Answer:
completely withdraw
Explanation:
A person who was the initial aggressor can gain a lawful right to self-defense if they completely withdraw.
Option (4) is Correct. If the individual who started the situation entirely withdraws from it, they may legally acquire the right to self-defense.
In general, a defendant cannot assert self-defense if they attack another person first (State v. Williams, 2010). There are 2 exceptions to this rule. If the attacked person replies with excessive force for the circumstances or if the defendant withdraws from the attack and the attacked person persists, the defendant, who was the initial aggressor, may nonetheless assert a self-defense claim.
Exception for Excessive Force: In certain jurisdictions, a person cannot use excessive force in response to the defendant's assault (State v. Belgard, 2010). For instance, when the defendant starts an attack with nondeadly force, no one may use lethal force. The defendant may use reasonable force in self-defense if the other party uses lethal force in response to a nonlethal force attack. Patty can use lethal force to defend herself and may not be liable for criminal homicide in these circumstances because Paige used disproportionate force in her response to Patty's slap.
Learn more about self-defense Visit: brainly.com/question/26470189
#SPJ4
Correct Question:
A person who was the initial aggressor can gain a lawful right to self-defense if they do which of the following from the incident they started?
1. tangentially abstain
2. irrevocably abbreviate themselves
3. renounce themselves
4. completely withdraw
list the steps in maintaining chain of custody for digital evidence.
Maintaining the chain of custody for digital evidence involves several steps to ensure its integrity and admissibility in legal proceedings:
Identification: The evidence should be clearly identified, including details such as its source, description, and location.Collection: The evidence should be collected using proper techniques and tools to prevent tampering or alteration. It may involve creating a forensic copy or image of the original data.Documentation: Detailed documentation should be maintained throughout the process, including the date, time, location, individuals involved, and any relevant observations or actions taken.Sealing and Packaging: The evidence should be securely sealed and packaged to protect it from physical damage or contamination. Tamper-evident seals may be used to ensure its integrity.Transportation: During transportation, appropriate safeguards should be implemented to prevent unauthorized access or tampering. Chain of custody documentation should accompany the evidence.Storage: The evidence should be stored in a secure environment, such as a locked facility with controlled access, to maintain its integrity and prevent unauthorized handling.Access and Handling: Only authorized individuals should have access to the evidence, and any handling or examination should be documented to track the chain of custody.Monitoring: Regular monitoring and supervision should be conducted to ensure compliance with procedures and prevent unauthorized access or tampering.Learn more about the Chain of custody at ; brainly.com/question/13827226
#SPJ11
State laws that preempt HIPAA privacy provisions usually cover the following types of information, except for
State laws that preempt HIPAA privacy provisions usually cover the following types of information, except for cardiac.
When new federal laws were approved in 1996, there were no clear HIPAA exceptions for emergency cases. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Office for Civil Rights (OCR) issued a bulletin in 2014 to make clear how protected health information (PHI) might be utilized in emergency scenarios without breaking the law in response to public health emergencies across the world. Except for therapeutic reasons, the amount of information disclosed must always be "minimum required," and all reasonable steps must be taken to prevent unauthorised use of the patient's information.
Hospitals are exempt from the sanctions and fines usually associated with HIPAA violations, such as using PHI to speak with a patient's family member without authorization, provide a patient with a copy of the entity's privacy notice, or safeguard the patient's complete privacy or confidentiality, for a brief but defined period in the event of a declared public health emergency.
To learn more about HIPAA here,
https://brainly.com/question/11277705
#SPJ1
Write a two- to three-paragraph essay in which you compare and contrast the structure and function of the national government with the structure and function of New Hampshire's/States government. Use what you’ve learned about the national government and do research to find out more about your state government. Include the following in your essay:
The structure of national and state government
The functions of national and state government
The distribution of power between national and state government, including the purpose of Article IV, Section 4 of the US Constitution
Current state leaders and the roles and functions they perform within state government
National and state governments have similar structures and functions,with power distribution defined by the U.S. Constitution.
The Essay
The national government and New Hampshire's state government share a three-branch structure,with executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
They have distinct functions,such as law enforcement, lawmaking, and law interpretation. Power distribution is defined by the U.S. Constitution, including Article IV, Section 4,which guarantees a republican form of government in each state.
