1. At a pH above its pKa, the phenolic group of lysine is deprotonated (Lys-OH ⇌ Lys-O⁻ + H⁺).
2. At a pH above its pKa, the ε-amino group of lysine is protonated (Lys-NH₂ + H⁺ ⇌ Lys-NH₃⁺).
3. At a pH above its pKa, the R-group of Asp is deprotonated (Asp-COOH ⇌ Asp-COO⁻ + H⁺).
4. At pH 3, the pentapeptide Ala-Asp-His-Ser-Lys contains three charged groups.
1. The phenolic group (Lys-OH) of lysine has a pKa around 10. At a pH above its pKa (pH > 10), the phenolic group loses a proton, becoming deprotonated (Lys-OH ⇌ Lys-O⁻ + H⁺). The phenolic group is negatively charged as Lys-O⁻.
2. The ε-amino group (Lys-NH₂) of lysine has a pKa around 10. At a pH above its pKa (pH > 10), the ε-amino group gains a proton, becoming protonated (Lys-NH₂ + H⁺ ⇌ Lys-NH₃⁺). The ε-amino group is positively charged as Lys-NH₃⁺.
3. The R-group of aspartic acid (Asp-COOH) has a pKa around 4. At a pH above its pKa (pH > 4), the R-group loses a proton, becoming deprotonated (Asp-COOH ⇌ Asp-COO⁻ + H⁺). The R-group is negatively charged as Asp-COO⁻.
4. At pH 3, the carboxyl group of aspartic acid (Asp-COOH) is protonated (Asp-COOH + H⁺), the amino group of histidine (His-NH₂) is protonated (His-NH₂ + H⁺), and the α-amino group of alanine (Ala-NH₂) is protonated (Ala-NH₂ + H⁺). Therefore, there are three charged groups in the pentapeptide: Asp-COOH, His-NH₂, and Ala-NH₂.
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If a boulder sits at rest on top of a mountain what conclusion can be made about the forces acting on the
A boulder sits at rest on top of a mountain. What conclusion can be made about the forces acting on the boulder? The forces acting on the boulder are balanced (net force equals zero).
If a boulder sits at rest on the top of the mountain , the forces acting on the boulder are zero as it is in the state of rest.
What is a force?
Force is defined as a cause which is capable of changing the motion of an object. It can cause an object which has mass to change it's velocity. It is also simply a push or a pull . It has both magnitude as well as direction.Hence, it is a vector quantity.
It has SI units of Newton and is represented by'F'.Newton's second law states that force which acts on an object is equal to momentum which changes with time. If mass of object is constant, acceleration is directly proportional to net force acting on an object.
The concepts which related to force are thrust and torque .Thrust increases the velocity of an object and torque produces change in rotational speed of an object.
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What is the specific heat of a 87.01 g piece of an unknown metal that exhibits a 45.2°C temperature change upon absorbing 1870 J of heat?
The specific heat capacity of the metal on temperature change of 45.2°C is 0.0675 cal g\(^-1\)°C\(^-1\).
What is specific heat capacity?Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree Celsius. It has units of calories or joules per gram per degree Celsius.
It varies with temperature and is different for each state of matter. Water in the liquid form has the highest specific heat capacity among all common substances .Specific heat capacity of a substance is infinite as it undergoes phase transition ,it is highest for gases and can rise if the gas is allowed to expand.
It is given by the formula ,
Q=mcΔT
In the given example, mass= 87.01 g , Δt=45.2°C=318.2 K ,c=1870 J
Substituting the values in the formula,
c=Q/mΔt
c=1870/87.01×318.2
c=0.0675 cal g\(^-1\) °C\(^-1\)
Hence, the specific heat capacity of metal is 0.0675 cal g\(^-1\) °C\(^-1\).
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Se prepara 0,150dm3 de solucion poh=11,20 a partir de 10,00cm3 de una solucion acuosa de hno3 (( m=63,0g/mol). la concentracion de la solucion concentrada expresada en %m/v es?
Answer:
Translate your language to English ok
two or more immiscible substances combine with a special binding ingredient to create a(n):
Answer: emulsion
Explanation: wheres the answers
An atom X that has 12 protons and 12 electrons, loses 2 electrons to form an ions, What will be the ion? What will be the number of protons and electrons in the ions?
An atom X that has 12 protons and 12 electrons, loses 2 electrons to form an ions, the charge of ion will be X⁺² the number of protons 12 and electrons in the ions is 10.
An atom X has 12 protons and 12 electrons that means X is a neutral atom and the atomic no. is 12 because total no. of protons is equal to atomic number. When it looses the 2 electrons then atom becomes positively charged ion . the charge on the ion is +2.
now, the no. of protons will be = 12
number of electrons will be = 12 - 2 = 10
Thus, An atom X that has 12 protons and 12 electrons, loses 2 electrons to form an ions, the charge of ion will be X⁺² the number of protons 12 and electrons in the ions is 10.
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The final step in the metabolic degradation of uracil is the oxidation of malonic semialdehyde to give malonyl CoA. Propose a mechanism.
The final step in the of uracil involves the oxidation of malonic semialdehyde to produce malonyl CoA. The proposed mechanism begins with the enzyme malonic semialdehyde dehydrogenase catalyzing the oxidation process.
Mechanism for the final step of uracil metabolic degradation, the malonic semialdehyde undergoes oxidation. This reaction is catalyzed by an enzyme that accepts the aldehyde group of malonic semialdehyde as an electron acceptor, while transferring a hydride ion to a coenzyme, such as NAD+. This enzyme binds to the malonic semialdehyde substrate and utilizes a coenzyme, NAD+, to facilitate the transfer of electrons. During this process, the aldehyde group of malonic semialdehyde is oxidized, forming a carboxylic acid group. Concurrently, NAD+ is reduced to NADH. Finally, the carboxylic acid group reacts with coenzyme A, producing malonyl CoA, which is an important intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways.This creates an intermediate species that is prone to undergo further reactions, resulting in the formation of malonyl CoA. The oxidation process involves the transfer of two electrons from the aldehyde group to the enzyme, while two protons are released to the solvent. The resulting species, a malonate radical, is then stabilized by the formation of a carbon-carbon double bond. This process is completed by the addition of CoA to the malonyl radical, resulting in the formation of malonyl CoA.
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why is OH on the outside of the lewis structure for methanol?
In the Lewis structure of methanol (CH3OH), the OH group is placed on the outside because it is an important functional group that influences the chemical properties and reactivity of the molecule.
The Lewis structure is a representation of a molecule that shows the arrangement of atoms and valence electrons. In methanol, carbon (C) is the central atom bonded to three hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. The oxygen atom forms a single bond with carbon and also has two lone pairs of electrons.
The placement of the OH group (hydroxyl group) on the outside of the Lewis structure is significant because it determines the chemical behavior of methanol. The OH group consists of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and represents the presence of an alcohol functional group.
In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific arrangements of atoms within a molecule that give rise to characteristic chemical reactions and properties. The presence and position of functional groups can greatly influence the behavior and reactivity of a compound. In the case of methanol, the hydroxyl group provides the molecule with its characteristic properties.
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How can the gravitational potential energy of an object be changed?
Answer:
Gravitational potential energy may be converted to other forms of energy, such as kinetic energy. If we release the mass, gravitational force will do an amount of work equal to mgh on it, thereby increasing its kinetic energy by that same amount (by the work-energy theorem).
Explanation:
Look at the periodic table in Appendix 1. Name two elements that do not appear in order of their relative atomic masses.
iodine which should appear before tellurium and argon which should appear after potassium
There is a 3rd one: nickel should appear before cobalt
In appendix I of periodic table, the argon comes before potassium but comes before in the table. Similarly, cobalt has a mass greater than nickel but cobalt comes first in appendix.
What is atomic mass ?Atomic mass is the mass of the atom measured relative to the carbon-12th element. The mass number of an atom is the sum of its number of protons and neutrons. Along a period atomic mass increases slightly. Similarly down a group atomic mass increases.
The appendix 1 in periodic table list elements in the increasing order of atomic mass. However, some elements appears to be different from this order in the table which are argon and cobalt.
Argon comes before potassium but comes before in the table. Similarly, cobalt has a mass greater than nickel but cobalt comes first in appendix I. All other elements appears to be in the correct order of mass.
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What does the “188” represent in Tantalum-188
A. mass number
B. atomic number
C. mass defect
Answer:
mass number
Explanation:
When there is an element name followed by a dash and then a number, the number simply represents the mass number.
for example:
Oxygen- 18
18 represents the mass number of this particular isotope
When bubbles form in a liquid, which physical change is happening?
A. condensing
B. boiling
C. freezing
D. melting
1) Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method *
Formulating a scientific question
Making Observations
Developing a hypothesis
Applying for a license
Answer:
applying for a license
Answer:
Applying for a license
Explanation:
This is because you have to have observations,hypothesis and a scientific equation when using The Scientific Method.
Name (First AND Last):
Period:
Directions: For the following questions, please create a flip chart and written
explanation for each energy transformation.
Answer:
Amy Reno.
2.
I'm her friend
Answer:
Please list it specifically, I will be only adding wind energy.
Explanation: Wind turbines absorb kinetic energy from the wind by using blades. Wind creates lift on the blades, which causes the blades to turn (similar to the effect on airplane wings). The blades are attached to a drive shaft that rotates an electric generator, which provides power.
Which statement describes absolute and apparent brightness?
NOTES TO TAKE DOWN:
Apparent brightness is a human measurement, and it would change for each star if the measurement were taken from another location. The more precise counterpart of apparent brightness is called absolute brightness (or absolute magnitude) and is the measure of the luminosity of a star, but on a common scale.
ANSWER:
Absolute brightness is the actual amount of light produced by the star, whereas apparent brightness changes with distance from the observer.
What does these mean (thermal energy, convection, radiation and coundution)
Answer:
Thermal Energy: It refers to some distinct physical concepts, such as the internal energy of a system or heat or sensible heat. And these mode of transfer of heat include, convection, conduction and radiation which I have explained below.
Convection: This is a mode of transfer of heat in which bulk movement of molecules within fluids takes place, as these molecules move the heat obtained by each of the molecules will reach the new location.
Radiation: Radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium
Conduction: Conduction is the transfer of internal energy by microscopic collisions of particles and the movement of electrons within an object.
choose the true statement(s) about ions. to be marked correct, you’ll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.
Cations have more protons than electrons, Anions result when atoms gain an electron.
What are electrons ?The electron, a subatomic particle, has a negative one elementary charge electric charge. The electron, a member of the first generation of the lepton particle family, is usually regarded as an elementary particle because it has no known components or substructure.
How electrons are in an atom ?A few straightforward rules can be used to calculate the quantity of protons, neutrons, and electrons present in an atom. The atomic number and the number of protons in the atom's nucleus are equal (Z). A neutral atom has the same number of protons and electrons as protons.
Around the nucleus, electrons are positioned in several shells. Only a fixed amount of electrons can fit in each subsequent shell. Filling begins with the innermost shell.
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Help me indicate whether CALCIUM will gain or lose electrons to get a full outer shell and how many electrons they will need to gain or lose
Calcium atoms will lose two electrons in order to achieve the noble gas configuration of argon. A neutral calcium atom has 20 electrons, while a calcium atom that has lost two electrons will have 18 electrons, and a neutral argon atom also has 18 electrons.
Calcium has two valence electrons in its last energy level.
It is easier to lose two electrons to adquire stability in order to achieve the noble gas configuration.
Thus, calcium will lose two electrons to get a full outer shell.
consider a simple ideal rankine cycle with fixed boiler and condenser pressures. if the steam is superheated to a higher temperature, (select the correct statement)
Superheating the steam to a higher temperature improves the cycle efficiency.
Does increasing steam temperature enhance cycle efficiency?Superheating the steam to a higher temperature in a simple ideal Rankine cycle improves the cycle efficiency. In a Rankine cycle, the working fluid undergoes four processes: expansion in a turbine, condensation in a condenser, pumping to increase pressure, and heating in a boiler. The cycle efficiency depends on the temperature at which heat is added to the working fluid (boiler temperature) and the temperature at which heat is rejected (condenser temperature). By superheating the steam to a higher temperature before it enters the turbine, the temperature difference between the boiler and the condenser increases. This leads to an improvement in the cycle efficiency.
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Finish this sentence. if i place plant seeds in a cup of plaster of paris then...
if I place plant seeds in a cup of plaster of Paris, then the seeds will not be able to germinate and grow into plants. Gypsum powder and water are combined to create plaster of Paris, which quickly sets into a solid, impermeable substance. This implies that the seeds won't have access to
the elements they require for germination and plant growth, such as air, water, and nutrients. They are more likely to stay dormant and finally decompose inside the plaster. A versatile substance frequently used in construction, the arts, and crafts is plaster of Paris.
Gypsum, a mineral that occurs naturally, is used to make it. Plaster of Paris can be sculpted into a variety of shapes when combined with water. As it dries, the paste solidifies into a hard, white substance. It is perfect for making castings, sculptures, and decorative pieces.
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Which is bigger an atom or a cell?
Answer:
Both are small
Explanation:
Atom comprises to die molecules, and cell comprise to for tissues
Which metalloid has five valence electrons in the fourth electron shell?
antimony
germanium
selenium
arsenic
Answer:
A- antimony
Explanation:
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Which term describes the information that a scientist gathers during an investigation? Data, hypothesis, observation, variable and why HURRY
During the research, the scientists collect the details and observations based on the information called data. Thus, option A is accurate.
What is data?A data is set of facts and observations including textual information, graphs, images, etc. It includes all the measurements and observations collected during the research work. The hypothesis is a thesis statement or a theory.
Observation in research is the gained information and facts during the research process that involves the recording of the data using some sort of tools. While variable is the set that can vary or change.
Therefore, the correct option is A. data.
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assuming the fluid has a density of 1.00 g/cm3 , at what height h should the bottle be placed so the liquid pressure is 66 mm - hg ?
6.73 m is the height h; the bottle be placed so the liquid pressure is 66 mm - hg
P=ρgh
P=pressure
g= gravity
h= height
ρ=density
P=ρgh
h=P/ρg
h=66/1×9.8
h=6.73 m
The definition of pressure is force/area. For instance, the weight of the snow divided by the area of the roof would be used to illustrate the pressure from snow on a roof. In chemistry, gases are a common source of pressure. The lack of pressure is referred described as a "vacuum." Since "nature abhors a vacuum," humans have long believed that vacuums are both impossibly rare and unnatural. This isn't actually the case
The quantity of pressure units is absurd. The torr or mmHg is a frequently used unit. All that is being discussed here is a mercury column's height. There are 760 torr, or mmHg, in the atmosphere. You may also have a look at mmH2O
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Concentrated sufuric acid has a concentration of 18. 4 M. 1 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid is added to 99 mL of a solution containing 0. 505M*H_{2}*S and 0. 505 M HS what is the resulting pH of that solution?
Concentrated sufuric acid has a concentration of 18. 4 M. 1 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid is added to 99 mL of a solution. 5.5 is the resulting pH of that solution.
It is a scale used to describe how basic or how acidic an aqueous solution is. When compared to basic or alkaline solutions, acidic solutions—those with greater hydrogen (H+) ion concentrations—are measured to have lower pH values. The pH scale is logarithmic and shows the activity of hydrogen ions (in the solution) in the opposite direction.
Molarity₁×Volume₁=Molarity₂×Volume₂
18. 4 ×1=Molarity₂×99
Molarity₂= 0.18M
pH = -log[ 0.18M]
=5.5
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suppose you titrated a sample of acetic acid (monoprotic acid) with a 0.125 m solution of naoh. given the data in the table, what is the concentration of the original acetic acid solution?volume of 0.125 m naoh dispensed (ml) 22.40 volume of acetic acid solution used (ml) 15.00 volume of water added to the acetic acid solution (ml) 15.00
The concentration of the original acetic acid solution is 0.0933 mol/L.
To find the concentration of the original acetic acid solution, we can use the following equation:
moles of acid = moles of base
First, we need to find the moles of NaOH used in the titration:
moles of NaOH = Molarity of NaOH x Volume of NaOH used (in liters)
moles of NaOH = 0.125 mol/L x 0.02240 L
moles of NaOH = 0.00280 mol
Since acetic acid is a monoprotic acid, it reacts with one mole of NaOH to form one mole of water and one mole of sodium acetate (NaC₂H₃O₂). Therefore, the moles of acetic acid in the original solution can be calculated as:
moles of acetic acid = moles of NaOH used
moles of acetic acid = 0.00280 mol
Now we can calculate the concentration of the original acetic acid solution using the formula:
Molarity of acid = moles of acid / volume of acid solution used (in liters)
The volume of acid solution used is the sum of the volume of acetic acid solution and the volume of water added to it:
Volume of acid solution used = 15.00 mL + 15.00 mL = 0.0300 L
Substituting the values, we get:
Molarity of acetic acid = 0.00280 mol / 0.0300 L
Molarity of acetic acid = 0.0933 mol/L
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____ is formed when ultraviolet radiation decomposes chlorinated hydrocarbon.
a. Ozone
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Phosgene
d. Argon
The answer is c. Phosgene.
When ultraviolet radiation breaks down chlorinated hydrocarbons, it can form a variety of products, including phosgene. Chlorinated hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain both chlorine and carbon atoms in their molecules. These chemicals are often used as solvents, pesticides, and refrigerants. However, they can be harmful to both humans and the environment, as they can persist in the atmosphere for a long time and contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can accelerate the breakdown of these chemicals, releasing chlorine atoms that can react with ozone molecules, leading to the formation of phosgene and other harmful byproducts. It is important to limit the use of chlorinated hydrocarbons and other harmful chemicals to protect the environment and human health.
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why must we include units with a measurement?
Answer:
Units are used to show if a certain calculation is on track.
Explanation:
For example, 5.1 inches is way shorter than 5.9 inches.
what is the mass, in grams, of 4.76 moles of na3po4 (gram formula mass = 164 grams/mole)?
780.64g is the mass of 4.76 moles of Na\(_3\)PO\(_4\). It essentially refers to a body of matter's resistance to changing its speed
In physics, mass is a quantitative measurement of inertia, a basic characteristic of all matter. Location in response to the exertion of a force. The change caused by a force being applied is smaller the more mass a body has. Despite being connected to mass, weight is distinct from that latter. Weight fluctuates somewhat from place to place since it is essentially the force of Earth's gravitational attraction acting on stuff.
moles = given mass/ molar mass
4.76 =mass/ 164
mass = 780.64g
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A sample of propane, a component of lp gas, has a volume of 35. 3 l at 315 k and 922 torr. What is its volume at stp?.
A Sample of propane, a component of LP gas has a volume of 35.3L at 315K and 922torr. Its volume at STP is 37.6 L.
STP conditions are defined as a pressure of
100kPa= 100kPa. 1atm / 101 . 325kPa . 760torr/1atm
= 750.1torr
And a temperature of 0ەC = 0ەC +273.15= 273.15K
So, from here we knew that both pressure and temperature of the gas are changing. Here we use combined gas law equation.
The combined gas law is an amalgamation of the three previously known laws which are Boyle’s law PV = K, Charles law V/T = K, and Gay-Lussac’s law P/T = K. Therefore, the formula of combined gas law is PV/T = K, Where P = pressure, T = temperature, V = volume, K is constant.
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
Here P1, V1 and T1 are the pressure volume and temperature of the gas at an initial stage.
And P2, V2 and T2 are pressure volume and temperature of the gas at final stage.
So,
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
= > V2 = ( P1 .T2 /P2.T1).V1
Put all values in the expression.
V2 = (922torr . 273.15K /750.1torr . 315K ) . 35.3L
= 37.6 L
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The reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇄ 2NH3(g) has Kp = 6.9 × 105 at 25.0 °C.
Calculate ∆G° for this reaction in units of kilojoules
So the value of ∆G° for the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇄ 2NH3(g) is -34.6 kJ/mol. This negative value indicates that the reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction, meaning that it will tend to proceed from left to right (i.e., from N2 and H2 to NH3) under standard conditions.
To calculate ∆G° for the given reaction, we need to use the relationship between ∆G° and Kp:
∆G° = -RT ln Kp
Here, R is the gas constant (8.314 J/mol K), T is the temperature in kelvin (25 + 273 = 298 K), and ln is the natural logarithm. We can convert the answer to kilojoules by dividing by 1000.
∆G° = -(8.314 J/mol K)(298 K) ln (6.9 × 105) / 1000 = -34.6 kJ/mol
So the value of ∆G° for the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇄ 2NH3(g) is -34.6 kJ/mol. This negative value indicates that the reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction, meaning that it will tend to proceed from left to right (i.e., from N2 and H2 to NH3) under standard conditions.
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