a 2.50-mole quantity of nocl was initially in a 1.50-l reaction chamber at 400°c. after equilibrium was established, it was found that 28.0 percent of the nocl had dissociated: 2nocl(g) δ 2no(g) 1 cl2(g)

Answers

Answer 1

0.0351mol/L is the equilibrium constant, Kc of the given chemical reaction.

The value of a chemical reaction's reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a condition that a dynamic chemical system approaches when enough time has passed and at which its composition has no discernible tendency to change further, is the equilibrium constant for that reaction.

Given:

Initial no. of moles of NOCl = 2.5 moles

NOCl dissociated = 28%

total volume = 1.5 L

To find:

Equilibrium constant, Kc = ?

Formula:

Kc = [products] / [reactants]

Calculations:

(28/100) x 2.5 = 0.7 moles

\(2NOCl (g) \leftrightarrow 2NO (g) + Cl_2 (g)\)

According to the above equation,

2 moles of NOCl will give 1 mole of \(Cl_2\) and 2 moles of NO

Therefore, no. of moles of NO = 0.7 mol

No. of moles of \(Cl_2\) = 0.35 mol

No. of moles of NOCl remaining after dissociation = 2.5 - 0.7 =1.8 mol

Molarity = no. of moles / volume

Therefore, Molarity of NO = 0.7 / 1.5 = 0.466M

Molarity of \(Cl_2\) = 0.35 / 1.5 = 0.233M

Molarity of NOCl = 1.8 / 1.5 = 1.2M

Kc = \(([NO]^2 [Cl_2]) / [NOCL]^2\)

Kc = \([(0.466)^2 (0.233)] / (1.2)^2\)

Kc = 0.0351mol/L

Result:

The equilibrium constant, Kc of the given chemical reaction is found to be 0.0351mol/L.

The complete question is:

A 2.50 mol quantity of NOCl was initially in a 1.50L reaction chamber at 400℃. After equilibrium was established it was found that 28.0% of NOCl had dissociated.

\(2NOCl (g) \leftrightarrow 2NO (g) + Cl_2 (g)\)

Calculate equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction.

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Related Questions

Which of the following are common behaviors of scientists? a.doing background research b. testing ideas with experiments c. analyzing data from tests d. reporting results to others e. all of the above​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation: It is B. all above

What is the volume of 3.00 m sulfuric acid that contains 9.809 g of H2SO4 solute (98.09 g/mol)?

Answers

Volume = 33.3 mL=0.0333L ,of 3.00 m sulfuric acid that contains 9.809 g of H2SO4 solute (98.09 g/mol).

In this case, according to the given information,

it is necessary for us remember that the molarity is calculated by dividing the moles by the volume of the solution in litres so the volume is calculated by dividing moles by the given molarity.

However,

               we first need to calculate the mole given the mass and molar mass of the solute, H2SO4:

  n=9.809 g /98.09g/mol  = 0.1 mol

Thus the volume turns out :

V=0.1mol/3.00mol/L

V=0.0333L

V=33.3mL,

Volume = 33.3 mL=0.0333L ,of 3.00 m sulfuric acid that contains 9.809 g of H2SO4 solute (98.09 g/mol).

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Dr. lee asked you to write a blog post that describes and explains the solution you read about in "climate change solutions." when you write your explanation, remember that the general public is your audience. try to be as convincing as possible. carefully explain the solution, how it would affect climate change, and why it is needed.

word bank: absorb, atmosphere, carbon dioxide, energy, enter, exit, methane, redirect, surface

Answers

Reduce the burning of fossil fuels by using electrical vehicles and instruments is the only solution to stop climate change.

How climate change can be stopped?

Climate change is a process which occurs due to the release of greenhouse gases such as methane and carbondioxide gases. When fossil fuel is burn, it releases energy along with carbondioxide gas which blocks the escape of solar radiation.

This blockage leads to the warming of surface temperature. So if we switched to electrical vehicles instead of conventional vehicles, this climate change can be stopped.

So we can conclude that reduce the burning of fossil fuels by using electrical vehicles and instruments is the only solution to stop climate change.

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We can reduce the effects of global warming by reducing the release of greenhouse gases such as CO2

What is climate change?

The term climate change has to do with the gradual changes that occur in our atmosphere as a result of the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These greenhouses gases include; methane, CO2, water vapor and N2O.

These gases are able to redirect the infrared rays that ought to escape the atmosphere back to the earth surface thereby leading to a gradual rise in the temperature of the earth called global warming.

Global warming leads to certain effects such as flooding and the melting of the polar ice caps.

We can reduce the effects of global warming by reducing the release of greenhouse gases such as CO2 by eliminating the use of fossil fuels and producing electric vehicles.

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largest electronegativity element

Answers

Answer:

Fluorine (F)

Explanation:

As you move to the right across the periodic table, the electronegativity increases.  As you move up a group, the electronegativity increases.

This means that the most electronegative element is fluorine.

How dose the Temperature of a bouncy ball affect its bounce height?

Answers

Answer:

The colder the bouncy ball is the harder the rubber gets so it will contract ans make the bouncy ball heavier, the hotter the bouncy ball is the lighter it gets because the ball expands making the bouncy ball bigger

Explanation:

An 80 gram sample of a radioisotopes decayed to 40 grams in 3 days how many grams of the original sample would remain after 9 days

Answers

Answer: 10 grams

Explanation: Original sample is 80 gram and every three days half of its composition decays so 80 down to 40 in the first 3 days, 20 in the next three days, and  10 in the last three days

Which is not a property of metal * 1 point conductivity
Sonority
Brittleness
Lustre
Plz Answer It​

Answers

Answer:

Lustre is not a property of metal .

write formulas for the compounds formed from sr and each of the following polyatomic ions: clo4− , co32− , po43−

Answers

The formulas for the compounds formed from strontium and the polyatomic ions chlorate, carbonate, and phosphate are Sr(ClO₄)₂, SrCO₃, and Sr₃(PO₄)₂, respectively.

When forming compounds between strontium (Sr) and the polyatomic ions chlorate (ClO₄⁻), carbonate (CO₃²⁻ ), and phosphate ( PO₄³⁻), we need to balance the charges of the cation (Sr) and the anion (polyatomic ion).

1. Strontium chlorate (Sr(ClO₄)₂):
- The chlorate ion has a charge of -1, so we need two of them to balance the charge of the strontium cation (+2).
- The formula for chlorate ion is ClO₄⁻.
- Therefore, the formula for strontium chlorate is Sr(ClO₄)₂

2. Strontium carbonate (SrCO₃):
- The carbonate ion has a charge of -2, so we need one of them to balance the charge of the strontium cation (+2).
- The formula for carbonate ion is CO₃²⁻
- Therefore, the formula for strontium carbonate is SrCO₃.

3. Strontium phosphate (Sr₃(PO₄)₂):
- The phosphate ion has a charge of -3, so we need two of them to balance the charge of the strontium cation (+2).
- The formula for phosphate ion is PO₄³⁻.
- Therefore, the formula for strontium phosphate is Sr₃(PO₄)₂.

In summary, the formulas for the compounds formed from strontium and the polyatomic ions chlorate, carbonate, and phosphate are Sr(ClO₄)₂, SrCO₃, and Sr₃(PO₄)₂, respectively.

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A neutral atom has an atomic mass of 7 and atomic number of 3. Which of the following state is true? *

A.The atom has 3 protons, 3
electrons, and 4 neutrons
B.The atom has 7 protons, 3 electrons, and 3 neutrons
C.The atom has 4 protons, 4 electrons, and 3 neutrons
D.The atom and 3 protons, 4 electrons, and 7 neutrons

Answers

A. The atom has 3 protons, 3 electrons, and 4 neutrons.

(SCIENCE) I WILLL GIVE BRAINLEY MUST AWNSER ALL!!!
identify examples, benefits, and limitations of models used in science

state the law of conservation of energy and describe the various forms of energy

describe situations of energy transformations

diagram the path of energy transfer through biotic and abiotic systems

create a model demonstrating the transformation of energy from one form to another

(SCIENCE) I WILLL GIVE BRAINLEY MUST AWNSER ALL!!!identify examples, benefits, and limitations of models

Answers

Answer:

1: A skater would begin with energy when he hopped on his skateboard at a skate park. Nevertheless, when he walks, the power is turned into sound energy rather than annihilated.

2. A leaf converts radiant energy into sugars and carbohydrates through a process known as photosynthesis. This is an everyday example of energy transformation.

3. The type of energy we might consider brightness is radiant energy. The sun is a prime example of radiant energy.

4. Chemical energy is the type of energy that is naturally present in food and chemicals.

5. A leaf employs photosynthesis to convert radiant energy into sugars, which is one method in which radiant energy is converted into chemical energy.

6. The energy that propels motion is mechanical energy. It is the total of kinetic and potential energy. I think I relocated my dog, Holly, the last time I utilized mechanical energy.

7. The form of energy that humans can hear is sound energy. I can hit my foot as I type, listen to music or type.

8. The movement of charge is electrical energy. Thermal energy is represented by the rapid movement of atoms, whereas electrons flow. The atoms or electrons in a circuit accelerate really quickly. As a result, some electrical energy is converted into heat energy.

9. the conversion of mechanical energy to chemical

Scientific models are used to simplifies complicated concepts and problems and make it easy to interpret and understand. Complex natural phenomenon can be visualized using scientific models.

What are scientific models ?

Scientific models are used to visually represent or mathematically solve complex phenomenons and real world problems. There are different kinds of models such as mathematical models, still model, dynamic models etc.

These models are designed with well advanced planning and they might be difficult to reconstruct once damaged. Natural processes, organic systems, complex molecular structures etc. can be easily understood using models.

The law of conservation of energy states that, energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. Thus total energy is conserved. However, energy can be transformed from one form to the other.

For  instance, in light bulbs electrical energy is converted to light energy. Similarly in nuclear power plants , nuclear energy is converted to electrical energy.

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electrolysis
MgCL(dilute)+H2O=?

Answers

When MgCl2 (Magnesium chloride) dissolves in water gives a faintly acidic solution (pH = approximately 6).

This exercise uses the radioactive decay model.
The half-life of strontium-90 is 28 years. How long will it take a 70-mg sample to decay to a mass of 56 mg? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)
yr

Answers

It will take approximately 196 years for a 70-mg sample of strontium-90 to decay to a mass of 56 mg.

Radioactive decay is a process in which unstable atomic nuclei lose energy by emitting radiation. The rate at which radioactive decay occurs can be described using a parameter called the half-life. The half-life is the time it takes for half of the radioactive material to decay.

In this case, the half-life of strontium-90 is given as 28 years. This means that after 28 years, half of the initial amount of strontium-90 will decay.

To calculate the time it takes for the sample to decay to a mass of 56 mg, we can use the concept of half-lives.

Initially, we have a 70-mg sample of strontium-90. After the first half-life of 28 years, the mass will be reduced to 35 mg (half of 70 mg). After the second half-life, it will be reduced to 17.5 mg (half of 35 mg). This process continues until we reach a mass of 56 mg.

By calculating the number of half-lives required to reach a mass of 56 mg, we can determine the time it takes.

Starting with 70 mg, we need to divide it by 2 repeatedly until we reach 56 mg:

70 mg ÷ 2 = 35 mg

35 mg ÷ 2 = 17.5 mg

17.5 mg ÷ 2 = 8.75 mg

8.75 mg ÷ 2 = 4.375 mg

4.375 mg ÷ 2 = 2.1875 mg

2.1875 mg ÷ 2 = 1.09375 mg

1.09375 mg ÷ 2 = 0.546875 mg

0.546875 mg ÷ 2 = 0.2734375 mg

It takes a total of 7 half-lives to reach a mass of approximately 56 mg. Since each half-life is 28 years, we multiply the number of half-lives by the length of each half-life:

7 half-lives × 28 years/half-life = 196 years

Therefore, it will take approximately 196 years for a 70-mg sample of strontium-90 to decay to a mass of 56 mg.

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help
Writing a Scientific Argument

Write a scientific argument that answers the question Why is the liquid oxygen machine producing less liquid oxygen than normal?

State your claim and use evidence to support it. For each piece of evidence you use, explain how the evidence supports your claim or refutes another claim. Remember to explain what happened at both the macro and molecular scales.

Answers

Answer: The liquid oxygen machine is producing less liquid oxygen than normal because there's a low attraction between the molecules.

It should be noted that oxygen in its liquid state will take up less space. It can also be stored at a lower pressure than when it's in its gaseous state.

Explanation:

From the complete question, the liquid oxygen evaporates at a slightly higher The reason for this is due to the fact that they have similarly low attraction between molecules.

Count the atoms in the following chemical equation

C25H52+38 O2→25 CO2+26 H2O


Atoms
Reactant Side
Product Side
Carbon




Hydrogen




Oxygen




Total







The law of conservation of mass says that mass can’t be ________________ or _______________.

Answers

Answer:

The answer to the last part is- the law of conservation of mass says mass can't be created or destroyed

What are the systematic names for the following ions and compounds? [co(nh3)4cl2] cr(nh3)3cl3 [co(en)2br2] [co(nh3)6]cl3

Answers

The IUPAC name of

Co(NH3)4Cl2]

Tetraamminedichlorocobalt (IV) chloride

Cr(NH3)3Cl3

Triamminetrichloridocromium(ll)

Co(en)2Br2

Dichlorobis(ethylenediamine) cobalt (III) ion.

[Co(NH3)6]Cl3

hexaammine cobalt (III) chloride.

The sphere part is name first. Sphere part is positive part. In sphere also, legend is name first in alphabetical order. As the charge on sphere is positive that is why name of metal will remains unchanged and the oxidation number of metal is written in bracket.

At last the name of negative part is written.

Co(NH3)4Cl2

Tetraamminedichlorocobalt (IV) chloride

As, we have 4 ammine and two chlorine. So, according to alphabetical order ammine comes first and then chlorido.

Cr(NH3)3Cl3

Triamminetrichloridocromium(lll) l)

This compound contain 3 ammine and 3 chlorido. So, according to alphabetical order ammine comes first and then chlorido.

As oxidation number of chromium is 3, it is written in bracket in roman number.

Co(en)2Br2

Dichlorobis(ethylenediamine) cobalt (III) ion.

[Co(NH3)6]Cl3

hexaammine cobalt (III) chloride.

Thus, the IUPAC name of

Co(NH3)4Cl2]

Tetraamminedichlorocobalt (IV) chloride

Cr(NH3)3Cl3Triamminetrichloridocromium(ll)Co(en)2Br2Dichlorobis(ethylenediamine) cobalt (III) ion. [Co(NH3)6]Cl3

hexaammine cobalt (III) chloride.

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(scientific reason)
If the temperature increases, then the concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) will decrease....
why's that pls help begging

Answers

If the temperature increases, then the concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) will decrease because the equilibrium will shift in the backward direction.

What is sodium hydroxide ?

Sodium hydroxide is an ionic compound consisting of Na⁺ and OH⁻. It is also called as caustic soda. It is an inorganic compound with chemical formula NaOH.

When NaOH dissolve in water it is exothermic in nature. As the temperature increases, the equilibrium will shift in the backward direction.Therefore,as to nullify the effect of increased temperature. It will decrease the solubility of NaOH in water.

Thus, If the temperature increases, then the concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) will decrease.

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What's the name of given Complex ?

\( \qquad \sf \: [Ag(NH_3)_2] [Ag(CN)_6] \)

Topic : Nomenclature of complex compounds ​

Answers

The name of the given complex compound or a coordination complex [Ag(NH₃)₂][Ag(CN)₆] is diamine silver (i) hexacyanoargentate (i).

What are complex compounds?

A complex compound or a coordination complex is made up of a core atom or ion, known as the coordination center, which is typically metallic, and an array of attached molecules or ions that are known as ligands or complexing agents.

These coordination complexes may have a charge or be neutral. The complex is stabilized by nearby counter-ions when it is charged.

The color, solubility, absorption spectrum, magnetic properties, and other characteristics of the compounds can all be used to determine the qualities of coordination complexes. Complex compounds have features distinct from those of their constituent atoms. Coordination compounds change the characteristics of both the metal and the ligand.

In the compound [Ag(NH₃)₂][Ag(CN)₆], Ag is the coordination center, and CN and NH₃ are the ligands.

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Answer:

The compound [Ag(NH 3 )][Ag(CN) 2] contain both anionic as well as cationic complex.

So while writing the name of the cationic complex, the name of Ag will be written as silver and while writing the name of the anionic complex the name of the Ag will be written as argentate.

Thus, the name of the compound will be: diamminesilver(I)dicyanoargentate(I)

Determine Eo for the following reaction, using the given standard reduction potentials:
Fe³⁺(aq) + Ti(s) → Fe²⁺(aq) + Ti²⁺(aq)
Eo for Ti2+(aq) = -1.63 V
Eo for Fe3+(aq) = 0.77 V

Answers

To determine Eo for the given reaction, we can use the equation:  Eo(cell) = Eo(cathode) - Eo(anode)

The reduction potential for the cathode is the reduction potential of Ti²⁺, which is -1.63 V.

The reduction potential for the anode is the reduction potential of Fe³⁺, which is 0.77 V.

Plugging the values into the equation, we have:

Eo(cell) = (-1.63 V) - (0.77 V)

Eo(cell) = -2.40 V

Therefore, the standard cell potential (Eo) for the given reaction is -2.40 V.

This negative value indicates that the reaction is not spontaneous under standard conditions. The electrons flow from the anode (Fe³⁺) to the cathode (Ti²⁺), resulting in a negative cell potential. The reaction would require an external energy source to proceed.

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if equal amounts of liquid and powder are used to create a bead, it is called a _____ bead.

Answers

If equal amounts of liquid and powder are used to create the bead, it is called a dry bead.

If twice as much liquid as the powder is used to create the bead, it is called a wet bead.

A dry bead is a type of dental material that is formed by mixing equal amounts of liquid and powder. The mixture creates a bead that has a dry and crumbly texture. Dry beads are commonly used in dentistry for procedures such as taking impressions or making temporary restorations.

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Predict the balanced product for the acid base reaction of phosphoric acid with ammonium hydroxide.

Answers

Answer:

htt ps://w ww.you  tube. com/watch?v =oyy377 Yoj4I

Explanation:

buffering systems work to maintain ph within normal limits by:

Answers

Buffering systems work to maintain pH within normal limits by utilizing a combination of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid to resist changes in pH when an acid or base is added to the system.

Buffering systems are essential for maintaining the pH of biological systems within narrow ranges, as deviations from optimal pH levels can disrupt cellular processes and affect overall organismal function. These systems involve the presence of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.

When an acid is added to a buffering system, the weak base component of the buffer reacts with the added acid, effectively neutralizing its effects and preventing a drastic decrease in pH. Similarly, when a base is added to the system, the weak acid component of the buffer reacts with the added base, preventing a significant increase in pH.

The buffering capacity of a system depends on the equilibrium between the weak acid and its conjugate base or the weak base and its conjugate acid. This equilibrium allows the system to resist changes in pH by absorbing or releasing protons (H⁺) in response to acid or base additions, helping to maintain a relatively stable pH within the desired range.

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the complete question is:

How do buffering systems function to maintain pH within normal limits?

how many grams are in 8.00 moles of magnesium

Answers

194.44 is the answer i (think)

if the temperature is raised by 100 k , does the equilibrium constant for this reaction increase or decrease?

Answers

The equilibrium constant increases. For an endothermic reaction, heat is a reactant. An increase in temperature and heat favors the forward reaction, and the value of Kc increases.

The equilibrium constant: Kc

The equilibrium constant, Kc, is a measure of the extent to which a reaction will proceed at a given temperature. For an endothermic reaction, heat is a reactant and an increase in temperature will favor the forward reaction. This means that the value of Kc will increase as the temperature is raised.

Conversely, for an exothermic reaction, heat is a product and an increase in temperature will favor the reverse reaction. This means that the value of Kc will decrease as the temperature is raised.

The complete question is as follows:

Fill in the blanks: if the temperature is raised by 100 k, does the equilibrium constant for this reaction increase or decrease?

The equilibrium constant _____________. For an_________ reaction heat is a reactant. An increase in temperature and heat favors the __________ and the value of Kc _____________

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Given the speed of light as 3.00 x 10° m/s, calculate the
wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation whose frequency
is 9.500 x 101° Hz.

Answers

Answer:

the answer is mabye 30 I didnt understand

The molar solubility of Ba3(PO4)2 in water at 25°C is 1.4x10^(-8) mol / L. What is the value of Ksp for this salt?Ksp= ....

Answers

The value of Ksp for Ba3(PO4)2 can be calculated using the molar solubility of the salt in water at 25°C, which is given as 1.4x10^(-8) mol / L.


Ksp is the solubility product constant, which is the product of the concentrations of the ions in a saturated solution of a salt at a specific temperature. The balanced equation for the dissociation of Ba3(PO4)2 in water is:

Ba3(PO4)2(s) ⇌ 3 Ba2+(aq) + 2 PO4^3-(aq)

Since the stoichiometry of the reaction shows that 3 moles of Ba2+ ions are produced for every mole of Ba3(PO4)2 dissolved, the concentration of Ba2+ ions can be calculated as follows:

[Ba2+] = 3 × molar solubility = 3 × 1.4x10^(-8) mol / L = 4.2x10^(-8) mol / L

Similarly, the concentration of PO4^3- ions can be calculated as:

[PO4^3-] = 2 × molar solubility = 2 × 1.4x10^(-8) mol / L = 2.8x10^(-8) mol / L

Therefore, the value of Ksp for Ba3(PO4)2 can be calculated by multiplying the concentrations of the ions raised to their stoichiometric coefficients:

Ksp = [Ba2+]^3 [PO4^3-]^2
   = (4.2x10^(-8))^3 × (2.8x10^(-8))^2
   = 3.4x10^(-46)


The value of Ksp for Ba3(PO4)2 at 25°C is 3.4x10^(-46).

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What are the giant molecules

Answers

Giant molecules are also referred to as macromolecules and polymers when numerous molecules are combined. These atoms are arranged in a three-dimensional structure and are joined by covalent bonds.

A giant molecule, also known as a macromolecule, is a usually large molecule crucial to biophysical processes, such as a protein or nucleic acid. It is made up of many atoms that are covalently bound. Large non-polymeric molecules including lipids and macrocycles, as well as biopolymers, are the most prevalent macromolecules in biochemistry. In addition to synthetic fibers, giant molecules can also be found in research materials like carbon nanotubes.

Different experts use different terminology for giant molecules. For instance, in biology, giant molecules refer to the four immense molecules that make up living things, while in chemistry, it refers to aggregates of two or more molecules that are held together by intermolecular forces rather than covalent bonds yet that is difficult to dissolve apart. The term giant molecule is frequently referred to as high polymer in British English.

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as the temperature of a gas decreases is volume​

Answers

Answer:

it's volume also decrease

The Volumes decreases

10.0 g of acetic acid (ch3cooh) is dissolved in a 500.0 ml solution. what is the molarity?

Answers

The molarity of the acetic acid solution is 0.332 M.

To calculate the molarity of the acetic acid (CH3COOH) solution, follow these steps:
1. Determine the molecular weight of acetic acid. The molecular weights of C, H, and O are 12.01 g/mol, 1.01 g/mol, and 16.00 g/mol, respectively. For CH3COOH, the molecular weight is (2 × 12.01) + (4 × 1.01) + (2 × 16.00) = 24.02 + 4.04 + 32.00 = 60.06 g/mol.
2. Convert the mass of acetic acid to moles. Divide the given mass (10.0 g) by the molecular weight (60.06 g/mol):
10.0 g / 60.06 g/mol = 0.166 moles of acetic acid.
3. Convert the volume of the solution to liters. The given volume is 500.0 mL, which is equal to 0.500 L (since 1 L = 1000 mL).
4. Calculate the molarity. Divide the moles of acetic acid by the volume of the solution in liters:
0.166 moles / 0.500 L = 0.332 M (moles per liter).

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Which molecules can have more than an octet?

Answers

Option (C) is correct. The molecules of d-orbital such as sulfur, chlorine, silicon and phosphorus can have more than an octet. This is the exception of octet rule.

According to the octet rule, the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell. According to this rule, when atoms have fewer than eight electrons they can tend to react and form more stable compounds. The octet rule is defined as a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the theory that main group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas. The concept of this rule is that the compounds containing carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine are more stable if these atoms have eight valence electrons. When one of these atoms has less than eight valence electrons it has an open octet is explained in the octet rule.

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The complete question is,

Which molecules can have more than an octet?

A. S orbitals

B. P orbitals

C. d orbitals

D. f orbitals

the combustion of ethylene proceeds by the reaction c2h4 (g) 3 o2 (g) → 2 co2 (g) 2 h2o (g) when the rate of disappearance of o2 is 0.18 m ∙ s–1, the rate of appearance of co2 is ________ m ∙ s–1,

Answers

0.12 M s-1

Explanation:

The rate of appearance of \(CO_{2}\) when the rate of disappearance of \(O_{2}\) is 0.18 M∙s–1 in the combustion of ethylene can be found using the reaction equation:

\(C_{2}H_{4}\) (g) + 3 \(O_{2}\) (g) → 2 \(CO_{2}\) (g) + 2 \(H_{2}O\) (g).

Step 1: Identify the stoichiometric coefficients of the reactants and products.
For \(O_{2}\), the coefficient is 3.
For \(CO_{2}\), the coefficient is 2.

Step 2: Calculate the rate ratio between \(CO_{2}\) and \(O_{2}\).
Rate ratio = (coefficient of \(CO_{2}\)) / (coefficient of \(O_{2}\))
Rate ratio = 2 / 3

Step 3: Determine the rate of appearance of \(CO_{2}\) using the rate of disappearance of \(O_{2}\).
Rate of \(CO_{2}\) appearance = (rate of \(O_{2}\) disappearance) * (rate ratio)
Rate of \(CO_{2}\) appearance = 0.18 M∙s–1 * (2 / 3)

Step 4: Calculate the rate of appearance of \(CO_{2}\).
Rate of \(CO_{2}\) appearance = 0.12 M∙s–1

Thus, when the rate of disappearance of \(O_{2}\) is 0.18 M∙s–1, the rate of appearance of \(CO_{2}\) is 0.12 M∙s–1.

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