New Hampshire's current state leaders, including the Governor,perform crucial roles in executing state laws and managing government affairs.
Learn more about structure of government at:
https://brainly.com/question/22236084
#SPJ1
Make up a dispute situation (you may be as creative and entertaining as you wish) that IS within the jurisdiction of the federal courts. Make up another dispute situation that is NOT within the jurisdiction of the federal courts. Explain why each of your scenarios is and is not within federal court jurisdiction. For the dispute that is not within federal jurisdiction, where might the parties file their case?
Answer:
this is not a problem people online can help you with, individual questions may be answered but projects can not be done
Explanation:
A state law that violates the U.S. Constitution:
O Can be enforced by that state's government only.
O Can be enforced by the United States Supreme Court only.
o Can be enforced by the federal gchernment only.
Cannot be enforced.
Answer:
Not sure, but this helps! :)
Explanation:
The law that applies to situations where state and federal laws disagree is called the supremacy clause, which is part of article VI of the Constitution [source: FindLaw]. Basically, if a federal and state law contradicts, then when you're in the state you can follow the state law, but the fed can decide to stop you.
Describe what an officer must demonstrate to justify an emergency search.
Answer:
Few provisions of the Bill of Rights grew so directly out of the experience of the colonials as the Fourth Amendment, embodying as it did the protection against the use of the “writs of assistance.” But though the insistence on freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures as a fundamental right gained expression in the colonies late and as a result of experience,1 there was also a rich English experience to draw on. “Every man’s house is his castle” was a maxim much celebrated in England, as Saman’s Case demonstrated in 1603.2 A civil case of execution of process, Saman’s Case nonetheless recognized the right of the homeowner to defend his house against unlawful entry even by the King’s agents, but at the same time recognized the authority of the appropriate officers to break and enter upon notice in order to arrest or to execute the King’s process. Most famous of the English cases was Entick v. Carrington,3 one of a series of civil actions against state officers who, pursuant to general warrants, had raided many homes and other places in search of materials connected with John Wilkes’ polemical pamphlets attacking not only governmental policies but the King himself
Explanation:
Si tuvieras la oportunidad de crear una ley en contra del Racismo (sentimiento de superioridad de un grupo étnico que conlleva a discriminar a grupos distintos colocándolos en el nivel de inferiores). ¿Qué ley propondrías y cuáles serán sus principales características? (5 puntos)
Answer:
Si tuviese la oportunidad de crear una ley en contra del Racismo, propondría crear una normativa que sancione con penas graduales a quienes incurran en conductas discriminatorias. Así, crearía un registro público de delitos racistas, donde se registrarían los delitos cometidos por cada persona, la cual tendría cada vez mayores penas según vaya reincidiendo en sus conductas: pasando desde los trabajos comunitarios hasta las multas, las inhabilitaciones para determinadas actividades o incluso la prisión en ciertos casos de gravedad.
1. Investigators acting as police witnesses in a case should be prepared to encounter a certain amount of theatrics during the trial. They should cultivate a O courtroom drama, courtroom demeanor. courtroom practice. courtroom credibility.
Answer:
Investigators acting as police witnesses in a case should be prepared to encounter a certain amount of theatrics during the trial. They should cultivate a courtroom demeanor.
Explanation:
Courtroom demeanor refers to one's professionalism within a court of law. Your courtroom demeanor is an extremely crucial factor to how exactly your witness testimony is perceived by the jury or bench.
Assume a loan balance of 174000 a monthly payment of 1395
Answer:
What do you want me to do?
what is the function of courts in American society? Needs to be 5 sentences
Answer:
Courts decide what really happened and what should be done about it. They decide whether a person committed a crime and what the punishment should be. They also provide a peaceful way to decide private disputes that people can't resolve themselves.As the final arbiter of the law, the Court is charged with ensuring the American people the promise of equal justice under law and, thereby, also functions as guardian and interpreter of the Constitution.Within the federal system, there are three primary types of federal courts: 94 District Courts (trial courts), 13 Courts of Appeals (intermediate appellate courts), and the United States Supreme Court (the court of final review).Which of the following is the most common result of criminal cases
According to the question, the most common result of criminal cases is a guilty verdict.
What is criminal cases?Criminal cases involve legal proceedings in which an individual or a business is accused of a criminal offense. A criminal case is started by a government body, such as the police or a district attorney, when they believe a person has committed a crime. The accused person is then charged with a crime and must appear in court to answer the charges against them. The prosecution presents evidence to prove the accused person is guilty of the crime and the defense presents evidence to prove the accused person is not guilty. If the jury or judge finds the accused person guilty, they are convicted and may be required to pay a fine, serve jail time, or both.
To learn more about criminal cases
https://brainly.com/question/30665538
#SPJ1
Complete Question
Which of the following is the most common result of criminal cases?
Why is constitution fundamental law of the land
Explanation:
The law is important for a society for it serves as a norm of conduct for citizens. It was also made to provide for proper guidelines and order upon the behaviour for all citizens and to sustain the equity on the three branches of the government. It keeps the society running. Without law there would be chaos and it would be survival of the fittest and everyman for himself. Not an ideal lifestyle for most part.
The law is important because it acts as a guideline as to what is accepted in society. Without it there would be conflicts between social groups and communities. It is pivotal that we follow them. The law allows for easy adoption to changes that occur in the society.
Answer:
One of the major innovations that the American Founders brought to constitutional thought was their conception of a constitution as a written, fundamental law the supreme “law of the land” that defines the organization of government and serves as the ruling principle for the proper exercise of power by legislators
Explanation:
Why is the job of a computer forensic investigator becoming increasingly important?
The job of a computer forensic investigator is becoming increasing important because of increase in digitization. Investigator gets the information from the computer storage and other electronic devices.
Who is computer forensic investigator?Computer forensic investigators help retrieve information from computers and other digital storage devices. The retrieved data can then be used in criminal investigations or as evidence in cases for cyber crimes.
The forensics investigator is in charge of reviewing the "caught" evidence from the scene of the incident or event at first.
Learn more about Forensics investigator here
https://brainly.com/question/13073221
#SPJ2
traditional roles of police
Answer:
Police typically are responsible for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activities. These functions are known as policing.
If you are a military personnel and you knowingly leaked classified information to an unauthorized.
A military personnel who leaked classified information to unauthorized person may be purnished with jail term up to ten years.
Classified InformationClassified Information are information owned by either the goverment or an organisation whos content are not supposed to be given out to parties outside that organisation.
At the Bottom of a typical Classified documented it is usually stated "RESTRICTED"
Learn more about Classified Information here:
https://brainly.com/question/25775920
1. You are a member of the legislature of a large Midwestern state. Your state is running short of money to carry out some much needed programs. As a possible solution you suggest that the state government issue its own currency to people who work for it. The currency can be exchanged for dollar bills at a rate that is to be fixed by the state the first of every month. Is your idea constitutional?
2. Later in the legislative session mentioned in exercise 8, you become disenchanted with your fellow citizens when you learn that only 28 percent of those eligible to vote actually did so in the last election. Consequently, you pass a law requiring that everyone vote in every election. What arguments can you make in support of such a measure? Against?
Answer:
Explanation:
As a member of the legislature of a large Midwestern state, suggesting the issuance of a state currency as a solution to the financial challenges and funding for necessary programs raises constitutional considerations. The U.S. Constitution grants the federal government the power to coin money and regulate its value. Therefore, the idea of a state issuing its own currency might be in conflict with the Constitution.
Article I, Section 10 of the U.S. Constitution explicitly prohibits states from coining money, emitting bills of credit, or making anything other than gold and silver coin legal tender for payment of debts. The purpose of this provision is to ensure a unified national currency and prevent individual states from creating their own currencies, which could lead to economic instability and confusion in interstate commerce.
While states have the authority to regulate various aspects of their economies, the exclusive power to issue currency lies with the federal government. Therefore, issuing a state currency that can be exchanged for dollar bills may raise concerns about encroaching on the federal government's constitutional authority.
However, it's worth noting that states can adopt alternative measures to address their financial challenges, such as implementing state bonds or seeking federal assistance, within the boundaries of the Constitution.
In response to the disappointment over low voter turnout in the previous election, passing a law that mandates compulsory voting raises important considerations regarding individual rights and freedoms.
Arguments in support of compulsory voting may include:
1) Civic Duty: Mandatory voting can be seen as a civic duty and a way to foster a more engaged and participatory society. It encourages citizens to actively participate in the democratic process and make their voices heard.
2) Representation: A higher voter turnout can lead to more representative and legitimate elected officials. It ensures that the views and interests of a broader segment of the population are reflected in the decision-making process.
3) Accountability: Compulsory voting can enhance the accountability of elected officials to the electorate. With a larger and more diverse pool of voters, politicians may be compelled to address a broader range of issues and be responsive to the concerns of the electorate as a whole.
On the other hand, arguments against compulsory voting include:
1) Freedom of Choice: Forcing individuals to vote can be seen as a violation of their freedom of choice and freedom of expression. Some people may choose not to vote as a form of political protest or because they feel uninformed or disenchanted with the available candidates or political system.
2) Informed Voting: Mandatory voting may lead to a higher number of uninformed or disinterested voters. Some argue that it is better to have a smaller, but more informed, electorate making thoughtful decisions rather than compelling everyone to vote regardless of their level of knowledge or interest.
3) Practical Challenges: Implementing and enforcing compulsory voting can present logistical challenges, such as ensuring that everyone is registered, tracking compliance, and administering penalties for non-compliance. These challenges can strain resources and potentially lead to unintended consequences.
What best summarizes the point of view the excerpt expresses?
Answer:
Answer Expert Verified The statement that best summarizes the point of view the excerpt expresses is “Under one unified government, people will be robbed of their freedoms.”
What best summarizes the point of view the excerpt expresses? They would agree and be confident that the Constitution meets those goals. ... He was an Anti-Federalist and opposed the Constitution. Read the excerpt from The Federal Farmer.
WAS THIS ANSWER HELPFUL?
MARK ME AS A BRAINLIEST
They would agree and be confident that the Constitution meets those goals. He was an Anti-Federalist and opposed the Constitution. Read the excerpt from The Federal Farmer.
What is the meaning of the Constitution?A constitution is a collection of guiding ideas or accepted precedents that serve as the foundation for a polity, organization, or another sort of body's legal system and frequently specify how that institution is to be governed.
A state's constitution serves as its rulebook. It lays out the guiding ideals that the state is governed by. It provides an overview of the state's primary institutions and outlines their interrelationships (for example, between the executive, legislature, and judiciary).
The members of the provincial assemblies chosen by the Indian populace formed the Constituent Assembly of India, which drafted the Constitution. The first president of the Constituent Assembly was Dr. Sachidanand Sinha. Eventually, it elected Dr. Rajendra Prasad as president.
Learn more about the Constitution here:
https://brainly.com/question/29799909
#SPJ2
a well-known scientist testifies that she believes a piece of evidence is accepted by science. the judge rules that the evidence is not, in his opinion, admissible. which case applies to the decision?
The court determines that the evidence is not, in his opinion, acceptable notwithstanding a well-known scientist's testimony that she thinks it is accepted by science.
What court case is described as being the general acceptance rule for the admission of scientific evidence? United States v. Frye According to Frye, in order for scientific evidence to be admitted into court as evidence, it must be commonly acknowledged by other scientists working in the same field or profession.A witness may give testimony in the form of an opinion if they are qualified as experts by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education.The law mandates the disclosure of both mitigating and exculpatory evidence. Evidence that would not normally be admitted at trial need not be.Although scientists frequently utilize evidence in other ways, such as when applying ideas to real-world issues, scientific evidence is evidence that helps to either support or refute a scientific theory or hypothesis.To learn more about scientific evidence refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/507522
#SPJ4
Some police terminology has become part of mainstream slang. True or False?
Answer:
true beacuse there always part of the mainstream
What was the issue in the Garratt v. Dailey case?
Answer:
The Garratt v. Dailey case involved the issue of intentional tort, specifically the tort of battery. In this case, the plaintiff, Brian Garratt, alleged that the defendant, Denny Dailey, intentionally and unlawfully pulled a chair from beneath him as he was attempting to sit down, causing him to fall and sustain injuries. The main question in the case was whether the defendant's actions constituted intentional battery, even though he claimed it was an accident. The court ultimately ruled in favor of the plaintiff, holding that the defendant's actions were indeed intentional and constituted battery, regardless of his intent to harm.
I believe this is your answer, I hope this helps!
when we don't understand each other's language, language identity, and culture we view each other differently ?
Answer:
no
Explanation:
just because we have language barrier doesn't mean we have view someone differently
When we speak a different language or have a different culture, we seem 'alien' or foreign to those who do not follow the same as us. This makes us view each other differently as we do not have the knowledge to understand what the other person is doing, saying, or even implying.
It is true that language is an important factor in one's identity and belonging. It also determines who we are as a person, and reveals or is indicative of our origin.
Individuals are different, we all have our perspectives and priorities, and ideals. One's identity may be our language, our culture, the customs, what we eat or like. That does not mean that a person with a different language or culture or language identity is different and must be viewed differently. But most often than not, we tend to identify a person who speaks a different language or has a different culture as us as different. This is because it is human nature to associate and feel 'related' to those who speak the same language as ours. Having a point of similarity makes us comfortable, as everything can be understood by the other. So, when a person with a different language is present or has a different language identity and culture, we view them differently. Their language or culture, which is not similar to ours, makes them foreign, a new or another type.Language makes us feel a sense of connection, relatedness, etc.When we don't understand a person with a different language, or culture, or language identity, we tend to view them differently because of the feeling of being different, strange in some sort, or even completely unique to us. This 'difference' makes them as 'the other', another type, and being seen as separate or unrelated.
Learn more about language here:
brainly.com/question/19898392
unlike in many other democracies, elections in the united states are traditionally held on
Unlike in many other democracies, elections in the United States are traditionally held on the first Tuesday in November.
This date was selected because it was convenient for farmers who needed to travel to their county seat to vote. November was also chosen because it was after the fall harvest and before the harsh winter weather set in. Additionally, holding the election on a Tuesday allowed for voters to travel to their polling place on Monday without interfering with the Sabbath, which was observed on Sunday. This tradition of holding elections on the first Tuesday in November has been in place since 1845 and has become a hallmark of American democracy. However, in recent years, there has been debate over whether this tradition should be changed to make voting more accessible and increase voter turnout. Some argue that holding elections on a weekend or making Election Day a national holiday would allow more people to vote. Others suggest early voting or mail-in ballots as alternatives to in-person voting. Despite these debates, the tradition of holding elections on the first Tuesday in November continues, with millions of Americans turning out to cast their votes in presidential, congressional, and state elections every four years.
Learn more about United States here
https://brainly.com/question/25899399
#SPJ11
Which is the committee formed by the US Attorney General in 1981
The US Attorney General formed the ___________________ coordinating committee (LECC) in 1981 to faculae cooperation and coordination across law-enforcement agencies at all levels
Explanation:
The law enforcement coordinating committee
hope it helps please mark as brainliest
Which of the following is an example of domestic policy?
OA
A peace treaty is signed with another country.
OB.
A local government issues new parking regulations.
O c.
The government increases federal aid for school districts.
D.
A state repaves its major roads and highways.
Answer:
The government increases federal aid for school districts.
Explanation:
The government increasing federal aid for school districts is an example of domestic policy. Hence, option C. is correct.
Domestic policy is a body of laws, rules, and initiatives intended to influence the lives of a nation's citizens. It comprises regulations for the environment, welfare, healthcare, and education.
The correct option is C."The government increases federal aid for school districts" while the alternative options are not examples of domestic policy. Peace compacts, which are agreements between two nations to stop a war, are Option A. New parking rules are provided by the local authority as Option B. Repaving important roads and highways is Option D, a task carried out by a state government.
The purpose of domestic policy is to minimize unrest and dissatisfaction among the country's citizens. Therefore, the correct option is C.
Learn more about domestic policy, here:
https://brainly.com/question/32041681
#SPJ5
Which act requires financial institutions to explain To customers how they gather information with whom they share it and what measures they take to safeguard it
Answer:
Financial literacy as essential equipment to secure hacking and theft practices
Explanation:
Some of the measures to be taken are there should be the introduction of the use of ATM cards and allied stuffs in connection to financial matters for every individual
Which is the better theory of adjudication: Law as Integrity or
Legal Realism? According to Dworkin & Leiter
The debate between Law as Integrity (LAI) and Legal Realism (LR) centers on the extent to which courts should use their own interpretation of existing law to resolve legal disputes.
Dworkin and Leiter’s analysis leans towards LAI, stating that a method of adjudication based more on legal precedent than for judges to exercise their own personal discretion should be the norm. They urge judges to strive towards interpretive coherence and emphasize integrity, which allows judges to work with the available evidence as an interconnected web. This in turn makes it easier for future judges to use precedent as a basis for their legal opinions and reduces the chances of contradiction or inconsistency.
On the other hand, LR encourages judges to go beyond the facts and consider the social and political context of the case at hand, allowing them to make decisions based on their own personal values and experience. In conclusion, Dworkin and Leiter opt for LAI in adjudication since this form of reasoning is bound by more solid principles and can maintain consistency and coherency in judicial decision-making.
To know more about Legal Realism , click here:
https://brainly.com/question/33116384
#SPJ4
give your own position on this specific problem in our country
Answer:
Corruption
Explanation:
Corruption is one of the problem of our country Nigeria because if the embezzlement of public funds by our government
patty principal fired al agent because al had been careless in his record keeping and had comingled personal and business funds. unless patty notifies the third parties who dealt with al that he is no longer her agent, al will continue to have authority and patty will be bound by his actions.
Patty Principal fired Al Agent because Al had been careless in his record keeping and had comingled personal and business funds. Unless Patty notifies the third parties who dealt with Al that he is no longer her agent, Al will continue to have apparent authority and Patty will be bound by his actions.
The type of authority that Al will continue to have depends on the circumstances of his relationship with Patty and the way he presented himself to third parties.
First, it's important to understand that there are four types of authority in agency law: actual authority, apparent authority, implied authority, and incidental authority.
Actual authority refers to the express or implied powers that the principal grants to the agent. Apparent authority arises when the principal creates the appearance of authority in the agent's actions, even if the principal did not actually grant that authority.
Implied authority refers to the powers that are necessary or customary for the agent to carry out the principal's express or apparent instructions. Incidental authority refers to the powers that are incidental to the agent's express or implied authority.
In this case, Patty would be bound by Al's actions if he continues to act as her agent, even though she fired him. In summary, if Patty does not notify third parties that Al is no longer her agent, then Al may continue to have apparent authority and Patty will be bound by his actions.
However, if Patty properly terminates Al's actual and apparent authority, then Al will no longer be able to act on her behalf, regardless of any remaining implied or incidental authority.
For more question on "Apparent Authority" :
https://brainly.com/question/29893631
#SPJ11
Complete Question
Patty Principal fired Al Agent because Al had been careless in his record keeping and had comingled personal and business funds. Unless Patty notifies the third parties who dealt with Al that he is no longer her agent, Al will continue to have __________authority and Patty will be bound by his actions.
implied
incidental
actual
apparent
What are some reasons management opposes unionization?
Answer:
Explanation:
1. Cost of Administration: Management may oppose unionization because they believe it could lead to higher administrative costs. This could be due to increased paperwork and legal costs associated with labor negotiations, union grievances, and other labor-related matters.
2. Loss of Control: Management may also oppose unionization because they feel it will lead to a loss of control over their employees. Unions may be able to negotiate better wages and benefits for their members, which could lead to decreased profits for the company.
3. Uncertainty and Instability: Management may also oppose unionization because it could lead to increased uncertainty and instability in the workplace. Unions may push for changes that could disrupt operations and cause conflict with current management practices.
4. Conflict and Inefficiency: Management may also oppose unionization because it could lead to conflict between unions and management, which could cause inefficiency in the workplace. Unions may push for changes that could result in slower work processes, resulting in decreased productivity.
5. Restrictive Workplace Rules: Management may also oppose unionization because it could lead to overly restrictive workplace rules. Unions may push for rules that could limit the freedom of the employer to manage their employees, resulting in decreased efficiency.
In the U.S. over 2 million people are injurand around 33,000 people are killed in traffic collisions ________.
1) everyday
2) each year
3) by not wearing seat belts
4) involving alcohol
Answer:
each year
Explanation:
please mark me as brainliest
Answer:
Each year.
Explanation: