______ are the smallest blood vessels.

Answer:

it increases chance of mutation of unrepaired skin cells that add up and create a tumoer

Explanation:

Answer:

B.) increased exposure to UV light increases the risk of a mutation occurring

Explanation:

I made 100% on the Chromosomal Changes quiz!

Answer:

oxygen, carbon dioxide

Explanation:

I think this is just cellular respiration.

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

The possible combinations form from an offspring in which parents have  ST and st genotypes is SSTT, SSTt, SStt, SsTT, SsTt, ssTT, ssTt and sstt, it is supposing that S and T genes are not linked.

In offspring, genes are inherited as independent units in the case that genes are not located on the same chromosomes. This law is known as the principle of independent segregation.

In this case, parents may form all types of gamete combinations and therefore offspring may exhibit any combination.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that parents in this case may form different gamete combinations for S and T genes that will be inherited in offspring.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Plants use both photosynthesis and cellular respiration to generate energy because they have organelles called chloroplasts that enable them to carry out photosynthesis. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which allows plants to convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

However, photosynthesis only occurs during the day, when there is sufficient light available. At night or in the absence of light, plants still need to generate energy to carry out cellular processes, such as growth, repair, and reproduction. This is where cellular respiration comes in.

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down glucose to generate energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Unlike photosynthesis, which only occurs in plants and some bacteria, cellular respiration occurs in all living organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms.

Animals only use cellular respiration to generate energy because they do not have chloroplasts and cannot carry out photosynthesis. Instead, they obtain energy by consuming other organisms, either directly or indirectly. The food they consume contains organic compounds, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which are broken down during cellular respiration to generate ATP.

In summary, plants use both photosynthesis and cellular respiration because they have chloroplasts that enable them to generate energy from sunlight during the day, while also using cellular respiration to generate energy at night or in the absence of light. Animals, on the other hand, only use cellular respiration because they do not have chloroplasts and cannot carry out photosynthesis.

Answer:

Seasons occur because Earth is tilted on its axis relative to the orbital plane, the invisible, flat disc where most objects in the solar system orbit the sun. ... In June, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, the sun's rays hit it for a greater part of the day than in winter.

Answer:

It is because the earth's spin axis is tilted with respect to its orbital plane

Explanation:

This is what causes the seasons. When the earth's axis points towards the sun, it is summer for that hemisphere. When the earth's axis points away, winter can be expected. I hope it helps you

Extracellular polymeric substances help protect biofilms from issues such as drying out and predators. Option A

Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and form a protective matrix. They can be found in various natural and artificial environments, such as riverbeds, medical devices, and plumbing systems. Biofilms provide advantages to the microorganisms within them, including protection from environmental stresses and predators.

One of the key components that helps protect biofilms is extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). EPS are complex mixtures of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA that are secreted by microorganisms within the biofilm. These substances form a matrix that encases the cells, providing structural support and protecting the community.

EPS help biofilms resist drying out by retaining water and preventing desiccation. The polysaccharides in EPS can absorb and retain moisture, creating a hydrated environment within the biofilm even in dry conditions. This is crucial for the survival of the microorganisms within the biofilm.

Additionally, EPS serve as a barrier against predators. The matrix formed by EPS can make it difficult for predators, such as protozoa or grazing organisms, to access and consume the microorganisms within the biofilm. It acts as a physical defense mechanism, limiting the exposure of the microorganisms to predation.

While quorum sensing, becoming sessile (immobile), and autoinducers are all important mechanisms and processes associated with biofilms, they do not directly address the protection of biofilms from drying out and predators. So Option A is correct.

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Answer:

The purpose of natural selection is not a conscious or intentional one, as it is not driven by a specific goal or purpose. Instead, natural selection is a fundamental process in biology that acts on heritable traits within populations over generations. It is a key mechanism of evolution.

Explanation:

The primary outcome of natural selection is the adaptation of organisms to their environment. Individuals with traits that are advantageous in a particular environment are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on those beneficial traits to their offspring. Conversely, individuals with traits that are disadvantageous are less likely to survive and reproduce, leading to a reduction in the frequency of those traits in the population over time.

Natural selection, therefore, acts as a filter that shapes the characteristics of populations, favoring traits that enhance an organism's survival and reproductive success in a given environment. Over many generations, this process can lead to the development of new species or the modification of existing ones, as populations accumulate adaptations that allow them to thrive in different ecological niches.

It's important to note that natural selection does not have an end goal in mind, nor does it necessarily lead to the "best" or most advanced organisms. Instead, it is a consequence of the interactions between organisms and their environment, constantly shaping and refining the traits of living beings based on their ability to survive and reproduce.

Answer:

Explanation below

Explanation:

It should be understood that the population growth rate of a particular country can be explained or described as the increase in the number of the citizens of that country.

There are so many factors that contribute to an increase in the number of people of a country. These include influx of people into the country, increase in birth rate and decrease in death or mortality rate.

In this case, the growth rate is usually calculated in percentage, so the growth rate should be around 3.5%.

If there is no rain, the Arizona poppy would not be able to perform the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis is a process that involves two main stages: light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions.

Water is required in the light-dependent reactions to provide the electrons that are needed to generate ATP and NADPH, which are then used in the light-independent reactions to produce glucose.

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Answer:

C.

It controls the entry and exit of substances.

endocytosis is a process by which a substance is taken up by a cell. this is also known as phagocytosis at which cell engulf the large particles.

Small molecules are moved through the phospholipid bilayer by carrier and channel proteins, which were covered in the section before. Through a special process known as endocytosis, eukaryotic cells may also take up macromolecules and other small particles from the surrounding medium. Endocytosis is the process by which a region of the plasma membrane that surrounds the substance to be internalised buds off inside the cell to create a vesicle containing the substance. Christian deDuve invented the word "endocytosis" in 1963 to describe both the intake of fluids or macromolecules in small vesicles as well as the digestion of big particles (like bacteria). Pinocytosis (eating of cells) and phagocytosis (eating of cells) are the two terms used to describe these processes, respectively (cell drinking).

The model illustrates a process by which a substance is taken up by a cell.Which statements describe the process?

A. The model shows the process of endocytosis.

B. The process shown in the model requires energy from the cell.

C. The cell membrane in the model remains intact throughout the process.

D. The model shows the process of facilitated diffusion.

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Answer:

1. why: to protect the organism against pathogenic infections

2. how: by using genome engineering techniques. For example, by using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system in order to enlarge telomeres and thus avoid the negative effects of aging (i.e., tissue/organ atrophy).

Explanation:

The thymus plays a central role in immunity since in this organ thymus cell lymphocytes (T cells) mature into immunocompetent T-cells that initiate immune responses against pathogenic infections. Moreover, a particular type of B lymphocytes known as thymic B cells also resides at the thymus. It has been proposed that thymic B cells might be involved in the negative selection of T cells. Thus, the thymus plays a critical role in protecting the organism from infections, thereby it would be imperative to avoid thymus atrophy if human life is expanded. Nowadays, we know that telomere length shortens with age, thereby it is expected that genome engineering techniques capable of restoring telomere length might eventually avoid age effects such as, in this case, thymus atrophy. In this regard, the CRISPR-Cas 9 system is a versatile low-cost genome engineering tool that might be used for the addition of nucleotides at telomere ends.

Answer:

Hepatitis definitely but Herpes is double stranded but I’m not sure.

Explanation:

When examining different species to determine how recently they shared a common ancestor, scientists consider various forms of evidence, such as Genetic similarities or DNA and genetic code, Fossil records and Morphological similarities.

When scientists look at genetic similarities, they are looking at DNA and genetic codes.

By Comparing DNA sequences between species, scientist are able to tell if there s any genetic similarities and differences.

Species that are related usualy have more similar DNA sequences than distantly related species.

By calculating the genetic differences, scientists can estimate the time since the species diverged from a common ancestor.

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Answer:

a. protects the environment.

Explanation:

Using water efficiently means using it wisely and not wasting it. When we use water more efficiently, we reduce the amount of water we consume, which helps to conserve water resources. This is important because water is a limited resource, and by using it efficiently, we can ensure enough water is available for future generations.

By using water more efficiently, we can also protect the environment. Water is essential for many ecosystems and habitats, and by conserving water, we can help maintain the balance of these ecosystems. Additionally, using water efficiently can reduce the need for energy-intensive water treatment and distribution processes, which can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change.

So, using water more efficiently helps protect the environment but also helps conserve water resources for the future.

Answer:

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1-Water is passively transported into the roots and then into the xylem. 2-The forces of cohesion and adhesion cause the water molecules to form a column in the xylem. 3- Water moves from the xylem into the mesophyll cells, evaporates from their surfaces and leaves the plant by diffusion through the stomata.

If a solution is 8% solute, that means 8% of it (or 8/100ths) is made up of the stuff you added to it. We know that the whole solution is 100%. Therefore, we need to subtract 8% from 100%, which gives us 92%. We know this is correct since you can't have a less than 100% solution, since it exists wholly.

92% should be your answer.

Based on the food web provided, maple is the primary producer that act as the food source of the primary consumer which is the snowshoe hare. The snowshoe hare is the food source of wolves which is the secondary consumers. If the consumer of maple will be consumed by the wolves, the population of maple will increase. The snowshoe population will decrease since it will be consumed by wolves. This illustrates a network of food chains in of the different organisms present in the food web.

Answer - C. Increased maple population

Answer:

I am sure they can

Explanation:

Mitosis is the process in which a eukaryotic cell nucleus splits in two, followed by division of the parent cell into two daughter cells. The word "mitosis" means "threads," and it refers to the threadlike appearance of chromosomes as the cell prepares to divide.

The generation time of the bacteria in the following culture is approximately 3.01  hours.

To determine the generation time of bacteria, we can use the formula:

Generation time (t) = (Time elapsed (T) / Number of generations (n))

In this case, we have a time difference of 10 hours between the two samples.

To calculate the number of generations, we can use the formula:

Number of generations (n) = log(N₂ / N₁) / log(2)

Where N₂ is the final cell count (10,000 cells/ml) and N₁ is the initial cell count (1,000 cells/ml).

Plugging in the values, we get:

Number of generations (n) = log(10,000 / 1,000) / log(2) ≈ 3.32

Now, we can calculate the generation time:

Generation time (t) = Time elapsed (T) / Number of generations (n)

Generation time (t) = 10 hours / 3.32 ≈ 3.01 hours

Therefore, the generation time of the bacteria in this culture is approximately 3.01 hours.

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Answer:a

Explanation:

A because

Answer:

Keep it simple

Eliminate technical jargon.

Be concise, but not too concise.

Avoid abbreviations and acronyms.

Reduce the use of canned phrases.

Be concrete.

Be conversational.

Answer:

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Edited response:

B) Formation of sinkholes

Explanation:

"Groundwater pumping for urban water supply and for irrigation can produce new sinkholes in sinkhole-prone areas"

In the practice of science, hypothesis testing is used to develop explanations, acknowledging the possibility of alternative, more accurate explanations.

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Answer:

The cell wall is thick and rigid, made of cellulose, and  supports and protects the cell.

If the savannah forest stopped getting rains, they would actually become grasslands as they are because in rains they are more like tropical forests due to growth of trees.

Savannah forests are the grasslands that have mostly grasses and a few trees. The identity of these forests is that they have open canopy. Much rain is not preferred for Savannahs because then, more number of trees start growing and the identity of Savannahs is lost.

Tropical forests are the ones that have closed canopy because they have huge woody trees. They have very high rainfalls and are therefore wet. The temperature is mostly 20°C - 35°C.

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Homologous chromosomes are paired because they carry the same genes in the same order, although the alleles for each trait may differ.

During meiosis, the homologous chromosomes align during prophase I and exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over, which contributes to genetic diversity.In human beings, a pair of homologous chromosomes is present in every cell, one from each parent.

In females, the two X chromosomes are homologous pairs, while in males, the X and Y chromosomes are not homologous pairs since they carry different genes. During fertilization, the homologous chromosomes from the two parents pair up, and each gamete contains only one of each homologous chromosome.

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