air flows in an 8-cm-inside diameter pipe that is 4 m long. the air enters with a mach number of 0.45 and a temperature of 300 k. what friction factor would cause sonic velocity at the exit?

Part A:, the magnitude of the velocity of ball B just after it rebounds from the cushion at C is 3.07 m/s.

Part B: the angle θ just after ball B rebounds from the cushion at C is 55.4°.

Part A: To solve for the magnitude of the velocity of ball B just after it rebounds from the cushion at C, we can use the conservation of momentum and the conservation of kinetic energy.

Let's denote the final velocities of ball A and B as (υA)2 and (υB)2, respectively.

Conservation of momentum:

mAvA + mBvB = mAvA2 + mBvB2

where m is the mass of the ball and v is its velocity.

Substituting the given values and solving for (υB)2, we get:

(0.4 kg)(5 m/s) + (0.4 kg)(0) = (0.4 kg)(υA)2 + (0.4 kg)(υB)2

2 kg m/s = 0.4 kg (υA)2 + 0.4 kg (υB)2 (υB)2 = 5 - 0.2 (υA)2

Conservation of kinetic energy:

(1/2)mAvA² = (1/2)mAvA2² + (1/2)mB(υB)2²

Substituting the given values and (υB)2 from above, we get:

(1/2)(0.4 kg)(5 m/s² = (1/2)(0.4 kg)(υA)2²+ (1/2)(0.4 kg)[5 - 0.2 (υA)2]²

Simplifying and solving for (υA)2, we get:

(υA)2 = 4.15 m/s

Substituting this value in the equation for (υB)2, we get: (υB)2 = 3.07 m/s

Part B: To solve for the angle θ just after ball B rebounds from the cushion at C, we can use the law of reflection, which states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

Let's denote the angle of incidence as α and the angle of reflection as θ. We can solve for θ using the equation: θ = 2α - 90°

To find α, we need to find the angle of the velocity vector of ball B just before it collides with the cushion at C. This can be found using basic trigonometry:

tan α = (υBx)/(υBy)

where υBx is the x-component of the velocity vector and υBy is the y-component of the velocity vector.

We can find υBx and υBy using the conservation of momentum equations: mAvAx + mBvBx = mAvA2x + mBvB2x mAvAy + mBvBy = mAvA2y + mBvB2y

Substituting the given values and solving for υBx and υBy, we get:

υBx = -2.76 m/s

υBy = -2.53 m/s

Substituting these values in the equation for α, we get: α = -43.3°

Substituting this value in the equation for θ, we get: θ = 55.4°

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Answer:

Option C

Explanation:

Diverging lens are negative lens as they have negative focal length. Their

magnification is smaller than one.

They produce virtual image in which the refracted rays extended back in order to meet

Hence, option C is correct

The translational speed of the barrel at the bottom of the hill can be determined using the principles of conservation of energy and rotational motion.

To start, we need to find the potential energy of the barrel at the top of the hill. The potential energy (PE) is given by the formula PE = mgh, where m is the mass of the barrel, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height from which the barrel is released. In this case, m = 25.0 kg, g = 9.80 \(m/s^2\), and h = 23.0 m.

PE = (25.0 kg) * (9.80 \(m/s^2\)) * (23.0 m) = 5555 J

Next, we need to find the kinetic energy of the barrel at the bottom of the hill. The kinetic energy (KE) is given by the formula

KE = 0.5 * I * \(ω^2\),

where I is the moment of inertia and ω is the angular velocity.

The moment of inertia for a cylindrical barrel rolling without slipping is I = 0.5 * m * \(r^2\), where m is the mass of the barrel and r is the radius. In this case, m = 25.0 kg and r = 0.325 m.

\(I = 0.5 * (25.0 kg) * (0.325 m)^2 = 1.6506 kg·m^2\)

Since the barrel rolls without slipping, the angular velocity (ω) is related to the translational speed (vf) by the equation ω = vf / r, where r is the radius.

Now, we can use the conservation of energy to find the translational speed at the bottom of the hill. The total mechanical energy (E) is equal to the sum of the potential energy and the kinetic energy, and it remains constant throughout the motion.

E = PE + KE
\(E = 5555 J + 0.5 * (1.6506 kg·m^2) * (vf / 0.325 m)^2\)

Solving for vf, we can rewrite the equation as:

\(vf = √(2 * (E - PE) / (m / 0.325^2))\)

Substituting the values, we get:

\(vf = √(2 * (5555 J - 5555 J) / (25.0 kg / 0.325 m)^2)\)
\(vf = √(2 * 0 / (25.0 kg / 0.325 m)^2)\)
\(vf = √(0 / (25.0 kg / 0.325 m)^2)\)
vf = √0
vf = 0 m/s

Therefore, the translational speed of the barrel at the bottom of the hill is 0 m/s. This means that the barrel comes to rest at the bottom of the hill.

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Answer:

A. from a low-temperature areas to high-temperature areas

Explanation:

it goes from low-temperature to high-temperature because it's reacting

The calculated spring constant is approximately (9.0 s^2 / 4π^2) kg.

The period of vibration of an object attached to a spring is related to the mass of the object and the spring constant. The formula to calculate the period (T) of an oscillating mass-spring system is:

T = 2π√(m/k)

Where:

T = period of vibration

m = mass of the object

k = spring constant

In this case, the period (T) is given as 3.0 seconds, and the mass (m) is 1.0 kg. We can rearrange the formula to solve for the spring constant (k):

T = 2π√(m/k)

(3.0 s) = 2π√(1.0 kg/k)

Now, we can isolate k:

(3.0 s) / (2π) = √(1.0 kg/k)

(3.0 s) / (2π) = √(k/1.0 kg)

Square both sides:

(3.0 s / 2π)^2 = k / 1.0 kg

Simplifying:

(9.0 s^2 / 4π^2) = k / 1.0 kg

Multiplying both sides by 1.0 kg:

k = (9.0 s^2 / 4π^2) kg

Therefore, the calculated spring constant is approximately (9.0 s^2 / 4π^2) kg.

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The relationship between molar mass and delta t (Δt) is derived from the colligative properties of solutions. Colligative properties are those properties that depend on the number of solute particles in a given volume of solution, regardless of the type of solute particles.

One of the colligative properties is the freezing point depression, which is the difference between the freezing point of a pure solvent and the freezing point of a solution containing a solute. The freezing point depression is directly proportional to the molality (moles of solute per kilogram of solvent) of the solution, and inversely proportional to the molar mass of the solute. This can be mathematically expressed as Δt = Kf * m * (1/M), where Δt is the freezing point depression, Kf is the freezing point depression constant, m is the molality of the solution, and M is the molar mass of the solute. Therefore, as the molar mass of the solute increases, the freezing point depression decreases, and vice versa. This relationship can be useful in determining the molar mass of an unknown solute in a solution.

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The ball will have a constant velocity of 11 m/s.

Since there is no gravity in space, the ball is not subject to the effects of gravity.

Thus, there is no acceleration acting on the ball in space. So, there is no change in velocity with time.

Therefore, the ball will move with a constant velocity of 11 m/s in space even after travelling 7 meters.

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Answer:

S=29.298m/s

Explanation:

Use S=d/t

So, S=120m/4.1s= 29.298m/s

Answer:

B) The ionic charge of the elements changes from positive to negative

Explanation:

In the case when there is a moving towards downward direction from fluorine to chlorine on the periodic table so this represent that there are an ionic elements charge varies i.e. from positive to negative

Therefore as per the given situation the option b is correct

And, the rest of the options are wrong

Answer:

b

Explanation:

i took the test

The velocity of ship A observed from ship B is approximately -0.958c, and the velocity of ship B observed from ship A is  0.958c.

To calculate the relative velocities of ship A and ship B, we can use the relativistic velocity addition formula:

v_rel = (v1 + v2) / (1 + (v1 * v2) / c²)

For ship A observed from ship B, let v1 = 0.687c and v2 = -0.863c (negative because they're moving in opposite directions):

v_A_from_B = (0.687c - 0.863c) / (1 + (0.687c * -0.863c) / c²)
v_A_from_B ≈ -0.958c

For ship B observed from ship A, let v1 = -0.687c and v2 = 0.863c:

v_B_from_A = (-0.687c + 0.863c) / (1 + (-0.687c * 0.863c) / c^²)
v_B_from_A ≈ 0.958c

So, the velocity of ship A observed from ship B is approximately -0.958c, and the velocity of ship B observed from ship A is approximately 0.958c.

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Answer:That only applies to highly polished surfaces, eg mirrors.

If you take a high quality laser (ie with low divergence) and aim it at a wall, you can see the spot where the laser beam reaches the wall from anywhere with a direct line-of-sight to the spot where the laser beam reaches the wall. This due to micro imperfections on the surface of the wall. At a microscopic level, the wall surface is very rough and pointing in all directions.

As to why, a beam of light bounces of a highly polished surface, I can only surmise that it is essentially due to kinematics, ie the only force opposing the light beam is normal to the surface, hence there no forces along the reflective surface. Since there are no forces along the reflective surface, the speed component of light along the reflective surface remains unchanged. However, on the plane perpendicular to the reflective surface the, the light photons bounce off at the same speed at which the hit the reflective surface because the mass of the reflective surface is much much much larger than the mass of the photons, which means that the reflective surface won’t move at all. Since conservation of momentum requires that momentum after the collision be the same as the momentum before the collision then the only way for that to happen is if the velocity of the photon perpendicular to the reflective surface is of exactly the same magnitude but in the opposite direction. Vector resolution of the speed component of the reflected beam means that the angle of reflection must be the same as the angle of incidence.

Explanation:

The minimum value of the coefficient of static friction is 0.87.

The minimum value of the coefficient of static friction is calculated by applying the formula for Newton's second law of motion as shown below.

Mathematically, the formula for Newton's second law of motion is given as;

F (net) = ma

Wsin (θ) - μW cos (θ) = ma

Where;

Wsin (θ) - μW cos (θ) = ma

mgsin (θ) - μmg cos (θ) = ma

gsin (θ) - μg cos (θ) = a

If the block is stationary, then acceleration of the block = 0

gsin (θ) - μg cos (θ) = 0

μgcos (θ) = gsin (θ)

μ =  gsin (θ) / gcos (θ)

μ =  sin (θ) / cos (θ)

μ =  tan (θ)

The minimum value of the coefficient of static friction is calculated as;

μ =  tan (41)

μ =  0.87

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Sound components are identified as coming from the same sound source. this means that the components are generated by the same physical object or process, and they tend to have similar characteristics such as frequency, timbre, and intensity.

 These components are usually perceived as being part of a single sound or voice, rather than being perceived as separate sounds.

For example, if you are listening to a person speaking, the different sound components that make up their voice, such as their pitch, vowel sounds, and consonant sounds, are all generated by the same source (the person's vocal cords and mouth).

In some cases, sound components can be isolated and analyzed individually. For example, in audio engineering or music production, in order to shape the overall sound of a recording or performance.

Additionally, sound components can be synthesized or manipulated using digital audio software, allowing for the creation of new sounds or the modification of existing ones.

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The angular displacement of the pulley between t = 4 s and t = 16 s is 12 radians.

Angular displacement refers to the change in the angle through which an object rotates or moves around a fixed axis. In this case, we are considering the angular displacement of the pulley over a specific time interval.

To determine the angular displacement, we need to know the angular velocity of the pulley. If the angular velocity remains constant, we can use the formula: angular displacement = angular velocity × time.

Since the problem does not provide information about the angular velocity, we assume it to be constant. Therefore, if the angular velocity is, for example, 1 rad/s, then the angular displacement over 12 seconds would be 1 rad/s × 12 s = 12 radians.

Thus, the angular displacement of the pulley between t = 4 s and t = 16 s is 12 radians, assuming a constant angular velocity.

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For a box with a total surface area of 1.2 m2,  the thermal conductivity of the insulating material is mathematically given as

k=5.29*19^{-6} kcal/(s oC m)

Generally, the equation for the   is mathematically given as

P=Ka dT/L

Therefore

k=10*4*10^{-2}/1.2*1.5

k=5.29*19^{-6} kcal/(s oC m)

In conclusion, the thermal conductivity

k=5.29*19^{-6} kcal/(s oC m)

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Answer:

the answer is A. 4 carbon atoms, 4 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms

The number of atoms of each molecule of the reactants is required.

The correct option is c. 1 carbon atom, 4 hydrogen atoms, and 4 oxygen atoms

The given reaction is

\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow CO_2+2H_2O\)

For carbon atoms

The only carbon atom is present in \(CH_4\)

So, 1 carbon atom

The hydrogen atoms are also present is \(CH_4\)

There are 4 hydrogen atoms.

The oxygen atoms present is \(2\times 2=4\)

So, the number of atoms present in the reactants are c. 1 carbon atom, 4 hydrogen atoms, and 4 oxygen atoms

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The magnitude of difference and angle is 86.48°.

To find the magnitude of the difference between two vectors, subtract the magnitude of the smaller vector from the magnitude of the larger vector. The magnitude of the larger vector is 10 cm and the magnitude of the smaller vector is 8 cm, so the magnitude of the difference is 10 - 8 = 2 cm.

To find the angle with respect to the larger vector, use the dot product. Let's denote the larger vector as A and the smaller vector as B. The dot product of A and B is given by: A•B = |A||B|cos(Θ)

Where Θ is the angle between the two vectors. From the problem, the angle between the two vectors is 60 degrees, so substitute that value into the equation:

A•B = 10 x 8 x cos(60)

A•B = 10 x 8 x 0.5

A•B = 40

Now, find the angle Θ between the difference vector (A - B) and the larger vector (A) by using the dot product formula:

(A - B)•A = |A - B||A|cos(Θ)

Simplify this expression by substituting the known values:

(A - B)•A = 2 x 10 x cos(Θ)

Divide both sides by 20 to isolate cos(Θ):

cos(Θ) = (A - B)•A / (2 x 10)

cos(Θ) = (A - B)•A / 20

cos(Θ) = (A•A - B•A) / 20

cos(Θ) = (A•A - (A•B / |A|)) / 20

cos(Θ) = (A•A - (40 / 10)) / 20

cos(Θ) = (A•A - 4) / 20

cos(Θ) = (100 - 4) / 20

cos(Θ) = 96 / 20

cos(Θ) = 4.8

Finally, we can use the inverse cosine function to find the angle Θ:

Θ = acos(cos(Θ))

Θ = acos(4.8)

The angle Θ is approximately 86.48°, which is with respect to the larger vector.

In summary, the magnitude of the difference between the two vectors is 2 cm and the angle with respect to the larger vector is approximately 86.48°.

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Explanation:

Hey there!!

Here,

Weighs = 65n

Gravity = 10n

We know that,

weighs = mass × gravity.

65 = m × 10

\(m = \frac{65}{10} \)

Therefore the mass is 6.5 kg.

Hope it helps...

Answer:

option a

Explanation:

The phase of matter

maybe this might help u

Option Z is correct. The stainless steel container was likely the hottest. Stainless steel is an excellent heat conductor because it quickly warms the substance.

Stainless steel is an excellent heat conductor because it quickly warms the substance or allows heat to travel through it. Stainless steel is also corrosion-resistant.

Foam, glass, and plastic, on the other hand, are all poor heat and electrical conductors. As a result, they do not allow heat to travel through.

As a result, we may deduce that, among the available possibilities, the stainless steel container was most likely the hottest.

Hence Option Z is correct. The stainless steel container was likely the hottest.

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Answer:

I’d say the air outside the hemisphere is more free than from the inside of the hemisphere.

Explanation:

hope this help!

Answer:c

Explanation:

Answer:

A. The velocity increases during the time periods labeled A and C.

Explanation:

The maximum value of the time interval required for the object to move from x = 0 to x = 8.00 cm is approximately 1.57 seconds.

The time interval required for the object to move from x = 0 to x = 8.00 cm can be calculated using the formula for simple harmonic motion:

\(T = 2π√(m/k)\)

Where T is the period of the motion, m is the mass of the object, and k is the force constant of the spring.

First, let's convert the amplitude from centimeters to meters:
Amplitude = 10.0 cm = 10.0 cm * (1 m / 100 cm) = 0.1 m

The force constant of the spring is given as 8.00 N/m, and the mass of the object is 0.500 kg. Substituting these values into the formula, we get:

\(T = 2π√(0.500 kg / 8.00 N/m)\)

Simplifying the expression, we find:

T = \(2π√(0.0625 kg*m/N)\)

T = \(2π * 0.25 s\)

\(T ≈ 1.57 s\)

The maximum value of the time interval required for the object to move from x = 0 to x = 8.00 cm is approximately 1.57 seconds.

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Answer:

Solar nebula.

Explanation:

A planet can be defined as a large celestial body having sufficient mass to allow for self-gravity and make it assume a nearly circular shape (hydrostatic equilibrium), revolves in an orbit around the Sun in the solar system and has a cleared neighborhood.

Basically, the planets are divided into two (2) main categories and these includes;

1. Outer planets: these planets are beyond the asteroid belt and comprises of jupiter, saturn, uranus and neptune, from left to right of the solar system.

2. Inner planets: these planets are the closest to the sun and comprises of mercury, venus, earth and mars.

These outer planets are made mostly of gases (hydrogen and helium) causing them to be less dense than the solid inner planets. These gases are generally known to be less dense in terms of physical properties.

Some examples of the planet found in the solar system are Mars, Venus, Earth, Mercury, Neptune, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Pluto, etc.

Scientists have been able to understand and discover that, gravity pulled materials (low-density cloud of interstellar gas and dust known as a nebula) together forming the planetary bodies in our solar system.

A dark nebula can be defined as an interstellar cloud that is so dense as a result of high concentration of gas and dust and as such it obscures the visible wavelengths of light from stars behind it, thus appearing completely opaque (dark patch) in front of a bright emission nebula or in regions having plenty stars.

The characteristics of a nebulae are;

I. It contain hydrogen.

II. Clouds of gas and dust

III. It is needed to create a star.

The fur of a sea otter is the densest of any animal, having the most hairs per square inch of any other species. Even while floating in the water, their thick fur keeps the animal warm and dry.

Sea otters decrease heat loss when the water is too cold by floating on their backs with their feet out of the water. To increase their surface area when trying to dissipate heat, sea otters spread their feet out underwater. Sea otters typically spread out or tuck their feet up to maintain body heat. The amount of food available to sea otters would decrease if prey species in their environment declined as a result of changing temperatures.

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The gas substance which is closest to the calculated molar mass is N₂, which has a molar mass of 28.02g/mol.

The root mean square velocity is the square root of the mean square of the velocity of an individual particle or the substance with a square root mean square velocity of about 412 m/s at 191 K.

Use the root mean square velocity equation with the given speed, the ideal gas constant (8.314 J/mol-K), and the temperature. Remember that Joules (J) is kg-m's².

μ = \(\sqrt{(3RT)/M\\}\)

412 m = \(\sqrt{(8.314J/mol.K)(191K)/ M}\)

M = 0.0281 kg/ mol

M = 28.1 g mol

Therefore, the gas substance which is closest to the calculated molar mass is N₂, which has a molar mass of 28.02g/mol.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The resistance of a material is expressed as R = ρL/A

Volume of the original material V = Area * Length = A*L

ρ is the resistivity of the material

R is the resistance

A is the cross sectional area

L is the length of the wire.

If the wire is stretched o twice its original length then new length of the wire L₂ = 2L. Note that an increase in the length of wire will affect its area but its volume and density will not change.

This means V = V₂

A*L = = A₂*L₂

A*L = A₂*(2 L)

A = 2 A₂

A₂ = A/2

The new resistance of the material Rf = ρL₂/A₂

R₂ = ρ(2 L)/(A/2)

Rf =  2ρL * 2/A

Rf = 4(ρL/A)

Since R = ρL/A

R₂ = 4R

Hence, the resistance of the stretched wire will be four times that of the original wire.

If the wire is stretched to twice its original length, the new resistance would be quadrupled.

The resistance (R) of a wire is given by:

\(R=\rho\frac{L}{A} \\\\where\ L\ is\ length\ of\ wire, A\ is\ the\ cross\ sectional\ area\ and\ \rho\ \\is\ the\ resistivity\)

Since the wire is stretched, the new length (L₁) is twice its original length, hence:

L₁ = 2L

An increase in length affects the area, the new area (A₁) is:

initial volume = volume after stretch

AL = A₁L₁

AL = A₁(2L)

A₁ = A/2

The resistance of the stretched wire (R₁) is:

\(R_1=\rho\frac{L_1}{A_1} \\\\R_1=\rho\frac{2L}{A/2} \\\\R_1=4\rho\frac{L}{A}=4R\)

Therefore if the wire is stretched to twice its original length, the new resistance would be quadrupled.

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The spring stiffness, or spring constant, of the given perfect spring is approximately 137.9623 N/m. This means that for every meter of extension, the spring will exert a force of 137.9623 N.

This value was obtained by applying Hooke's Law and calculating the ratio of the change in force to the change in extension using two data points from the table.

To determine the spring stiffness, we need to calculate the spring constant (k) using Hooke's Law, which states that the force applied on a spring is directly proportional to the extension it undergoes.

Hooke's Law can be represented as F = kx, where F is the applied force and x is the extension of the spring.

In the given table, we have the applied forces (F) and corresponding extensions (x). We can use any two data points from the table to find the spring constant.

Let's choose the first and last data points from the table:

(x1, F1) = (0.43 m, 59.34 N) and (x2, F2) = (0.96 m, 132.48 N).

Using Hooke's Law, we can calculate the spring constant (k) as follows:

k = (F2 - F1) / (x2 - x1)
  = (132.48 N - 59.34 N) / (0.96 m - 0.43 m)
  = 73.14 N / 0.53 m
  ≈ 137.9623 N/m (rounded to 4 decimal places)

Therefore, the spring stiffness, or spring constant, is approximately 137.9623 N/m.

Hooke's Law is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the relationship between the force applied on a spring and the resulting extension it undergoes.

The formula F = kx represents this relationship, where F is the applied force, k is the spring constant, and x is the extension of the spring.

By using two data points from the table, we can calculate the spring constant by finding the ratio of the change in force to the change in extension.

This calculation allows us to quantify the stiffness of the spring.
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If the force which act on object increased to triple it's value and the area decreased nine times the the pressure will..?

The pressure will decrease 3 times.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Given that the child is in the train, and that the train is moving at a speed of 10m/s, and also the child is standing on the flatbed, hence the child is not moving, therefore the velocity of the child is 10m/s relative to the observer

Also, when the child throws the ball horizontally relative to the observer the horizontal speed is also 10m/s.

therefore the speed of the ball is also 10m/s to the observer