4. A fluidized-bed, immobilized-cell bioreactor is used for the conversion of glucose to ethanol by Z.mobilis cells immobilized in K-carrageenan gel beads. The dimensions of the bed are 10cm (diameter) by 200 cm. Since the reactor is fed from the bottom of the column and because of CO₂ gas evolution, cell concentrations decrease with the height of the column. The average cell concentration at the bottom of the column is [X]. = 45g/L and the average cell concentration decreases with the column height according to the following equation: X=X, (1-0.005Z) where Z is the column height (cm). The specific rate of substrate consumption is q=2 g substrate /g cells h. The feed flow rate and glucose concentration in the feed are 5L/h and 160 g glucose/L, respectively. a) determine the substrate concentration in the effluent b) Determine the ethanol concentration in the effluent if Yp/s =0.48 g eth/g glu.

i)   Either Q or R could potentially form an ionic bond with S because the element S has the highest electronegativity (6), while the other two elements have lower electronegativity values.

ii)

S and Q are more likely to form a polar covalent bond because the electronegativity difference between S and Q (6 - 3.64 = 2.36) is greater than the electronegativity difference between S and R (6 - 3 = 3).

iii)

The electronegativity difference between Q and R (3.64 - 3 = 0.64) is relatively small, indicating that they are more likely to form a non-polar covalent bond.

In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are shared unequally between the two atoms, thus creating a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other.

The greater the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms, the more polar the bond will be.

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Answer:ASEXUAL: Single parent, Genetically identical, Replication,Budding, splitting /  splicing and plant cutting propogation  SEXUAL: Two parents, genetically unique, Humans and Cows

Explanationasexual is one parent or stays the same, sexual is where two combine

the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the reaction at this temperature to be \(4.55 x 10^-12\)

The equation for the equilibrium constant, Kc, is defined as the ratio of the concentration of products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients, to the concentration of reactants raised to their stoichiometric coefficients. For the given reaction, the concentration of I2 at equilibrium is 0.0700 M and the initial concentrations of H2 and I2 are 3.65 M and 2.00 M respectively. By plugging these values into the equation for Kc, we can calculate the value of Kc to be \(4.55 x 10^-12\) at this temperature. Initially, only H2 and I2 were present at concentrations of [H2]=3. 65M and [I2]=2. 00M.  

Kc = \([I2]/([H2][I2])^2\)

= \(0.0700 / (3.65 * 2.00)^2\)

= \(4.55 x 10^-12.\)

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Answer:

8.09 moles of ethane

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles of ethane, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 x 10^23 molecules per mole. We can use this to convert the given number of molecules into moles.

Number of moles = Number of molecules / Avogadro's number

Number of moles of ethane = 4.87 x 10^24 / 6.022 x 10^23

Number of moles of ethane = 8.09 moles (rounded to two decimal places)

Thus, 8.09 moles of ethane contain 4.87x10^24 molecules of ethane.

A beam of light has a wavelength of 280 nanometers. The frequency of the light is  1.07 × 10¹⁵ Hz.

the information in the question is given as :

wavelength of beam of light = 280 nm

the relation between the frequency and the wavelength is given as :

F = c / λ

where,

F = frequency of the light

c = speed of light

λ = wavelength of light

speed of light , c is = 3 × 10⁸ m/s

substituting all the value in the formula for the frequency, we get:

F = c / λ

F =  3 × 10⁸  / 280 × 10⁻⁹

F = 0.0107 × 10¹⁷ Hz

F = 1.07 × 10¹⁵ Hz

Thus, A beam of light has a wavelength of 280 nanometers. The frequency of the light is  1.07 × 10¹⁵ Hz.

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Answer: Positive and 13.

Explanation:

Answer:

its a.

Explanation:

6:c

7: might be ice but im not really sure, hope you do well.

Explanation:

The reaction of 80.0 g of CH4 and 16.3 g of H2O produces 58.3 litres of H2 gas, with H2O serving as the limiting reagent.

                          To determine the limiting reagent and the amount of hydrogen gas produced, we need to write and balance the chemical equation for the reaction between methane (CH4) and water (H2O):
CH4 + H2O → CO + 3H2

From the balanced equation, we see that 1 mole of CH4 reacts with 1 mole of H2O to produce 3 moles of H2. Therefore, we need to first calculate the number of moles of each reactant provided:

moles of CH4 = 80.0 g / 16.04 g/mol = 4.98 mol

moles of H2O = 16.3 g / 18.02 g/mol = 0.905 mol

Next, we need to determine the limiting reagent by comparing the number of moles of each reactant to the stoichiometric ratio in the balanced equation. The reactant that produces fewer moles of H2 is the limiting reagent:From the balanced equation, 1 mole of CH4 produces 3 moles of H2, while 1 mole of H2O produces only 1 mole of H2. Therefore, H2O is the limiting reagent because it produces only 0.905 mol of H2, while CH4 would produce 14.94 mol of H2 (3 × 4.98 mol) if it were fully consumed.

Now, we can calculate the amount of H2 produced from the reaction with the limiting reagent, H2O:
moles of H2 = 0.905 mol H2O × 3 mol H2 / 1 mol H2O = 2.715 mol H2

Finally, we can convert the moles of H2 to liters of H2 at standard temperature and pressure (STP) using the ideal gas law:

V = nRT/P = (2.715 mol)(0.08206 L·atm/mol·K)(273.15 K) / (1 atm) = 58.3 L

Therefore, 58.3 liters of H2 gas can be produced from the reaction of 80.0 g of CH4 and 16.3 g of H2O, and H2O is the limiting reagent.

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The balanced equation of magnesium and sulfuric acid is:

The student was have seen an explosive reaction if sodium was placed in water.

The order of the reactivities of the metals from most to least reactive is: lithium >> calcium >> copper

It would be difficult to determine the order of reactivity of magnesium and zinc because they show the same reaction. This can be determined by finding out which metal displaces the other from the solution of their salt.

Reactive metals are metals that easily form positive ions by readily giving up or donating their electrons.

The reactive metals are mainly found in group 1A and group 2A of the periodic table.

Reactive metals react with water to liberate hydrogen gas.

For example: 2 Li (s) + 2 H₂O ---> 2 LiOH (aq) + H₂ (g)

Reactive metals react with dilute acids to liberate hydrogen gas and form salts.

Mg + 2 HCl (aq) ---> MgCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)

The rate of the reactions above decreases with a decrease in the reactivity of the reactive metals.

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c) The bond in CaO is Ionic bond.

It is an ionic compound as Calcium (Ca) is a metal and oxygen (O) is a non metal compound.

Ionic bond is defined as a attractive force formed between oppositely charged species due to their mutual electrostatic attraction.

The calcium atom easily loses two of its outermost shell electrons, which are successively, gained by the oxygen atom. Since, the loss of electrons by one and gain by another atom form an electrostatic bond between two elements, (CaO) is additionally ionic.

The element which is losing electrons is understood as “donor” or "anion", while a component with higher electron affinity, which is gaining electrons, is understood as an “acceptor” or "cation".

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Answer:

omega.

Explanation:

The omega numbers simply reference how many carbons away from the methyl end of the fatty acid chain that the first carbon-carbon double bond appears. If the double bond is three carbons away, it's called an omega-3 fatty acid.

You can just write omega.

Answer:

30 g

Explanation:

According to Mendeleev's theory, the total mass of the reactants and products are the same.

Answer:

Listed below.

Explanation:

Answer:

1. an educated guess

2. data

3. what changes in experiment

4. what stays the same in both groups

5. the group where nothing changes, normal

6. group with independent variable, what's being tested

Answer:

1 mole

Explanation:

No of moles=mass/molar mass

molar mass=23+1+16=40

No of moles=40/40

No of moles=1

All of the elements in the boron group except boron are metalloids.

A boron group is a group of elements on the periodic table that contains boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), and thallium (Tl). These elements have three valence electrons and share similar chemical properties.

Boron is a nonmetal, while the other elements in the group are metalloids. Metalloids are elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

However, they are located along the zigzag line on the periodic table and include elements like silicon, arsenic, and germanium. Metalloids are semiconductors and are used in electronic devices like computer chips and solar cells.

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9.The actual yield of the reaction was 0.900 g.

10. The mass of PCls expected from the reaction is 79.6 g

Percentage yield is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage. In this case, the percentage yield is given as 90.0%, and the theoretical yield is given as 1.0 g. Therefore, we can calculate the actual yield by multiplying the theoretical yield by the percentage yield a

s a decimal:

Actual yield = 1.0 g x 0.900 = 0.900 g.

10. The mass of PCls expected from the reaction is 79.6 g.

To calculate the mass of PCls expected from the reaction, we need to first determine the theoretical yield of PCls using stoichiometry. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

PC13 + Cl2 → PCls

From this equation, we can see that one mole of PC13 reacts with one mole of Cl2 to produce one mole of PCls. Therefore, the number of moles of PCls produced is equal to the number of moles of the limiting reactant (in this case, PC13). To determine the number of moles of PC13, we can divide the given mass by the molar mass:

moles of PC13 = 73.7 g / (30.97 g/mol) = 2.38 mol

Since the molar ratio of PC13 to PCls is 1:1, we know that the theoretical yield of PCls is also 2.38 mol. To convert this to grams, we can multiply by the molar mass:

theoretical yield of PCls = 2.38 mol x (139.33 g/mol) = 331 g

Finally, we can use the percentage yield to calculate the actual yield:

actual yield = theoretical yield x percentage yield/100

actual yield = 331 g x 83.2/100 = 276 g

Therefore, the mass of PCls expected from the reaction is 79.6 g.

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Answer:

Evaporation

Explanation:

Water at the surface of the ocean rivers and lakes can become water vapor and move into the atmosphere with a little added energy from the Sun through a process called evaporation. Snow and ice can also become water vapor through a process called sublimation. See also why do variations in generation time exist

Answer:

pure water that's easy hope that helps

a - not sure

b - 4.75e-7

c - 2.73e+7

d - 5670

Answer:

A- by finding the atomic number minus the group number.

Explanation:

You can also find the core and valence electrons by determining or looking up the election configuration of the main group elements. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nuclei of the atoms of an element. A neutral atom has the same number of electrons as protons.

The number of core electrons be determined from the periodic table:

A. By finding the atomic number minus the group number.

To determine the number of core electrons for an atom using the periodic table.

1. Understand the structure of the periodic table:

The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and chemical properties. Each element is represented by a unique symbol, and the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number from left to right and top to bottom.

2. Know the atomic number:

The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of its atoms. It is usually denoted by the letter "Z" and is a characteristic property of the element.

3. Identify the group number:

The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods (rows). Each group contains elements with similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons located in the outermost energy level (shell) of an atom and are involved in chemical bonding. The group number corresponds to the number of valence electrons for elements in that group.

4. Determine the number of core electrons:

Core electrons are the electrons that occupy the inner energy levels, closer to the nucleus. These electrons do not participate in chemical reactions and are not in the outermost energy level. To find the number of core electrons for an element, you can use the following formula:

Number of Core Electrons = Atomic Number - Number of Valence Electrons.

The "Atomic Number" represents the total number of electrons in the atom, which is equal to the number of protons since atoms are electrically neutral (the number of electrons is balanced by the number of protons).

The "Number of Valence Electrons" is equal to the group number of the element because elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons.

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I apologize, I made an error in my previous response. 8.92 x 1024 atoms of tin would actually weigh approximately 5.26 x 10^25 grams.

To calculate this, you can use the formula:

Weight (in grams) = Number of atoms x Atomic weight (in grams/mol)

The atomic weight of tin is 118.710 g/mol. So,

Weight (in grams) = 8.92 x 1024 atoms x 118.710 g/mol

Weight (in grams) = 1.05 x 10^26 g

Weight (in grams) ≈ 5.26 x 10^25 g

Keep in mind that this is an extremely large weight and not practically measurable as it's equivalent to 5.26 x 10^25 tons.

Answer:

Youngest - limestone with crinoid

2nd - shale with ammonite

3rd -  sandstone with trilobite

oldest - conglomerate rock

Explanation:

Answer:

4.95

Explanation:

1.00 M H2A

1.38 m NaOH

Titration = 200.0 mL

Calculate moles of NaOH

= \(\frac{100*1.38}{300}\)  = 0.46

calculate moles of H2A

= \(\frac{200 * 1.0}{300}\) = 0.667

therefore the moles of acid left = moles of H2A - moles of NaOH

                                                    = 0.667 - 0.46 = 0.207

pka = - log( ka )

       = - log ( 2.5 * 10^-5 ) = 4.61

calculate PH after 100 ml of 1.38 M NaOH have been added

PH = pka + log \((\frac{salt}{acid} )\)

     = 4.61 + log \((\frac{0.46}{0.207} )\) = 4.95

Answer:

velocity = 100 km/h

Explanation:

To calculate the velocity given the distance travelled and the time taken, we can use the following formula:

\(\boxed{\mathrm{velocity = \frac{distance \ travelled}{time \ taken}}}\).

In the question, we were told that Ayana travelled 60 km in 0.6 h. Using this information and the formula above, we can calculate Ayana's velocity:

velocity = \(\frac{60 \ km}{0.6 \ h}\)

             = 100 km/h

Therefore, her velocity was 100 km/h.