At approximately –50 mV, _____ is reached, Gate 1 of the voltage-activated Na+ channels opens, and Na+ ions _____ the neuron due to voltage and concentration gradients.
Answers
Answer:
threshold, enter
Explanation:
Sodium channels may be defined as the integral membrane proteins which forms the ion channels. It conducts the sodium ions through the cell's plasma membrane.
These channels are said to be located in the chromosome 2 of the human a well as mouse species. Sodium channels functions to mediate the fast depolarization and it conduct the electrical impulses throughout the nerves, heart and the muscles.
The sodium channel opens when a threshold is reached at -50mV to -55 mV which causes the rapid opening of the voltage-gated sodium channels.
Related Questions
Directions: Select the correct graph. A moth population living in adeciduous forest relies on camouflage to protect itself from predators.These moths typically vary in color and are thus able to camouflage amongboth the light- and dark-colored trees of the forest. However, as sootemitted from nearby factories darkens the forest's trees, the mothpopulation begins to evolve. Which of the following distribution graphsbest represents the evolution of this moth population?A.B.C.orD.
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In the graph, we can see how the original population ranged the same in each case, but considering the soot caused white moths to be more clearly spottable, and the black moths more imperceptible, the evolved population presented then a variation with respect to the original one. The graph that better represents this, is the first one, the A graph, since there we can see how a higher number of moths are restricted to the black moth part of the graph, than in the other graphs.
in arthropods, locomotion is accomplished by muscles that work against
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In arthropods, locomotion is accomplished by muscles that work against exoskeletons, which is a hard external skeleton that provides support and protection to their bodies.
Arthropods, including insects, spiders, and crustaceans, have an exoskeleton, which is a hard external skeleton that provides support and protection to their bodies.The muscles responsible for arthropod locomotion are attached to the inner surface of the exoskeleton. These muscles are arranged in antagonistic pairs, with one set of muscles contracting while the other set relaxes. When the contracting muscles shorten, they exert force on the exoskeleton, causing movement.
The exoskeleton acts as a rigid framework against which the muscles can work. As the muscles contract and relax, they generate the necessary force to move the arthropod's appendages, such as legs or wings. By alternating the contraction and relaxation of different sets of muscles, arthropods are able to produce a wide range of movements, including walking, crawling, flying, and swimming.
The exoskeleton also provides attachment points for the muscles, allowing for efficient transmission of force and precise control of movement. In some arthropods, such as insects, the exoskeleton may undergo molting, where the old exoskeleton is shed and replaced with a new one to accommodate growth.
In summary, locomotion in arthropods is achieved through the action of muscles working against their exoskeletons. The muscles contract and relax, exerting force on the rigid exoskeleton to produce a variety of movements necessary for the arthropod's mobility and survival.
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In 1907, Dr. Duncan MacDougall performed a series of experiments in which he attempted to measure the weight of the soul as it left a dying person. In his experiments, MacDougall placed a dying person on a scale and measured their weight immediately prior to and following death. MacDougall determined the change in weight to be approximately 21 grams. From these experiments, he concluded that the soul exists and has mass. What is the fundamental scientific flaw in his conclusions? (5 points)
They are based on the concept of the soul, which is beyond the bounds of science.
They are based on the idea that the soul is made of matter, not energy.
They are based on the assumption that the soul does not remain in the body after death.
They are based on the concept that the soul can be measured.
Answers
Answer:
I think so..
A. They are based on the concept of the soul, which is beyond the bounds of science.
Answer:
A. They are based on the concept of the soul, which is beyond the bounds of science.
Explanation:
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Which hormone that is involved in salt and water balance is stimulated by increased osmolarity?
a. aldosterone
b. antidiuretic hormone
c. prolactin
d. cortisol
e. atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Answers
The hormone that is stimulated by increased osmolarity and plays a significant role in salt and water balance is (B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin.
When the osmolarity of the blood increases, such as during dehydration or high salt intake, specialized cells in the hypothalamus detect these changes and stimulate the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary gland. ADH acts on the kidneys, specifically on the collecting ducts, where it increases the permeability of the tubules to water.
This promotes water reabsorption from the urine back into the bloodstream, reducing water loss and concentrating the urine. By conserving water, ADH helps maintain proper hydration and electrolyte balance in the body.
Its release is tightly regulated to ensure adequate fluid balance, and disruptions in ADH production or action can lead to conditions like diabetes insipidus or syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
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Which of the following analogies best describes the induced-fit model of enzyme- substrate binding? a square peg fitting through the square hole and a round peg fitting through the round hole of a children's toy a hug between two people the fitting together of two jigsaw puzzle pieces a key fitting into a lock
Answers
The analogy that best describes the induced-fit model of enzyme-substrate binding is a hug between two people.
What is the induced-fit model of enzyme-substrate binding?The induced-fit model is a model that proposes that the enzyme and the substrate undergo conformational changes upon binding to each other.
Initially, the active site of the enzyme has a shape that is similar but not perfectly complementary to the substrate. When the substrate approaches and interacts with the active site, the enzyme undergoes structural rearrangements to better accommodate the substrate.
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CHOOSE ONE: This organelle packages, processes, and sends proteins to their final destination.
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Golgi body
vacuole
Answers
Answer:
Golgi Body
Explanation:
The Golgi Body processes proteins made by the ER before sending the proteins to the cell.
the amount of oxygen in a sample of air can be measured using an electronic sensor how would you expect it to change around a sugar cane plant on a sunny day
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Answer:
I don't now you can help me
Erythrocitic schizogony
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Answer:
here is the answer according your question
Erythrocytic schizogony refers to asexual reproduction of a parasite in erythrocytes (red blood cells).
Scientists mate two parrots from different populations to see if speciation has occurred. The parrots mate over and over again, but the male sperm never fertilizes the female egg. What type of reproductive barrier might be operating?
Answers
The male sperm never fertilizes the female egg despite the parrots' repeated mating. Gametes mate, yet they are unable to combine. This is an illustration of a prezygotic reproductive barrier known as gametic isolation.
When one species splits into two, what form of natural selection is at play?The process through which one species divides into two or more species is known as adaptive radiation. Different populations become reproductively isolated from one another as a result of adjusting to various circumstances, which typically happens.
What is the most likely way for two separate species to diverge from a single ancestor species?By means of speciation, which occurs when an ancestor population divides into two or more genetically separate descendant populations, new species are created. Within the original population, speciation entails the reproductive isolation of groups and the development of genetic variations between the two groups.
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Once mitosis is completed, the new cells will each have _____ complete set(s) of chromosomes. luoa
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Once mitosis is completed, the new cells will each have two complete set(s) of chromosomes.
What is chromosomes ?The thread-like chromosomes that convey the genomic information from cell to cell are formed of protein and a single DNA molecule. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of cells in both plants and animals, including humans. The dissolution of the nucleus during cell division allows for the visualization of chromosomes under a microscope.
What is the outcome of mitosis ?A kind of cell division known as mitosis occurs when a single cell (the mother) divides into two genetically identical daughter cells. Mitosis, when referring to the cell cycle, is the stage of cell division during which the DNA in the cell's nucleus is divided into two identical sets of chromosomes.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that when mitosis is completed, the new cells will each have two complete set(s) of chromosomes.
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Many types of plants produce fruit which is eaten by animals. The seeds of these plants are typically undigestible. Which of the following is an advantage for plants having undigestible seeds? It allows seeds to reside in the gut until conditions are appropriate for germination. It ensures that flowers of these plants will be pollinated. It allows the seeds to be dispersed into other areas. It provides a source of nutrients for the germinating seed.
Answers
The advantage for plants having undigestible seeds is that it allows seeds to reside in the gut until conditions are appropriate for germination.
Fruits are a source of nutrition for animals that consume them, and they are also a means of seed distribution for plants that produce them. Many types of plants generate fruit that is consumed by animals; nevertheless, the seeds of such plants are usually indigestible. As a result, the seeds can be dispersed into new areas by animals that eat the fruit.
However, having undigestible seeds provides a distinct benefit to plants: it allows seeds to reside in the gut until conditions are appropriate for germination, which aids in seed growth and germination.
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It is commonly believed that the mean body temperature of a healthy adult is 98.6∘F. You are not entirely convinced. You believe that it is not 98.6∘F. You collected data using 54 healthy people and found that they had a mean body temperature of 98.26∘F with a standard deviation of 1.16∘F. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the mean body temperature of a healthy adult is not 98.6∘F. a) Identify the null and alternative hypotheses? H0: ?
H1: ? b) What type of hypothesis test should you conduct (left-, right-, or two-tailed)? i. left-tailed ii. right-tailed
iii. two-tailed c) Identify the appropriate significance level. d) Calculate your test statistic. Write the result below, and be sure to round your final answer to two decimal places. e) Calculate your p-value. Write the result below, and be sure to round your final answer to four decimal places. f) Do you reject the null hypothesis? 1. We reject the null hypothesis, since the p-value is less than the significance level.
2. We reject the null hypothesis, since the p-value is not less than the significance level. 3. We fail to reject the null hypothesis, since the p-value is less than the significance level. 4. We fail to reject the null hypothesis, since the p-value is not less than the significance level. g) Select the statement below that best represents the conclusion that can be made. 1. There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean body temperature of a healthy adult is not 98.6∘F. 2. There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean body temperature of a healthy adult is not 98.6∘F. 3. The sample data support the claim that the mean body temperature of a healthy adult is not 98.6∘F.
4. There is not sufficient sample evidence to support the claim that the mean body temperature of a healthy adult is not 98.6∘F.
Answers
The conclusion of the hypothesis test regarding the mean body temperature of a healthy adult is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean body temperature of a healthy adult is not 98.6∘F.
What is the conclusion of the hypothesis test regarding the mean body temperature of a healthy adult?a) Null Hypothesis (H0): The mean body temperature of a healthy adult is 98.6∘F.
Alternative Hypothesis (H1): The mean body temperature of a healthy adult is not 98.6∘F.
b) The hypothesis test should be two-tailed.
c) The appropriate significance level is 0.05.
d) The test statistic is calculated using the formula: (sample mean - hypothesized mean) / (sample standard deviation / sqrt(sample size)). The result is -5.86.
e) The p-value is calculated by finding the probability of obtaining a test statistic as extreme or more extreme than the observed value under the null hypothesis. The p-value is 0.0000.
f) We reject the null hypothesis, since the p-value is less than the significance level.
g) The phrase "There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean body temperature of a healthy adult is not 98.6F" best summarises the finding.
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Aside from human impact, which of the following causes less water vapor production over a small area?
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1. What is likely to be caused by a diet low in both fat and fibre?
A. Constipation and obesity
B. Constipation only
C. Neither constipation nor obesity
D. Obesity only
Answers
Answer:
A. Constipation and obesity I think
describe the experiment performed by stanley miller and harold urey.
Answers
Stanley Miller and Harold Urey conducted an experiment to test the hypothesis of whether organic molecules, such as amino acids, can be produced from inorganic substances in a prebiotic environment. In 1952, they designed an experiment to test this hypothesis by simulating a prebiotic environment that would have existed on Earth billions of years ago.
Miller and Urey's experiment involved creating a closed environment in a laboratory that mimicked the early Earth's atmosphere, which contained methane, ammonia, and water. These gases were sealed in a glass apparatus with two electrodes that acted as a spark plug, imitating lightning. The experiment was run for seven days, during which time the electrodes were heated to produce a spark, which was designed to simulate lightning in the prebiotic environment.After a week, the scientists found that the liquid in the apparatus had turned pink, indicating the presence of organic molecules. They discovered that there were amino acids and other organic molecules present, which are the building blocks of life. This experiment provided evidence that organic molecules could be formed spontaneously from inorganic materials in a prebiotic environment.
This groundbreaking experiment laid the foundation for the study of abiogenesis, which explores how life could have arisen from non-living materials in the early Earth. The study of abiogenesis is critical to understanding how life first arose and how it has evolved over time. The experiment performed by Stanley Miller and Harold Urey has been widely regarded as a landmark study in the field of origin of life research.
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describe two ways an organism can become a fossil without being buried in sediment.
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Organisms can become fossils without being buried in sediment in two main ways: permineralization and trace fossilization.
Permineralization occurs when minerals such as silica, calcite, or iron fill in the spaces within an organism's body, creating a hard, mineralized replica of the original organism. This process typically occurs in environments with high mineral content, such as volcanic ash deposits or mineral hot springs.
Trace fossilization occurs when an organism's activity, such as burrowing or footprints, leaves an impression in the substrate, which then becomes preserved as a fossil. This process does not involve the preservation of the actual organism's body, but rather the evidence of its activity. Trace fossils can provide valuable information about an organism's behavior and ecology. Examples of trace fossils include dinosaur footprints, worm burrows, and snail trails.
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the longevity discrepancy between blacks and whites may be a sign of:
Answers
The longevity discrepancy between blacks and whites may be influenced by socioeconomic factors, healthcare disparities, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, and experiences of stress and discrimination.
The longevity discrepancy between blacks and whites can be influenced by several factors, including:
Socioeconomic disparities play a significant role in health outcomes. Historically, racial minorities in many countries have faced systemic barriers to education, employment, housing, and healthcare access.
Limited access to resources and opportunities can contribute to poorer health outcomes and shorter life expectancies.
Unequal access to quality healthcare can contribute to differences in health outcomes.
Racial and ethnic minorities may face barriers in accessing healthcare due to factors such as cost, lack of insurance, geographic location, or discrimination within the healthcare system.
Differences in lifestyle choices, including diet, physical activity levels, smoking, and alcohol consumption, can impact health outcomes.
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____ are small marine organisms that live in the spaces between sediment particels
Answers
Answer:
Meiofauna
Explanation:
Meiofauna are small marine organisms that live in the spaces between sediment particles.
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consider three loci experiencing different selective conditions. assuming the same initial number of gene copies and constant population size, which locus will have the longest time to coalescence?
Answers
The locus under purifying selection is likely to have the longest time to coalescence, because it experiences the strongest force reducing genetic diversity.
The locus experiencing the strongest selective conditions will have the lowest effective population size and thus the longest time to coalescence. On the other hand, the locus under positive selection is likely to have the shortest time to coalescence, because it experiences the strongest force increasing genetic diversity. The locus under neutral selection is expected to have an intermediate coalescence time, because it is not subject to any strong selective pressure.
The time to coalescence refers to the amount of time it takes for the gene copies of a given locus to coalesce (i.e., trace back to a common ancestor). The coalescent time depends on various factors, including the effective population size, the mutation rate, and the selective conditions at the locus.
Given that the effective population size and mutation rate are the same for all three loci, the locus that experiences the strongest selective conditions will likely have the longest time to coalescence. This is because stronger selection reduces the effective population size, which in turn reduces the coalescent rate.
So, the locus experiencing the strongest selective conditions will have the lowest effective population size and thus the longest time to coalescence. The other two loci may have a higher effective population size and shorter coalescence times due to weaker selective pressures.
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____ are unicellular organisms with no nucleus that can cause diseases and pain with toxins.
word bank: protists, antibiotics, infectious, bacteria, pathogen, viruses, fungi, vector, vaccine.
Answers
Someone plz help me :(
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Chemical energy stored in the muscles transforms into kinetic energy and thermal energy when jogging or sprinting
The hypothesis that whales evolved from land-dwelling ancestors is supported by __________. ANSWER Unselected molecular comparisons of whales and fish Unselected historical accounts of walking whales Unselected the ability of captive whales to be trained to walk Unselected fossils of extinct whales that had increasingly reduced hind limbs Unselected evidence from the current biogeographic distribution of whales Unselected I DON'T KNOW YET
Answers
Answer:
The answer is "Third choice".
Explanation:
Fossils are a great source of evidence about whales' forebears. It demonstrates, for instance, that a land mammal lived 50 million to 700 years ago. Whales evolved from such marine residents were thought by scientists. Scientists. This and more cells from a fossil can be said, so the concept that whales evolved from ancestors of land is reinforced by an extinct whale which has shortened the hind limbs evermore.
If green house emissions do not decrease, what will happen to global climate?
Predict:
Observe:
Explain:
Answers
Answer:
If green house gas emissions do not decrease the globe will increasingly get warmer. The sun's heat enters the atmosphere, some heat will escape, some will be trapped. Carbon dioxide causes the heat to remain in the atmosphere. Without carbon dioxide Earth would very cold, but with the use of fossil fuels and other unsustainable resources we are releasing too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This is causes way too much heat to remain trap. And this is what is causing global warming
Help I’ll give brainless please
Answers
The mass of the wax after the melting would still be exactly 50 g
Law of conservation of massA cornerstone of physics and chemistry is the law of conservation of mass, commonly referred to as the principle of mass conservation. It asserts that mass cannot be created or removed in a closed system.
In other words, the total mass of a closed system remains constant over time, regardless of any physical or chemical changes that may occur within the system.
Since the mass of the wax would not change, it would be right to say that by this law, the melted wax would stull weigh 50g
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The kind of terrestrial biome that exists in a particular region depends largely on __________ and __________.
a) sunlight; soil
b) soil; available minerals
c) latitude; longitude
d) temperature; precipitation
Answers
The kind of terrestrial biome that exists in a particular region depends largely on temperature and precipitation.
What types of biomes are found on land?
There are eight main terrestrial biomes: temperate grasslands, temperate forests, boreal forests, Arctic tundra, and tropical rainforests, savannas, subtropical deserts, and chaparral. Large-scale habitats known as biomes can be identified by their distinctive temperature ranges and precipitation rates.
An place is categorized as a biome based on the species that call it home. Scientists can define a biome by defining the temperature range, soil type, amount of light, and water that are peculiar to a location and create niches for particular species.
Terrestrial biomes are defined chiefly by the type of plant that predominates in them, which is mostly influenced by temperature and precipitation. The kinds of plants that flourish in a region are determined by variations in temperature or precipitation.
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2. The phosphorus cycle is not
O atmospheric
O slow
O necessary
Answers
OPENING SCENE
Olivia, a blond teen, is resoundingly beating her male tennis opponent, Ned. She’s new in town and jokes that her partner went easy on her to make her feel welcome. From nowhere, a tennis ball cuts across their court. The dark-eyed brunette who hit it, Diana, stares at them. Olivia seems stunned into silence. Diana sneers at her and says, "Any day now." Olivia hits the ball back to her, almost directly into her face.
"What was that all about? You know Diana Morrison?" Ned asks.
"I used to, back when I lived in Granville the first time," Olivia answers. "Back then we were friends. It was like a million years ago."
As they walk away, we hear Diana’s tennis coach screaming, "Diana, Diana! Somebody help Diana, please!"
"Is she OK? What’s happened?" Olivia gasps after running over. Diana has collapsed to the tennis court, not breathing. "She just dropped unexpectedly," Diana’s coach responds. "Call 911!"
Answers
The sudden collapse of Diana during the tennis match indicates a medical emergency, possibly a cardiac arrest, requiring immediate medical attention.
The unexpected collapse of Diana on the tennis court suggests a serious medical event, most likely a cardiac arrest. Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart suddenly stops beating, leading to a lack of oxygen supply to the body. The immediate response required in such cases is to call emergency medical services, in this case, 911, to ensure that professional help arrives as quickly as possible.
Diana's coach's plea for help and the mention of her not breathing further emphasize the urgency of the situation. Immediate medical intervention, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and potentially the use of an automated external defibrillator (AED), may be necessary to revive Diana and restore her normal heart rhythm.
It is important to note that sudden cardiac arrest can occur in individuals of any age, even among seemingly healthy individuals. Factors such as underlying heart conditions, previous cardiac events, or genetic predispositions can contribute to the occurrence of cardiac arrest. However, it is not possible to determine the exact cause without a thorough medical evaluation.
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which of these describes a strain? a.) muscle tissue grows uncontrollably b.) muscle fiber tears or stretches too far c.) muscle tissue doesn't grow from exercise d.) muscle tissue shrinks
Answers
The correct answer id option D
D muscle tissue shrinks
What is Muscle Tissue?
Animals have a specific tissue called muscle that contracts when activated, applying forces to various body parts. Muscle tissue is made up of sheets and fibers of muscle cells woven together
The muscle contracts in response to a signal coming from the outside world or a nerve impulse leaving the brain. The entire muscle contracts as soon as the nerve impulse reaches all of the muscular tissue's nerve cells, which happens virtually instantly.
Each muscle cell has a combination of actin and myosin-containing proteins at the cellular level. Whenever the signal to contract is received, these proteins move past one another. The cells' ends are attached to the filaments, which shorten the cell as they glide past one another. When a muscle contracts, a single cell can shrink by up to 70% of its original length, shortening the entire muscle.
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Given what you know about chromosome movement and spindle changes during anaphase, predict which type of motor proteins would be present on kinetochore microtubules.
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The type of motor proteins present on kinetochore microtubules during cell division stages include kinesin and dynein.
What are kinesin and dynein motor proteins?Kinesin and dynein are motor proteins that bind to microtubules during the movement of chromosomes such as occur during the anaphase of the cell division. These motor proteins require the hydrolysis of ATP in order to transport chromosomes to the poles.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that kinesin and dynein motor proteins transport chromosomes to the cell poles in a process that requires the hydrolysis of ATP.
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Can you argue that a DEAD leaf will respond to stimuli in its environment? A dead leaf cannot reproduce because after dying, every single living property such as metabolism, being able to reproduce, being able to respond to stimuli, and even growing is stopped.... but can we argue that the dead leaf, if submerged in water would have a faster decomposition rate, or, the leaf would become more brittle in more cases?
Answers
Answer:
cannot reproduce after dying
Explanation: