inside the bladder is formed by imaginary lines connecting the two ureter openings and the urethral opening.
Answers
Answer: internal sphincter
Explanation: a type of muscular valve. It helps prevent urine from leaking out.
can someone help me?
Answers
Answer:
Herbivore
Explanation:
The grasshopper eats grass and does not seem to eat anything else in the food web, so it is a herbivore. Herbivores are organisms that eat plants, and since the grasshopper furfills this definition, therefore it is a herbivore. It is not a carnivore because carnivores do not eat grass. It is not a decomposer because it does not break down dead material. It is not an omnivore because it does not eat both plants and animals.
Identify the products of the electron transport chain. Select all that apply.
A) H₂O
B) NADH
C) CO₂
D) FAD
E) 0₂
F) NAD*
G) ATP
H) FADH₂
Answers
The electron transport chain is the process by which electrons are transferred from the oxidation of food molecules such as glucose to the reduction of oxygen molecules.
The electron transport chainIt is an important part of cellular respiration and is responsible for producing most of the energy used by cells. The products of the electron transport chain are ATP, NADH, FADH₂, H₂O, and CO₂. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the main energy currency of the cell and is produced when the energy released from the electron transport chain is used to add a phosphate group to ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate). NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) and FADH₂ (Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide) are coenzymes which reduce NAD+ and FAD respectively during oxidation reactions and produce energy which is then used to synthesize ATP. H₂O (Water) is produced when oxygen molecules are reduced by the electron transport chain. CO₂ is a byproduct of the oxidation of food molecules. It is generated when the electrons from the oxidation of food molecules are transferred to the oxygen molecules.Therefore, the products of the electron transport chain are ATP, NADH, FADH₂, H₂O, and CO₂.To learn more about The electron transport chain refer to:
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Bronchi branch into _________________ These tubes end in bunches of
______________________________.
Answers
Bronchi branch into bronchioles, which branch into alveoli.
What are bronchi?
Your bronchi are the broad tubes that join to your trachea (windpipe) and send air to your left and right lungs, respectively. Your chest contains them. The word "bronchus" is pluralized as "bronchi." Your left lung receives air through your left bronchus. Your right lung receives air through your right bronchus. A crucial component of your respiratory system is your bronchi. Your bronchi distribute the air inside your lung as you breathe and your lungs expand.
Hence, Alveoli are created when bronchi branch into bronchioles.
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Describe in detail any four types of inheritance with example
classes. Represent each type with suitable diagram.
Answers
The types of inheritance include:
SINGLE INHERITANCE MULTIPLE INHERITANCEHIERARCHICAL INHERITANCE MULTILEVEL INHERITANCE How to explain the information1) SINGLE INHERITANCE : A child/derived class is derived from only one parent/base class.
EXAMPLE : Dog Class inherits the Animal class.
2) MULTIPLE INHERITANCE : A child/derived class is derived from more than one parent/base class.
EXAMPLE : A class Bat is derived from base classes Mammal and WingedAnimal.
3) HIERARCHICAL INHERITANCE : More than one child classes are derived from single class.
EXAMPLE : Physics, Chemistry and MAths are derived from Science Class.
4) MULTILEVEL INHERITANCE : A derived/child class is derived from a parent class which is derived from a single parent class.
EXAMPLE : Babydog inherits the Dog class which again inherits the animal class.
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5. Why is the residence time in rivers so low?
Answers
Answer:
because of flual flow the have c shaped
(b) To genetically engineer the original cell so that it would glow, the scientists had to obtain a suitable
gene.
(i) Describe the stages that a scientist would complete to obtain this gene.
Answers
Answer: See Below
Explanation:
1. The scientist would need to identify the gene for a protein that would make it glow. For example Aequorea victoria, the jellyfish that produces green fluorescent protein (GFP) is the most common type of fluorescent tag use in biotechnology. This would be done by completing genetic sequencing to identify the gene of interest from the jellyfish cell.
2. The gene could then be amplified through PCR. Assuming this is a bacterial cell, a vector such as pUC19 could be used. The vector and the PCR amplified product would have to be digested. A double digest is recommended to ensure the gene inserts in the proper conformation.
3. Heat shock the plasmid into the cell and proceed on to Blue/White screening to identify which cells contain the gene of interest. You can then isolate and grow the culture containing the GFP gene and induce with IPTG to produce the protein that would make it glow.
Alternatively you could buy a pre-made plasmid from AddGene containing the GFP gene for 75$, complete a miniprep on the cells and heatshock. Either way works.
Subunits called ______ are the building blocks of nucleic acids, as determined by scientists by about 1930.
Answers
By the year 1930, scientists had discovered that nucleic acids are composed of components called nucleotides.
What do nucleotides mean?a molecule made composed of a nitrogen-containing base, such as adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine in Cd; adenine, guanine, uracil, and cytosine in RNA; a phosphate group; and a sugar, such as deoxyribose in Genetic code; ribose in RNA.
What are nucleotides, and what do they do?The basic units of RNA and DNA are nucleotides. They have genetic material. Coenzymes, such as nucleotides, are necessary for enzymes to catalyze various biological processes. In our bodies, energy is kept in the form of ATP.
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