Answer:
20 mL
Explanation:
The volume of the rock is equal to the difference of volume of A and B. So, it is equal to
90 mL - 70 mL = 20 mL
Because 90 mL is the volue in cylinder B and 70 mL is the volume in cylinder A.
Therefore, the volume of the rock is 20 mL
Question is attached below
(a) the shell's horizontal range = 285839 m.
(b) the amount of time the shell is in motion is: 273.11 sec.
What is horizontal range?The length of the horizontal axis is a projectile's horizontal range. In addition, it would move before returning to the original vertical position.
Horizontal range is equal to Initial Speed in the horizontal direction, multiplied by the time the shell is in motion. Therefore, both questions can be solved at the same time.
Step 1. Find Velocity in the Horizontal direction by:
Vx = (1.70 x 10³) × cos(52°)
Vx = 1046.6 m/sec
Step 2. Find Velocity in the Vertical direction by:
Vy = (1.70 x 10³) × sin (52°)
Vy = 1339.6 m/sec
Step 3. Find the amount of time the shell is in motion by:
t= (2 × Vy)/gravity
t = (2 × 1339.6) / 9.81 [ Gravity = 9.81m/s²]
t = 273.11 sec
Step 4. Find the shell's horizontal range:
Distance = Vx × t
or, distance = (1046.6 × 273.11)
or, distance = 285839 m
Thus, (a) the shell's horizontal range = 285839 m.
(b) the amount of time the shell is in motion is: 273.11 sec.
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Voltage
Depends on the amount of resistance
Depends on the amount of current
Is the measurement of electrical pressure
All of the above
Voltage depends on the amount of resistance, current according to the Ohm's law, and, by definition, is the measurement of electrical pressure.
According to the Ohm's Law, the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
Mathematically,
V ∝ I
V = IR
where, R is the resistance of the conductor and I is the current flowing in the conductor. So, the voltage depends on the amount of resistance and current.
Also, Voltage is the pressure from an electrical circuit's power source that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting loop, enabling them to do work such as illuminating a light.
Hence All of the above option in the given question are true.
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A 2.5 kg block is initially at rest on a horizontal surface.A horizontal force of magnitude 6.0 N and a vertical force are
then applied to the block (Fig. 6-17).The coefficients of friction for
the block and surface are ms " 0.40 and mk " 0.25. Determine the
magnitude of the frictional force acting on the block if the magnitude
of is (a) 8.0 N, (b) 10 N, and (c) 12 N.
To solve this problem, we need to determine the frictional force acting on the block with different magnitudes of the applied force.
First, we need to find the normal force on the block, which is equal to the weight of the block. The weight of the block is given by:
W = mg = 2.5 kg x 9.8 m/s^2 = 24.5 N
Next, we need to find the force of the applied vertical force, which is given in the problem as "is". We can use trigonometry to find the vertical component of the force:
Fv = is sinθ
where θ is the angle between the force and the horizontal surface. Since the problem does not give us the value of θ, we will assume it to be 0°, which means the force is purely horizontal.
(a) If the magnitude of the applied force is 8.0 N, then the frictional force can be calculated as:
Ff = μsFn = μs(mg - Fv) = 0.40(24.5 - 0) = 9.8 N
(b) If the magnitude of the applied force is 10 N, then the frictional force can be calculated as:
Ff = μsFn = μs(mg - Fv) = 0.40(24.5 - 10) = 5.8 N
(c) If the magnitude of the applied force is 12 N, then the frictional force can be calculated as:
Ff = μkFn = μk(mg - Fv) = 0.25(24.5 - 12) = 3.1 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the block is 9.8 N, 5.8 N, and 3.1 N, for applied forces of 8.0 N, 10 N, and 12 N, respectively.
(a) When the horizontal force is 8 N the frictional force is 11.8 N.
(b) when the applied force is 10 N; the frictional force is 13.8 N.
(c) when the applied force is 12 N; the frictional force is 15.8 N.
What is the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the block?(a) The magnitude of the frictional force on the block when the horizontal force is 8 N is calculated as;
F - Ff = ma
where;
F is the horizontal force appliedFf is the frictional forcem is the massa is the accelerationF - μmg = ma
6 - 0.4 x 2.5 x 9.8 = 2.5 a
2.5 a = -3.8
a = -3.8/2.5
a = -1.52 m/s²
when the applied force is 8 N;
8 N - Ff = -1.52 m/s² x 2.5 kg
Ff = 11.8 N
(b) when the applied force is 10 N;
10 N - Ff = -1.52 m/s² x 2.5 kg
Ff = 13.8 N
(c) when the applied force is 12 N;
12 N - Ff = -1.52 m/s² x 2.5 kg
Ff = 15.8 N
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The form of energy found in moving objects is ___??
Answer:
kinetic energy
Explanation:
It is kinetic energy because it is an energy in motion. In order words it is an energy which the body or object moves.
The earth has a radius of 6.38×10^6 meters. Assume a perfectly smooth spherical earth. Calculate the minimum horizontal velocity required for an object to orbit the earth just above the surface.
The minimum horizontal velocity required for an object to orbit the earth just above the surface is 5.04 x 10¹⁰ m/s.
What is orbital speed of earth?The orbital speed of Earth or a natural satellite is the speed at which it orbits around the center of the system.
The minimum horizontal velocity required for an object to orbit the earth just above the surface is calculated as follows;
V(min) = √GMR
where;
G is universal gravitation constant = 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹Nm²/kg²M is mass of earth = 5.97 x 10²⁴ kgR is the radius of the earth = 6.38 x 10⁶ mSubstitute the given parameters and solve for the minimum orbital speed of the earth.
V(min) = √(6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ x 5.97 x 10²⁴ x 6.38 x 10⁶)
V(min) = 5.04 x 10¹⁰ m/s
Thus, the minimum horizontal velocity required for an object to orbit the earth just above the surface is 5.04 x 10¹⁰ m/s.
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Two cars are traveling toward one another with the same speed of 20 m/s and collide head-on. Car 1 (traveling from left to right) has a mass of 2000 kg. Car 2 (traveling from right to left) has a mass of 3000 kg. If the collision is perfectly inelastic, what is the velocity of car 1 after the collision?
Question 2 options:
2 m/s, moving to the right.
3.33 m/s, moving to the right.
4 m/s, moving to the left.
6.67 m/s, moving to the left
None of the above.
Answer:
Answer number 3
Explanation:
REALLY HOPE im right:)
a boy of 40kg and a girl of a mass an unknown mass plays on a seesaw of negligible weigh. If the boy sits 300cm from the pivot and the girl sits 400m from the pivot what is the mass of the girl in order for the seesaw to be in equilibrium
The mass of the girl is 30 kg in order for the seesaw to be in equilibrium.
What is seesaw?A particular kind of lever is a seesaw, which has a long beam coupled to a pivot known as the fulcrum.
As soon as you sit on one side of the beam and apply weight on one end, the beam falls to the ground. This is because the weight of your body is being pulled down by the force of gravity, along with the beam.
Let the mass of the girl = m kg
In equilibrium;
40 kg × 300 cm = m × 400 cm
⇒ m = 30 kg.
Hence, the mass of the girl is 30 kg.
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A teacher told a learner to react benzene (CH) with chlorine (Cl₂) to
produce 100 g of chlorobenzene. The expected yield is no higher than
65%. Calculate the minimum quantity of benzene that
of chlorobenzene if the yield is 65%. The equation
CH₂ + Cl₂ → CH₂Cl + HCl
produces 100 g
is:
for the reaction
The minimum quantity of benzene, C₆H₆ needed for the reaction is 106.67 g
How to determine the theoretical yield of chlorobenzene, C₆H₅ClFrom the question given, the following data were obtained
Actual yield = 100 gPercentage yield = 65% Theoretical yield =?Percentage yield = (Actual / Theoretical) × 100
65% = 100 / Theoretical
0.65 = Actual / Theoretical
Cross multiply
0.65 × Theoretical = 100
Divide both sides by 0.65
Theoretical = 100 / 0.65
Theoretical yield = 153.85 g
How to determine the mass of benzene, C₆H₆ neededBalanced equation
C₆H₆ + Cl₂ → C₆H₅Cl + HCl
Molar mass of C₆H₆ = 78 g/mol
Mass of C₆H₆ from the balanced equation = 1 × 78 = 78 g
Molar mass of C₆H₅Cl = 112.5 g
Mass of C₆H₅Cl from the balanced equation = 1 × 112.5 = 112.5 g
SUMMARY
From the balanced equation above,
112.5 g of C₆H₅Cl were obtained from 78 g of C₆H₆
Therefore,
153.85 g of C₆H₅Cl will be produced from = (153.85 × 78) / 112.5 = 106.67 g of C₆H₆
Thus, the minimum amount of benzene, C₆H₆ needed for the reaction is 106.67 g
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Which of the following would you expect to be a strong electrolyte in solution?
The following would expect to be a strong electrolyte in solution (b) KCI is correct option.
When dissolved in water, a strong electrolyte produces a large concentration of ions in solution by totally dissociating into ions. The following compounds are typically strong electrolytes in solution according to this definition:
Al(OH)₃ (aluminum hydroxide) is a weak electrolyte. It does not dissociate significantly into ions in solution, resulting in a low electrical conductivity.KCl (potassium chloride) is a strong electrolyte. It completely dissociates into potassium ions (K⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻) in solution, resulting in a high concentration of ions and a high electrical conductivity.PbI₂ (lead(II) iodide) is a weak electrolyte. It does not dissociate significantly into ions in solution, resulting in a low electrical conductivity.These substances readily dissociate into ions in water and exhibit high electrical conductivity, making them strong electrolytes in solution.
Therefore, the correct option is (b).
The complete question is,
Which of the following would be a strong electrolyte in solution?
a) Al(OH)₃ b) KCI c) Pbl₂
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For your assignment this week, research an athlete who has used steroids or some other performance enhancer in his/her career.
One notable athlete who has been associated with the use of performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) is the American professional cyclist Lance Armstrong.
Armstrong gained worldwide recognition for his unprecedented seven consecutive victories in the Tour de France from 1999 to 2005. However, his remarkable achievements were tarnished when it was revealed that he had engaged in systematic doping throughout his career.
In 2012, after years of denial, Armstrong finally admitted to using banned substances, including erythropoietin (EPO), testosterone, corticosteroids, and blood transfusions, to enhance his performance. These substances boosted his endurance and oxygen-carrying capacity, providing him with an unfair advantage over his competitors. Armstrong's confession came after substantial evidence, including testimonies from teammates and extensive investigations, exposed his involvement in one of the most elaborate and sophisticated doping schemes in sports history.
Following his admission, Armstrong was stripped of his Tour de France titles and received a lifetime ban from professional cycling. The revelations surrounding his drug use had a profound impact on the sport, shaking its credibility and raising concerns about the prevalence of doping in cycling.
Armstrong's story serves as a cautionary tale, highlighting the ethical and moral dilemmas associated with doping in sports. His case underscores the importance of maintaining the integrity of athletic competition, the significance of stringent anti-doping measures, and the need for education and awareness regarding the risks and consequences of performance-enhancing substances.
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Consider two simple pendula. Pendulum 1 has a length of L and a bob mass of m. Pendulum 2 has a length of 4L and a bob mass of 4m. If the period of pendulum 1 is 4 seconds, then the period of pendulum 2 is...
2 s
16 s
1 s
8 s
Answer:
8s
Explanation:
period of pendulum = 2π*√(l/g)
l = length of pendulum
period for 1st pendulum = 4 sec
thats 2π*√(l/g) = 4
for 2nd pendulum
length = 4 l
substitute 4l in formula
2π*√4l/g = 2*4= 8s
Given the data from the question, the period of the pendulum 2 is 8 s
Data obtained from the questionLength of pendulum 1 (L₁ ) = LPeriod of pendulum 1 (T₁ ) = 4 sLength of pendulum 2 (L₂) = 4LPeriod of pendulum 2 (T₂) = ?How to determine the period of pendulum 2The period of pendulum 2 can be obtained as illustrated below:
T²₁ / L₁ = T²₂ / L₂
4² / L = T²₂ / 4L
Cancel out L
4² = T²₂ / 4
Cross multiply
T²₂ = 4² × 4
T²₂ = 64
Take the square root of both sides
T₂ = √64
T₂ = 8 s
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A disk with a rotational inertia of 2.5 kg-m2 and a radius 1.1 m rotates on a frictionless fixed axis perpendicular to the disk faces and through its center. A force of 7.7 N is applied tangentially to the rim. The angular acceleration of the disk is _____ rad/s2. Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
Answer:
3.4 rad/sec^2
Explanation:
rotational inertia = 2.5 kg-m^2 radius = 1.1 m force = 7.7 N
t = rotational inertia * angular acceleration equation 1
also t = force * radius
therefore to calculate angular acceleration equation 1 becomes
f * r = inertia * angular acceleration hence
angular acceleration = f * r / inertia = \(\frac{7.7 * 1.1 }{2.5}\) 8.47 / 2.5 = 3.388 ≈ 3.4 rad/sec^2
HELPOOOAOWOWKAKSJWHIndbrhajsjehaha
1. v=v0+at
2.d = vot+at²
3.v²=v² + 2ad
4.d = 0-20 t
Use the Equation 1 to solve the problem that follows. Use the GUESS method to help you
arrange your work.
Starting from rest, a pony increases its speed at a rate of 2 m/s² for 3.3 seconds. how fast is
the pony moving at the end of 3.3 seconds in m/s?
With 6.6 m/s velocity, the pony moving at the end of 3.3 seconds in m/s.
v0=0
v=?
a=2 m/s²
t=3.3 sc
v=v0+at
v=0+2×3.3
v=6.6 m/s
"The rate at which an item changes its location" is described by a vector number called velocity. Imagine someone walking swiftly, one step forward, one step back, and starting each step from the same location. Velocity is a vector quantity. Therefore, velocity is cognizant of direction. The direction must be taken into account when determining an object's velocity. A velocity of 55 miles per hour is not adequate information. It is necessary to account for the direction in order to accurately describe the object's velocity. Simply put, the direction of the velocity vector represents the motion of the object.
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The temperature of air in a foundary increase when molten metals cool and solidify. Suppose 9.9*10*10*10*10*10*10J of energy is added to surrounding air by the solidwifying metal. The air's temperature increases by 55K, and the air has a specific heat capacity of 1.0*10*10*10J/Kg•K
180kg is mass of metal .
The definition of specific heat capacity
The amount of heat per unit mass needed to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius is known as the heat capacity or specific heat. The ability to distinguish between two polymeric composites using specific heat can be useful in calculating the processing temperatures and volume of heat required.
The heat capacity per unit mass of a material is known as the specific heat capacity (or simply the specific heat). The results of experiments indicate that three variables affect the amount of heat that is transferred: (1) the temperature change, (2) the mass of the system, and (3) the substance and phase of the material.
Eo is 9.9*10^6 J
ΔT is 55K
c is 1*10^3 J/kg.K
Eo = Mo. c. ΔT
Mo = Eo/ c. ΔT
Mo = 9.9*10^6/ 5 5*1*10^3
Mo = 180kg
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What is the density of an object whose volume is 100 cubic centimeters that has a mass of 100 grams?
Answer:
search omni calculator and these problems can be solved easily:) hope this helps! 62.43
Answer:
1 g/cm3
Explanation:
just had it and this was the answer
A 6 kg blue ball rolls across the ground and collides with a stationary 1 kg red ball.
Before the collision the blue ball moved right with a speed of 4 m/s, and after the
collision it moved left with a speed of 1 m/s. If the red ball was not moving before the
collision, how fast is it moving after the collision?
The final velocity of the red ball is 18 m/s.
What is momentum?The term momentum has to do with the product of the mass and the velocity of an object We know that the momentum is always conserved in accordance with the Newton third law. Also it is clear that the momentum before collision is equal to the total momentum after collision and we are going to apply this principle here.
Then;
Mass of the blue ball = 6 kg
Mass of the red ball = 1 kg
Initial velocity of the blue ball = 4 m/s
Initial velocity of the red ball = 0 m/s
Final velocity of the red ball = ??
Final velocity of the blue ball = 1 m/s
We now have;
(6 * 4) + (1 * 0) = (1 * v) + (6 * 1)
24 = v + 6
v = 24 - 6
v = 18 m/s
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A marble is fired from a spring-loaded gun at an angle of 30◦
above the ground and reaches a
maximum height 500m.
a. What is the velocity of the marble at it’s maximum height?
b. What is the acceleration of the marble at it’s maximum height?
c. What was the marbles initial velocity?
d. How long did it take for the marble to reach it’s maximum height?
Answer:
jrirnr tn
Explanation:
and then we was just wondering what we should be talking to about to see how you are
What is a force that acts upon a projectile launched into the air?
1. Centripetal
2. Gravity
3. Trajectory
The force that acts upon a projectile launched into the air is gravity.
What is gravity?Gravity is a fundamental force of nature that causes all physical objects to attract each other. It is the force that pulls objects towards each other, and it is the reason why objects with mass are attracted towards the center of the Earth.
When an object is launched into the air, it is subject to the force of gravity, which pulls the object down towards the Earth. As the object moves through the air, the force of gravity causes it to follow a curved path, known as a trajectory, until it eventually hits the ground. While other forces such as air resistance may also act upon the projectile, gravity is the primary force that determines the path of the projectile.
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Three strings, attached to the sides of a rectangular frame, are tied together by a knot as shown in the figure. The magnitude of the tension in the string labeled C is 56.3 N. Calculate the magnitude of the tension in the string marked A.
The magnitude of the tension in the string marked A is 39.5 N.
What is the tension in A?The tension in A is determined thus:
The angle at A, θ = tan⁻¹(3/8) = 20.56
When extrapolated below negative x, the angle at B, α = tan⁻¹(5/4) = 51.34
When extrapolated below negative x, the angle at C, β = tan⁻¹(1/6) = 9.46
Taking the horizontal components of tension;
56.3cos(9.46) = A * cos(20.56) + B * cos(51.34)
0.6247B= 55.53 - 0.936A
B = (55.53 - 0.936A)/0.6247 ----(1)
Taking the vertical components of tension;
56.3 * sin(9.46) + A * sin(20.6) = B * sin(51.3)
9.25 + 0.35A = 0.78B ---- (2)
substitute the value (1) in (2)
9.25 + 0.35A = 0.78{(55.53 - 0.936A)/0.6247}
(9.25 + 0.35A) * 0.6247 = 43.31 - 0.73A
0.22A + 0.73A = 43.31 - 5.78
0.93A = 37.53
A = 39.5 N
In conclusion, the tension in A is determined by solving for the vertical and horizontal components of tension.
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I need HELP ASAP please!!!
Answer: A
Explanation:i took this one
An ideal horizontal spring-mass system is set into motion. At an instant when the mass passes through its equilibrium position: The potential energy in the spring is at its _____. The kinetic energy of the mass is at its ______. The magnitude of net force acting on the mass is at its ______.
Answer:
the potential energy is zero, and the kinetic energy must be maximum
F = 0
Explanation:
In this exercise you are asked to complete the sentences of a simple harmonic movement of a mass-spring system.
In this system mechanical energy is conserved
at the most extreme point the carousel potential energy is
K_e = ½ k x²
the kinetic energy is zero for that stopped.
At the equilibrium point
the spring elongation is x = 0 so the potential energy is zero
and the kinetic energy must be maximum since total energy of the system is conserved
the spring force is
F =- k x
as in the equilibrium position x = 0 this implies that the force is also zero
F = 0
In this exercise we have to use the knowledge of force to calculate the energy of a spring, in this way we find that:
The potential energy in the spring is at its \(K_e = 1/2 k x^2\). The kinetic energy of the mass is at its zero . The magnitude of net force acting on the mass is at its Zero.
In this system mechanical energy is conserved, at the most extreme point the carousel potential energy is:
\(K_e = 1/2 k x^2\)
The kinetic energy is zero for that stopped or when at the equilibrium point, so:
the spring elongation is x = 0 so the potential energy is zero the kinetic energy must be maximum since total energy of the system is conserved
the spring force is:
\(F =- k x\\F=0\)
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Question 3 (2 points)
Of the following exercise stimuli, ordered from the lightest to the heaviest, select the
intensity that has been shown to significantly improve affect for most people (albeit
perhaps for a relatively short period of time)
a 10-minute walk at a self-selected intensity
a 20-minute session of a cycle ergometer at 60% VO2max
a 30-minute treadmill run at 75% VO2max
a 60-minute session of aerobics at 75% VO2max
multiple 30 second intervals at 150% VO2max
A 20-minute cycle ergometer exercise at 60% VO2max has been demonstrated to dramatically improve impact for the majority of persons.
Intensity and an example are what?the property of being strongly felt or having a powerful impact: The explosion was so loud that it could be heard from five kilometres distant. Measures of luminosity. [C or U] the strength of being something that may be measured, such as sunlight, sound, etc.
The measurement of intensity:A measure that is produced from a randomised measure is known as an intensity measure in probability theory. Since the randomised measure of a set's expected value is the intensity measure, which is a non-random measure, it equates to the average volume that the random measure assigns.
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This is one popular brand of exercise machine for a crossword puzzle
Answer:
Aerobics I think.
Explanation:
At which location does the South Pole receive 24 hours of daylight?
below the Antarctic Circle.
A bowling ball moves with constant velocity from an initial posi-tion of 1.6 m to a final position of 7.8 m in 3.1 s.
(a) What is the position time equation for the bowling ball?
(b) At what time is the ball at the position 8.6 m?
Answer:
calculate 1.6*7.8*3.1
Explanation:
How does the vapor pressure of water at 10°C compare with its vapor pressure at 50°C?
The vapor pressure of water is lower at 50°C than it is at 10°C.
The vapor pressure of water is greater at 50°C than it is at 10°C.
The vapor pressure of water is the same at 50°C as it is at 10°C.
K
Answer:
The vapor pressure of water is greater at 50°C than it is at 10°C.
Explanation:
What is the strength of the electric field at the position indicated by the dot in (Figure 1)?
What is the direction of the electric field at the position indicated by the dot in (Figure 1)? Specify the direction as an angle measured clockwise from the positive x
axis.
At the point indicated by the dot, the electric field vector would be at an angle of 45 degrees measured clockwise from the positive x-axis, since the x and y components of the electric field are equal at that point.
Assuming that the two charges are of equal magnitude and opposite sign and that the distance between them is d, the electric field at the point indicated by the dot can be found using Coulomb's law:
\(E = kq/r^2\)
where k is Coulomb's constant (\(8.99 *10^9 N m^2/C^2\)), q is the magnitude of the charge, and r is the distance between the charges.
Since the charges are of equal magnitude, the net charge at the point indicated by the dot is zero, so we only need to consider the electric field due to one of the charges. Let's assume that we want to find the electric field due to the positive charge.
The distance between the positive charge and the point indicated by the dot is r = d/2. Therefore, the electric field at that point is:
\(E = kq/(d/2)^2 = 4kq/d^2\)
The direction of the electric field is radial, pointing away from the positive charge and toward the negative charge. At the point indicated by the dot, the electric field vector would be at an angle of 45 degrees measured clockwise from the positive x-axis, since the x and y components of the electric field are equal at that point.
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Question 1 1 point possible (graded) In a laboratory, scientists often study neurons in isola living creature, in a dish. In this setting, one can have control over the local ionic environment in which the c we can control the makeup of the solution - the 'medi This situation is a bit like replacing the extracellular flu normally be bathed in with some other fluid. There are a variety of different kinds of media that sci different purposes. Let's consider a few standard one Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) and de The table below lists the ionic concentrations for thes intracellular column lists the concentrations inside a p concentrations below are in mm (millimolar). lon K+ Na+ CI- Ca²+ 87 mV -87 mV -25 mV 25 mV Intracellular -60 mV 140 10 12 0.0001 DMEM 5.3 154 119 1.8 "de me Based on this chart, what is the Nernst potential for K bathed in DMEM at 37°C? 55 105 119 1.8
Nernst potential for K+ ions bathed in DMEM at 37°C is 55 mV. The correct option is A.
The Nernst potential for K+ ions bathed in DMEM at 37°C is a measure of the equilibrium potential for K+ ions across a cell membrane in a solution of DMEM. It is calculated using the Nernst equation, which takes into account the concentration gradient of K+ ions across the membrane, as well as the valence of K+ ions and the temperature of the solution.
The Nernst potential for an ion at a given temperature is calculated using the Nernst equation:
E = (RT/zF) * ln([ion]out/[ion]in)
Where:
E is the Nernst potential (in mV)
R is the gas constant (8.314 J/K/mol)
T is the temperature (in Kelvin)
z is the valence of the ion
F is the Faraday constant (96,485 C/mol)
[ion]out is the concentration of the ion outside the cell (in mM)
[ion]in is the concentration of the ion inside the cell (in mM)
ln is the natural logarithm function
Using the values from the table given in the question, we can calculate the Nernst potential for K+ ions bathed in DMEM at 37°C:
Plugging in the values for K in DMEM:
E = (RT/zF) * ln([K+]out/[K+]in)
E = (8.314 * 310.15)/(1 * 96485) * ln(5.3/140)
E≈ 0.055 V
E ≈ 55 mV
Therefore, The correct option is A.
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A 56-dB sound wave strikes an eardrum whose area is 5.0×10−5m2. The intensity of the reference level required to determine the sound level is 1.0×10−12W/m2. 1yr=3.156×107s.
a. How much energy is absorbed by the eardrum per second?
b. At this rate, how long would it take the eardrum to receive a total energy of 1.0 J ?
a ) The energy absorbed by the eardrum per second = 5 * \(10^{-12}\) W
b ) At this rate, it would take the eardrum 6341.96 years to receive a total energy of 1.0 J
P = I A
P = Power
I = Intensity
A = Surface area
β = 10 log I / Io
log I / Io = β / 10
I / Io = 10 ^ ( β / 10 )
I = Io * 10 ^ ( β / 10 )
A = 5 * \(10^{-5}\) m²
Io = 1 * \(10^{-12}\) W / m²
β = 50 dB
I = 1 * \(10^{-12}\) * 10 ^ ( 50 / 10 )
I = \(10^{-7}\) W / m²
P = 5 * \(10^{-5}\) * \(10^{-7}\)
P = 5 * \(10^{-12}\) W
P = W / t
W = Work done
t = Time
W = 1 J
t = W / P
t = 1 / 5 * \(10^{-12}\)
t = 0.2 * \(10^{12}\) s
t = 6341.96 years
Therefore,
a ) The energy absorbed by the eardrum per second = 5 * \(10^{-12}\) W
b ) At this rate, it would take the eardrum 6341.96 years to receive a total energy of 1.0 J
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