1) How is nondisjunction related to Down syndrome and other abnormal chromosome numbers?
2) State the differences between DNA and RNA
Pleaaseeee helllpppp :(((
Answers
2. DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose.
DNA is a double-stranded molecule, while RNA is a single-stranded molecule.
Choose either one ^^^
Hope this helps you.
Related Questions
What type of questions can ice cores answer?
A. What the climate was like on earth in the past
B. Why the climate changed in the past
C.What type of wild-life lived on earth in those times
Answers
Body Surface Area -adapted from the Redlarski’s paper (link)
Body surface area (BSA) plays a key role in several medical fields, including cancer chemother-
apy, transplantology, burn treatment and toxicology. BSA is often a major factor in the
determination of the course of treatment and drug dosage. A series of formulae to simplify
the process have been developed. Because easy-to-identify, yet general, body coefficient re-
sults of those formulae vary considerably, the question arises as to whether the choice of a
particular formula is valid and safe for patients. These empirical formulae are derived by
observing/fitting the experimental data and do not have a rigid model or reason explain-
ing their validity. In this problem, you will build a physics model to create your own BSA
equation other than using an empircal formula.
(a) Use a cylinder of height H and radius r as a approximation of the shape of a human.
Calculate the human’s body surface area(BSA), volume(V), and mass(M) in terms of
r and H. You may assume the density of human is 1000 kg/m3.
(b) Rewrite the surface area in in terms of height and mass.
(c) According to the equation you derived above, what is your body surface area? Is it the
same as the result calculated by using the empirical fomulae: BSA = √M H/C with
BSA in m2, M in kg, H in cm, and C=60 is a constant in this paper? If not, what is the percentage differences?
Note: percentage difference for two values E1 and E2 are |E1−E2|
(E1+E2)/2 ×100%.
(d) Considering the formula BSA = √MH/C with fixed H, plot a graph with BSA on
the y-axis and M on the x-axis. Explain what the trend/curve means.
(e) Considering the formula BSA = √MH/C with fixed BSA, plot a graph with H on
the y-axis and M on the x-axis. Explain what the trend/curve means.
(e) Considering the formula BSA = √MH/C with fixed BSA, plot a graph with H on
the y-axis and M on the x-axis. Explain what the trend/curve means.
Answers
a)Using a cylinder of height H and radius r as an approximation of the shape of a human, the surface area, volume, and mass are calculated in terms of r and H as follows:
Surface area (S) of a cylinder is 2πrh + 2πr², where h is the height, and r is the radius of the cylinder. In this case, the height of the cylinder is equivalent to the height of the human body. Hence;S = 2πrH + 2πr²Mass (M) of a cylinder is given by M = ρV, where ρ is the density of the cylinder, and V is the volume. Hence, the mass of a cylinder in terms of its radius and height isM = πr²HρVolume (V) of a cylinder is given by V = πr²H. Hence, the volume of a cylinder in terms of its radius and height isV = πr²H(b)The body surface area (BSA) of a human can be rewritten in terms of the height (H) and mass (M) as follows:
BSA = √(M/H C)We can rewrite it as H = M/ (BSA² C)Thus, H can be expressed as a function of M and BSA asH = M/(BSA² C)(c)If r = 0.15 m and H = 1.70 m, then using the equation, S = 2πrH + 2πr², the body surface area is given as:
S = 2π (0.15)(1.70) + 2π (0.15)² = 1.77 m²Using the empirical formula, BSA = √(MH/C) with M = 60 kg and H = 170 cm, we get BSA = 1.85 m²The percentage difference is given by;|E1 − E2| / (E1 + E2) / 2 × 100%where E1 = 1.77 m² and E2 = 1.85 m²Thus;|1.77 – 1.85| / (1.77 + 1.85) / 2 × 100% = 4.2%(d)Considering the formula BSA = √(MH/C) with fixed H, a graph with BSA on the y-axis and M on the x-axis can be plotted.The trend shows a non-linear increase in BSA as the mass increases.
(e)Considering the formula BSA = √(MH/C) with fixed BSA, a graph with H on the y-axis and M on the x-axis can be plotted.The trend shows a linear increase in height as the mass increases.
About HumanHuman are the most numerous and widespread primate species. They are a type of great ape that is characterized by a bipedal gait and capable cognitive abilities thanks to their large and complex brains. From the moment humans were created, somatic cell chromosomes have a total of 46 egg cells or sperm cells have only 23 chromosomes. The existence of fertilization returns the number of chromosomes of body cells to 46.
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How was life today similar and different to the Silurian period? ( animals, plants , organisms)
Answers
Answer:
The creatures developed in silurian period have evolved to live in sea bottoms.
Explanation:
Silurian life that is marine benthic which are bottom lying organisms belongs to the community of ecological zones that express themselves. As the gradients of temperature, pressure, and salinity. Consists of a community that is adapted to live in a darker region, used to lie in quieter environments that are in deep offshore water. These are much like the reef communities today as they do not tolerate excessive sediments. Prefer wave water that is shallow than 30 meters. These platforms are very gentle and are found over a hundred km gradients. Most of the fish represent the Silurian age and are widely distributed in marine environments. Examples of jawless fish, terrestrial fungi etc.A fired worker who fakes mental harassment by his boss in order to explain his unfair treatment
o is insane
o is malingering
o is psychotic
o has a mental illness
Answers
For which of the following conditions would regular genital self-examination b emost beneficial?
A) testicular cancer
B) cryptorchidism
C) priapism
D) phimosis.
Answers
Regular genital self-examination would be most beneficial for detecting testicular cancer, option A.
Testicular cancer is a type of cancer that affects the testicles, which are the male reproductive organs that produce sperm and testosterone. Testicular cancer often presents as a painless lump or swelling in one of the testicles, and early detection is important for successful treatment.
Regular genital self-examination can help detect any changes or abnormalities in the testicles, such as lumps, swelling, or changes in texture. It is recommended that men perform monthly testicular self-exams to check for any signs of testicular cancer. By doing so, men can detect any potential issues early on and seek medical attention promptly.
In conclusion, regular genital self-examination is most beneficial for detecting option A ,testicular cancer and should be performed monthly by men to detect any changes or abnormalities in their testicles.
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I need help please help me :(
Answers
Answer:
The chemical energy that organisms need comes from food. Food consists of organic molecules that store energy in their chemical bonds. In terms of obtaining food for energy, there are two types of organisms: autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Explanation:
please answer urgently
Answers
Answer:
C- the enzyme is represented by the letter C
Explanation:
What is the carrying capacity of this graph?
Answers
Biology!!
How many blood types are there?
Answers
Answer:
8
Explanation:
There are originally 8 but 4 of them are the most common known ones.
I hope it helps! Have a great day!
Muffins ^^
Answer:
8
Explanation:
There are 8 blood types.
I hope it helps! Have a great day!
bren~
Consider a protein that is targeted to be excreted to the outside of the plasma membrane. Where would this protein be located in the endoplasmic reticulum?.
Answers
Answer: Consider a protein that is targeted to be excreted to the outside of the plasma membrane. Where would this protein be located in the Golgi? It will be embedded in the E.R. membrane with domain X facing the lumen of the E.R.
Explanation:
Which of the following statements regarding diffusion is false? a. Diffusion is driven by concentration gradients. b. Diffusion occurs even after equilibrium is reached. c. Diffusion occurs when particles spread from areas where they are less concentrated to areas where they are more concentrated. d. Diffusion requires no input of energy into the system.
Answers
The false statement regarding diffusion is: c. Diffusion occurs when particles spread from areas where they are less concentrated to areas where they are more concentrated.
Diffusion is the process of particles moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, driven by concentration gradients. This statement accurately describes the concept of diffusion. However, option c states the opposite, that diffusion occurs when particles spread from areas where they are less concentrated to areas where they are more concentrated. This statement is false because diffusion always happens in the direction of decreasing concentration, not increasing concentration.
In summary, diffusion is driven by concentration gradients and occurs when particles move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. It is a passive process that does not require an input of energy. However, the false statement in this context is option c, which incorrectly describes the direction of diffusion.
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A pitcher plant (Sarracenia purpurea), is
an Ontario bog plant with leaves that hold water in which various organisms live. Is a pitcher plant a species or an ecosystem? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:
Ecosystem.
Explanation:
The water-filled pool within a pitcher plant is considered a tiny ecosystem because this water filled pool provides habitat to various organisms. The pitcher plant is a type of plant but also act an ecosystem where most of the organisms live. Due to providing place to various organisms, this plant act as an ecosystem so we can conclude that this pitcher plant is a plant specie as well as an ecosystem and habitat for various organisms.
An ecologist is studying a newly discovered animal. the ecologist finds that it reproduces quickly and has many offspring each time it reproduces. which type of organism is it
Answers
According to the given statement It is an r-strategist type of organism.
What is organism and example?An organism is typically referred to be a single or unique living species that demonstrates all the characteristics of life. These may be a bacterium, plant, animal, bird, or even a bug. On our planet Earth, there are hundreds to trillions of various kinds of living things. Living things have a high degree of organization, which means they have coordinated, specialized components. All living things are composed of one or maybe more cellular, which are regarded as the basic building blocks of life.
Do organisms have life?An entity is a form of life that is capable of reproduction: The ability to duplicate oneself is one of the traits of organisms, but this trait is shared by many other biological entities as well, including cells, DNA, organelles, and even even communities.
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6.) the process by which large molecules are expelled from a cell
Answers
Answer:
A cell uses a process called exocytosis to expel large molecules. The process is shown on the right. Note how the contents are packaged in a membrane bound vesicle which fuses with the cell membrane to expel its contents.
Answer:
A cell uses a process called exocytosis to expel large molecules
Explanation:
Scientists are now studying human DNA in labs all over the world. Which are current goals for the scientists at these labs? Select three answers that apply. A. completing a full sequence of human DNA (the Human Genome Project) B. identifying the regions of human DNA that are transcribed into RNA C. identifying the regions of human DNA that bind to proteins D. analyzing the regions of human DNA that vary among individuals E. describing the molecular structure of human DNA
Answers
Answer:
B. identifying the regions of human DNA that are transcribed into RNA
C. identifying the regions of human DNA that bind to proteins
D. analyzing the regions of human DNA that vary among individuals
Explanation:
The double helix structure of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule was characterized and published in April 1953 by Francis Crick and James Watson. Moreover, the Human Genome Project was a project aimed at completing mapping and sequencing of the human genome. This project was completed and published in April 2003. Nowadays, scientists are focused on identifying which genes are expressed (i.e., transcribed into RNA) in specific cell types/tissues. For this purpose, it is imperative 1-to identify the promoter and enhancer regions that bind to specific proteins (transcription factors) in order to activate gene expression, and 2-to understand how genetic variation is related to gene expression patterns in specific cell types and/or in response to specific environmental stimuli.
True or false All protist are single -celled
Answers
Answer:
False, Most protist are single-celled but there are some protist that are multicellular.
Explanation:
Answer:
false
Explanation:
beacause most of them are singel celled not all of them.
PLSSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
Answers
B. Prediction of weather. Science technology are used to predict atmospheric conditions at a certain area and time. Computer-based models that take into consideration a variety of atmospheric elements.
Quantitative data on the condition of the atmosphere, land, and ocean at a particular site are collected in order to make weather predictions, which then use meteorology to anticipate how the atmosphere will change there.
Forecasts were previously made manually using a combination of factors, including changes in barometric pressure, the current state of the weather, and the state of the sky or cloud cover.
Still requiring human input, selecting the best model to serve as the forecast's underlying framework involves understanding of model bias, model performance, and pattern identification.
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regulation by induction and repression are called negative control because __________.
Answers
Regulation by induction and repression are called negative control because they both involve the suppression of gene expression.
The repression of gene expressed occurs when a patch, frequently a protein, binds to a gene and prevents its expression, or when a gene is actuated by a patch, but the gene product isn't made. In both cases, gene expression is inhibited, which is why these nonsupervisory processes are considered negative control.
In negative control, the gene is suppressed by a nonsupervisory patch, similar as a recap factor, which binds to the gene and prevents it from being expressed. This is known as suppression. Alternately, the gene may be actuated by a nonsupervisory patch, similar as an activator protein, which binds to the gene and allows it to be expressed.
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A substance with a pH of 6 is called O a base. O neither an acid nor a base. O an acid. O both an acid and a base.
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a gas in a sealed container has a pressure of 125 kPa at a temperature of 30.0 degrees C. If the pressure in the container is increased to 206 kPa, what is the new temperature?
Answers
Answer:
226°C
Explanation:
By using the gas equation,
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
Let volume = x ml
Converting T1 to Kelvin scale, 30 C = 303K
Substituting the values,
\(\frac{125kPa . x}{303K}\) = \(\frac{206kPa . x}{T2}\)or, T2 = 499.344 K ≈ 226°C Ans.
Translate the following statements into symbolic form using capital letters torepresent affirmative English statements.
If evolutionary biology is correct, then higher life-forms arose by chance, and H 6 if that is so, then it is not the case that there is any design in nature and divine providence is a myth.
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The given statements can be translated into symbolic form using capital letters to represent affirmative English statements as follows: Let A represent "evolutionary biology is correct, "B represent "higher life-forms arose by chance," C represent "there is any design in nature," and D represent "divine providence is a myth."
The symbolic form of the given statements can be written as:A → (B ∧ ~C ∧ D)It is a conditional statement where A is the hypothesis, and B ∧ ~C ∧ D is the conclusion. It means that if the hypothesis is true, then the conclusion is also true.The statement indicates that if evolutionary biology is correct, then higher life-forms arose by chance. It also means that there is no design in nature, and divine providence is a myth if higher life-forms arose by chance by evolution.
Therefore, the statement suggests that there is no external force responsible for the creation of life. The idea of divine intervention in the creation of life is a myth. So therefore the statement indicates that higher life-forms arose due to a natural evolutionary process rather than design in nature or divine intervention.
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a skin swab yields cells that appear as clusters of round cells under the light microscope. given this information, it is possible that the organism is
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Without further information, it is difficult to determine the exact organism present in the skin swab.
Based on the information provided, a skin swab that yields clusters of round cells under the light microscope may indicate the presence of the organism Staphylococcus. Staphylococcus is a group of bacteria commonly found on the skin, and they typically appear as clusters of round cells (cocci) when viewed under a light microscope.
However, based on the appearance of clusters of round cells, it is possible that the organism is a type of bacteria or yeast. Further testing, such as culturing the cells, would be necessary to identify the specific organism present in the sample.
Based on the information provided, a skin swab that yields clusters of round cells under the light microscope may indicate the presence of the organism Staphylococcus. Staphylococcus is a group of bacteria commonly found on the skin, and they typically appear as clusters of round cells (cocci) when viewed under a light microscope.
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During protein digestion, _____ are broken down into _____, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream and transported for use elsewhere in the body.
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Answer:
Proteins then Amino Acids
4. What is a Biotic factor that can contribute to an ecosystem?
02
O H20
Fish
CO2
Answers
Answer:
fish
Explanation:
Biotic describes a living component of an ecosystem
A nonnative species of ant is introduced into a woodland ecosystem. Which situation would most likely stop the species from becoming invasive?
Answers
Answer:
Having a natural predator would most likely stop the species from becoming invasive
Explanation:
This is because the natural predator uses it and makes it dormat.
Is the coding sequence does not have promoter before ot rna or protein
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If a coding sequence does not have a promoter before it, it is unlikely that it will be transcribed into RNA or protein.
What is a promoter?A promoter is a sequence of DNA that regulates the expression of a gene, which is the coding sequence that encodes for either RNA or protein. The promoter provides the initiation site for transcription, the process by which RNA is synthesized from the DNA template.
If a coding sequence does not have a promoter before it, it is unlikely that it will be transcribed into RNA, and even if it is transcribed, it will not be translated into protein. This is because the promoter is responsible for regulating the expression of the gene, and without it, the gene will not be activated and its product will not be produced.
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How does a branching tree diagram show evolutionary relationships?
Answers
Answer:
A branching tree diagram shows evolutionary relationships by grouping organisms according to shared derived characteristics.
Explanation:
A phylogenetic tree (also phylogeny or evolutionary tree) is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.
which of the following statements about capping and polyadenylation in eukaryotic cells are true?
Answers
Capping involves the addition of a modified guanine nucleotide to the 5' end of the mRNA, while polyadenylation involves the addition of a poly(A) tail to the 3' end.
In eukaryotic cells, capping and polyadenylation are crucial steps in the processing of pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) into mature mRNA. Capping occurs soon after transcription initiation and involves the addition of a modified guanine nucleotide (7-methylguanosine) to the 5' end of the mRNA molecule.
This 5' cap plays a role in mRNA stability, nuclear export, and translation initiation. It also protects the mRNA from degradation by exonucleases.
Polyadenylation, on the other hand, occurs at the 3' end of the mRNA. It involves the addition of a poly(A) tail, which is a string of adenine nucleotides, to the mRNA molecule. This poly(A) tail enhances mRNA stability, facilitates nuclear export, and is involved in the recruitment of translation initiation factors.
The length of the poly(A) tail can vary and affects mRNA stability and translational efficiency. Together, capping and polyadenylation play crucial roles in the maturation and stability of mRNA molecules in eukaryotic cells, ensuring proper gene expression and regulation.
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.Which geometric shape has the least surface area for a given volume?
A. Pyramid
B. Cylinder
C. Sphere
D. Cube
Answers
Hope this helps:)
Germs that cause diseases?
Answers
Answer:
There are two main types of germs which can cause disease in humans and animals. These are bacteria and viruses. Bacteria are larger than viruses.
Explanation: